Question 1

Early in development, both the Müllerian and Wolffian ducts are present in both sexes. In females,

Accepted Answer

A)  the Müllerian ducts degenerate and the Wolffian ducts develop into the female reproductive tract. 
B)  the Wolffian ducts degenerate and the Müllerian ducts develop into the female reproductive tract. 
C)  the Müllerian ducts develop into the female reproductive tract and the Wolffian ducts develop into the urinary tract. 
D)  the Müllerian ducts develop into the oviducts and the Wolffian ducts develop into the uterus and part of the vagina. 
E)  both Wolffian and Müllerian ducts degenerate. 
A)  the Müllerian ducts degenerate and the Wolffian ducts develop into the female reproductive tract. 
B)  the Wolffian ducts degenerate and the Müllerian ducts develop into the female reproductive tract. 
C)  the Müllerian ducts develop into the female reproductive tract and the Wolffian ducts develop into the urinary tract. 
D)  the Müllerian ducts develop into the oviducts and the Wolffian ducts develop into the uterus and part of the vagina. 
E)  both Wolffian and Müllerian ducts degenerate. B

Question 2

An XX embryo is exposed to greater-than-normal amounts of testosterone, due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This will most likely cause the embryo to

Accepted Answer

A)  become a normal male. 
B)  become a normal female. 
C)  develop both male and female reproductive organs. 
D)  develop normal female sex organs, but have some male behaviors. 
E)  develop as a female, but have some masculinization of the genitals and some male-typical behaviors. 
A)  become a normal male. 
B)  become a normal female. 
C)  develop both male and female reproductive organs. 
D)  develop normal female sex organs, but have some male behaviors. 
E)  develop as a female, but have some masculinization of the genitals and some male-typical behaviors. E

Question 3

Research has shown that the effect of gender socialization may be bidirectional, with society sometimes pulling the same person in opposite directions. Which situation is an example of these contrasting effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Society considers swearing more acceptable for boys than for girls. 
B)  A girl is encouraged to be "ladylike," while a boy is encouraged to "act like a man." 
C)  Video games encourage male sexual violence, while rape is a crime leading to prison. 
D)  Parents give their daughter boy-oriented toys and encourage her to take science classes. 
E)  Parents fear their son is homosexual, so they double their efforts to make him masculine. 
A)  Society considers swearing more acceptable for boys than for girls. 
B)  A girl is encouraged to be "ladylike," while a boy is encouraged to "act like a man." 
C)  Video games encourage male sexual violence, while rape is a crime leading to prison. 
D)  Parents give their daughter boy-oriented toys and encourage her to take science classes. 
E)  Parents fear their son is homosexual, so they double their efforts to make him masculine. C

Question 4

Developmental disorders, such as Turner and Klinefelter syndromes, are caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  irregularities in sperm motility. 
B)  incorrect numbers of sex chromosomes. 
C)  faulty production of sex hormones. 
D)  defects in development of internal sex organs. 
E)  defects in development of external genitalia. 
A)  irregularities in sperm motility. 
B)  incorrect numbers of sex chromosomes. 
C)  faulty production of sex hormones. 
D)  defects in development of internal sex organs. 
E)  defects in development of external genitalia.

Question 5

Summarize the sex differences between men and women in their sexual attitudes and behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A summary of sex differences between men

Question 6

People having unusual sets of chromosomes show various physical and mental characteristics, depending on the combination of chromosomes, but one characteristic that is common to most is

Accepted Answer

A)  fertility problems. 
B)  mental deficits. 
C)  short stature. 
D)  low testosterone. 
E)  autism. 
A)  fertility problems. 
B)  mental deficits. 
C)  short stature. 
D)  low testosterone. 
E)  autism.

Question 7

Cryptorchidism, or undescended testicles, is associated with increased likelihood of which condition in adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Depression 
B)  High fertility 
C)  Homosexuality 
D)  Testicular cancer 
E)  Turner syndrome 
A)  Depression 
B)  High fertility 
C)  Homosexuality 
D)  Testicular cancer 
E)  Turner syndrome

Question 8

A girl but fails to undergo puberty. A doctor suspects AIS (androgen insensitivity syndrome). Which type of test would be most useful in confirming this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chromosome analysis 
B)  A test for estrogen levels 
C)  An external physical exam 
D)  Testing of family members 
E)  A test for adrenal hormone levels 
A)  Chromosome analysis 
B)  A test for estrogen levels 
C)  An external physical exam 
D)  Testing of family members 
E)  A test for adrenal hormone levels

Question 9

A family provides their son with male-oriented toys and uses techniques such as language, advice, and rewards and punishments to ensure that the boy behaves in a "masculine" way. The boy has an unhappy childhood and grows up to be transgender. What does this scenario suggest about the process of gender identification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Socialization affects gender identity. 
B)  Socialization is not the only influence on gender identity. 
C)  Parents should not attempt to socialize their children's gender choices. 
D)  Children do not know what sex they are until they learn from parents and society. 
E)  Children sometimes rebel and choose to become the opposite of what their parents want. 
A)  Socialization affects gender identity. 
B)  Socialization is not the only influence on gender identity. 
C)  Parents should not attempt to socialize their children's gender choices. 
D)  Children do not know what sex they are until they learn from parents and society. 
E)  Children sometimes rebel and choose to become the opposite of what their parents want.

Question 10

A boy begins speaking somewhat later than average and also enters puberty late. As he matures to adulthood, he is very tall, and has very little body hair and smaller than average testicles. He is unable to have children. A chromosome test would most likely show this young man to have which sex chromosome complement?

Accepted Answer

A)  XX 
B)  XY 
C)  XXY 
D)  XO 
E)  XYY 
A)  XX 
B)  XY 
C)  XXY 
D)  XO 
E)  XYY

Question 11

A fetus that is chromosomally male (XY) nevertheless develops female external genitalia. This could happen because the fetus

Accepted Answer

A)  lacks estrogen receptors. 
B)  lacks androgen receptors. 
C)  has an excess of estrogen receptors. 
D)  has congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
E)  has excess estrogen from the mother, which drives fetal development in a female direction. 
A)  lacks estrogen receptors. 
B)  lacks androgen receptors. 
C)  has an excess of estrogen receptors. 
D)  has congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
E)  has excess estrogen from the mother, which drives fetal development in a female direction.

Question 12

A tendency in men toward casual sex probably evolved because men could

Accepted Answer

A)  limit the spread of other men's genes. 
B)  have many offspring at little personal cost. 
C)  try many partners until they found the best. 
D)  invest maximal resources in raising children. 
E)  prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. 
A)  limit the spread of other men's genes. 
B)  have many offspring at little personal cost. 
C)  try many partners until they found the best. 
D)  invest maximal resources in raising children. 
E)  prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.

Question 13

A girl has been gender-dysphoric for several years, but as she reaches puberty, she begins to question her desire to transition to a male. Her parents are debating whether to give her puberty blockers. Which would be the strongest reason in favor of using puberty blockers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They would hasten the development of secondary sexual characteristics. 
B)  They may have negative physical impacts if taken for too long. 
C)  They would give the girl time to decide for certain whether she should transition. 
D)  They would ease the hormonal and surgical procedures of transitioning. 
E)  They would prevent adults from determining if the girl is trans or homosexual. 
A)  They would hasten the development of secondary sexual characteristics. 
B)  They may have negative physical impacts if taken for too long. 
C)  They would give the girl time to decide for certain whether she should transition. 
D)  They would ease the hormonal and surgical procedures of transitioning. 
E)  They would prevent adults from determining if the girl is trans or homosexual.

Question 14

If a male planning gender transition chooses to undertake the real-life experience part of treatment before beginning hormone therapy, which major difficulty is he likely to encounter?

Accepted Answer

A)  He will look too masculine. 
B)  He will be unable to ejaculate. 
C)  He will be unable to have an erection. 
D)  He will be unable to reverse the physical changes. 
E)  He will be psychologically unprepared to act as a woman. 
A)  He will look too masculine. 
B)  He will be unable to ejaculate. 
C)  He will be unable to have an erection. 
D)  He will be unable to reverse the physical changes. 
E)  He will be psychologically unprepared to act as a woman.

Question 15

Parents might try to influence a young boy to develop masculine behavior by doing all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing him to play with dolls. 
B)  rewarding typically masculine behaviors. 
C)  signing him up for football. 
D)  buying him trucks and building blocks. 
E)  decorating his room with a pirate theme. 
A)  allowing him to play with dolls. 
B)  rewarding typically masculine behaviors. 
C)  signing him up for football. 
D)  buying him trucks and building blocks. 
E)  decorating his room with a pirate theme.

Question 16

A higher 2D:4D finger-length ratio would likely be consistent with a higher incidence of which characteristic in either men or women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aggression 
B)  Spatial skills 
C)  Social skills 
D)  Physical activity 
E)  Testosterone levels 
A)  Aggression 
B)  Spatial skills 
C)  Social skills 
D)  Physical activity 
E)  Testosterone levels

Question 17

Which factor has most likely prevented the transgender community from achieving recognition, respect, and equal treatment under the law?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are believed to have a psychiatric condition that requires medical treatment by greater society. 
B)  They are generally more violent and prone to criminal acts than cisgender individuals. 
C)  They are relatively few in number and are often grouped in with the gay rights movement. 
D)  After transition, they are indistinguishable from cisgender people and do not need separate rights. 
E)  They are difficult to identify, so their existence is often uncertain. 
A)  They are believed to have a psychiatric condition that requires medical treatment by greater society. 
B)  They are generally more violent and prone to criminal acts than cisgender individuals. 
C)  They are relatively few in number and are often grouped in with the gay rights movement. 
D)  After transition, they are indistinguishable from cisgender people and do not need separate rights. 
E)  They are difficult to identify, so their existence is often uncertain.

Question 18

A large-scale survey of people in their teens and twenties showed that males had a stronger sex drive than females, were more likely to be stimulated by pornography, and reached orgasm faster than females. A psychologist would most likely describe the results for males in this survey as

Accepted Answer

A)  generalizations that fit many, but not all males. 
B)  rules that apply to all males and describe normal, acceptable behavior. 
C)  stereotypes based on prejudice and double standards about the sexes. 
D)  short-term differences that will disappear as males mature and become educated. 
E)  long-term differences that are potentially damaging to males and should be treated. 
A)  generalizations that fit many, but not all males. 
B)  rules that apply to all males and describe normal, acceptable behavior. 
C)  stereotypes based on prejudice and double standards about the sexes. 
D)  short-term differences that will disappear as males mature and become educated. 
E)  long-term differences that are potentially damaging to males and should be treated.

Question 19

In a sexual reassignment surgery that results in a transexual male, it is impossible to surgically construct a functional

Accepted Answer

A)  penis. 
B)  clitoris. 
C)  testicle. 
D)  urethra. 
E)  scrotum. 
A)  penis. 
B)  clitoris. 
C)  testicle. 
D)  urethra. 
E)  scrotum.

Question 20

What is the most likely reason the real-life experience part of sexual reassignment is done before the surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  To be sure the person understands the risks of surgery 
B)  To be sure the person can be comfortable living as the opposite sex 
C)  To show the person that gender transition is ill-advised and dangerous 
D)  To show the person that gender transition can be done without surgery 
E)  To encourage the person to back out of the surgery 
A)  To be sure the person understands the risks of surgery 
B)  To be sure the person can be comfortable living as the opposite sex 
C)  To show the person that gender transition is ill-advised and dangerous 
D)  To show the person that gender transition can be done without surgery 
E)  To encourage the person to back out of the surgery

Early in development, both the Müllerian and Wolffian ducts are present in both sexes. In females,

An XX embryo is exposed to greater-than-normal amounts of testosterone, due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This will most likely cause the embryo to

Research has shown that the effect of gender socialization may be bidirectional, with society sometimes pulling the same person in opposite directions. Which situation is an example of these contrasting effects?

Developmental disorders, such as Turner and Klinefelter syndromes, are caused by

Summarize the sex differences between men and women in their sexual attitudes and behaviors.

People having unusual sets of chromosomes show various physical and mental characteristics, depending on the combination of chromosomes, but one characteristic that is common to most is

Cryptorchidism, or undescended testicles, is associated with increased likelihood of which condition in adulthood?

A girl but fails to undergo puberty. A doctor suspects AIS (androgen insensitivity syndrome). Which type of test would be most useful in confirming this?

A fetus that is chromosomally male (XY) nevertheless develops female external genitalia. This could happen because the fetus

A tendency in men toward casual sex probably evolved because men could

A girl has been gender-dysphoric for several years, but as she reaches puberty, she begins to question her desire to transition to a male. Her parents are debating whether to give her puberty blockers. Which would be the strongest reason in favor of using puberty blockers?

If a male planning gender transition chooses to undertake the real-life experience part of treatment before beginning hormone therapy, which major difficulty is he likely to encounter?

Parents might try to influence a young boy to develop masculine behavior by doing all of the following except

A higher 2D:4D finger-length ratio would likely be consistent with a higher incidence of which characteristic in either men or women?

Which factor has most likely prevented the transgender community from achieving recognition, respect, and equal treatment under the law?

A large-scale survey of people in their teens and twenties showed that males had a stronger sex drive than females, were more likely to be stimulated by pornography, and reached orgasm faster than females. A psychologist would most likely describe the results for males in this survey as

In a sexual reassignment surgery that results in a transexual male, it is impossible to surgically construct a functional

What is the most likely reason the real-life experience part of sexual reassignment is done before the surgery?

Sexuality: Pathways to Understanding

Womens Bodies

Mens Bodies

Attraction, Arousal, and Response

Sexual Behavior

Sexual Relationships

Fertility, Pregnancy, and Childbirth

Contraception and Abortion

Sexuality Across the Lifespan: Adult-hood

Sexual Orientation

A typical Sexuality

Sexual Disorders

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexual Assault, Harassment, and Partner Violence

Sex Work

Filters

Exam 4: Sex Development and Diversity

Early in development, both the Müllerian and Wolffian ducts are present in both sexes. In females,

An XX embryo is exposed to greater-than-normal amounts of testosterone, due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This will most likely cause the embryo to

Research has shown that the effect of gender socialization may be bidirectional, with society sometimes pulling the same person in opposite directions. Which situation is an example of these contrasting effects?

Developmental disorders, such as Turner and Klinefelter syndromes, are caused by

Summarize the sex differences between men and women in their sexual attitudes and behaviors.

People having unusual sets of chromosomes show various physical and mental characteristics, depending on the combination of chromosomes, but one characteristic that is common to most is

Cryptorchidism, or undescended testicles, is associated with increased likelihood of which condition in adulthood?

A girl but fails to undergo puberty. A doctor suspects AIS (androgen insensitivity syndrome). Which type of test would be most useful in confirming this?

A fetus that is chromosomally male (XY) nevertheless develops female external genitalia. This could happen because the fetus

A tendency in men toward casual sex probably evolved because men could

A girl has been gender-dysphoric for several years, but as she reaches puberty, she begins to question her desire to transition to a male. Her parents are debating whether to give her puberty blockers. Which would be the strongest reason in favor of using puberty blockers?

If a male planning gender transition chooses to undertake the real-life experience part of treatment before beginning hormone therapy, which major difficulty is he likely to encounter?

Parents might try to influence a young boy to develop masculine behavior by doing all of the following except

A higher 2D:4D finger-length ratio would likely be consistent with a higher incidence of which characteristic in either men or women?

Which factor has most likely prevented the transgender community from achieving recognition, respect, and equal treatment under the law?

A large-scale survey of people in their teens and twenties showed that males had a stronger sex drive than females, were more likely to be stimulated by pornography, and reached orgasm faster than females. A psychologist would most likely describe the results for males in this survey as

In a sexual reassignment surgery that results in a transexual male, it is impossible to surgically construct a functional

What is the most likely reason the real-life experience part of sexual reassignment is done before the surgery?

Sexuality: Pathways to Understanding

Womens Bodies

Mens Bodies

Attraction, Arousal, and Response

Sexual Behavior

Sexual Relationships

Fertility, Pregnancy, and Childbirth

Contraception and Abortion

Sexuality Across the Lifespan: Adult-hood

Sexual Orientation

A typical Sexuality

Sexual Disorders

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexual Assault, Harassment, and Partner Violence

Sex Work

Filters