Exam 4: Deductive Argument Patterns

This argument-"If John wrote that poem, then he's a genius. He didn't write the poem. Therefore, he is not a genius"-is an example of…

An argument of this form-p. If p, then q. Not q. Therefore not p-is called…

This argument-"If Einstein invented the steam engine, then he's a great scientist. Einstein did not invent the steam engine. Therefore, he is not a great scientist"-is an example of…

This argument-"If Buffalo is the capital of New York, then Buffalo is in New York. Buffalo is in New York. Therefore, Buffalo is the capital of New York"-is an example of…

This argument-"If President Trump cuts taxes, there will be a long-term recession. There will be a long-term recession, so he will cut taxes"-is an example of…

Why is it useful to know basic argument forms?

What is the counterexample method and how is it applied to arguments?

The argument pattern known as modus ponens is…

This argument-"If the problem of global warming is solved, there will be fewer tornadoes. There have been fewer tornadoes, so global warming is solved"-is an example of…

The argument type that aims to show a statement is true by showing that the negation of that statement leads to a falsehood is called…

An argument of this form-if p, then q. Not q. Therefore, not p-is an example of…

Modus tollensis an argument pattern of the form…

What does it mean for an argument to be valid or invalid? How is the validity of an argument related to the truth of premises?

The invalid argument form known as affirming the consequent has this pattern:

This argument-"If the Yankees win the World Series, Aaron will be happy. When Aaron is happy, his friend Beth is happy too. Therefore, if the Yankees win the World Series, Beth will be happy."-is an example of…

A simple way to determine if an argument is valid or invalid is to use…

The argument form "If p, then q. q. Therefore, p" is…

What are two major differences between the argument form known as modus tollens and denying the antecedent?

The argument form denying the antecedent is…

This argument-"Either Mary bought a new car or she bought a used one. She didn't buy a new one. So she bought a new one"-is an example of…