Question 1

In tropical forests, nutrients are mainly held in the soils.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

An area subject to the rainshadow effect ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  receives low levels of sunlight 
B)  experiences high levels of precipitation 
C)  experiences low levels of precipitation 
D)  Both a and c 
A)  receives low levels of sunlight 
B)  experiences high levels of precipitation 
C)  experiences low levels of precipitation 
D)  Both a and c C

Question 3

Evapotranspiration is part of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sulphur cycle 
B)  phosphorus cycle 
C)  hydrological cycle 
D)  nitrogen cycle 
A)  sulphur cycle 
B)  phosphorus cycle 
C)  hydrological cycle 
D)  nitrogen cycle C

Question 4

Denitrification refers to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of converting nitrates into nitrogen gas 
B)  the process of converting biomass back to ammonia 
C)  the process of converting ammonia and ammonium salts into nitrites and nitrates 
D)  the removal of excess nitrogen from water bodies 
A)  the process of converting nitrates into nitrogen gas 
B)  the process of converting biomass back to ammonia 
C)  the process of converting ammonia and ammonium salts into nitrites and nitrates 
D)  the removal of excess nitrogen from water bodies

Question 5

The residence time of phosphorus in terrestrial systems can be up to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 years 
B)  100 years 
C)  5 years 
D)  1,000 years 
A)  10 years 
B)  100 years 
C)  5 years 
D)  1,000 years

Question 6

The amount of moisture held in an air mass at a particular temperature compared to how much could be held if fully saturated is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  humidex 
B)  humidity ratio 
C)  relative humidity 
D)  saturation point 
A)  humidex 
B)  humidity ratio 
C)  relative humidity 
D)  saturation point

Question 7

CO2 uptake by plants is greatest in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  winter and spring 
B)  spring and summer 
C)  fall and winter 
D)  summer and fall 
A)  winter and spring 
B)  spring and summer 
C)  fall and winter 
D)  summer and fall

Question 8

The following is the best example of a synergistic effect in the Great Lakes: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorus deficiency limiting fish growth in some areas of the Lakes and excess phosphorus in other areas of the Lakes 
B)  The collective impact of urban and industrial development around the shores of Lake Erie 
C)  Canada and the United States signing the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement to work together to improve water quality in the region 
D)  The invasive zebra mussel that converts phosphorus into a form easily used by aquatic plants such as algae, thereby increasing the impacts of eutrophication 
A)  Phosphorus deficiency limiting fish growth in some areas of the Lakes and excess phosphorus in other areas of the Lakes 
B)  The collective impact of urban and industrial development around the shores of Lake Erie 
C)  Canada and the United States signing the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement to work together to improve water quality in the region 
D)  The invasive zebra mussel that converts phosphorus into a form easily used by aquatic plants such as algae, thereby increasing the impacts of eutrophication

Question 9

The following is an impact of acid rain on human drinking water: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Significantly higher treatment costs to clean water prior to drinking 
B)  Foul-smelling drinking water 
C)  Bad-tasting drinking water 
D)  Excess levels of lead in drinking water due to corroded pipes 
A)  Significantly higher treatment costs to clean water prior to drinking 
B)  Foul-smelling drinking water 
C)  Bad-tasting drinking water 
D)  Excess levels of lead in drinking water due to corroded pipes

Question 10

The form that sulphur takes depends in part on whether there are anaerobic or aerobic bacteria present.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the key differences between sedimentary and gaseous biogeochemical cycles? Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

A sedimentary cycle is one in which the

Question 12

Guano is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an endemic plant 
B)  deep ocean deposits 
C)  bird droppings 
D)  a type of amphibian 
A)  an endemic plant 
B)  deep ocean deposits 
C)  bird droppings 
D)  a type of amphibian

Question 13

Phosphorus is a macronutrient that is part of many organic molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Disruption of biogeochemical cycles can cause ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the spread of ocean dead zones 
B)  acid deposition 
C)  global warming 
D)  All of the above 
A)  the spread of ocean dead zones 
B)  acid deposition 
C)  global warming 
D)  All of the above

Question 15

The process by which plant biomass is converted to NH3 (ammonia) and NH4 (ammonium salts) is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  denitrification 
C)  nitrification 
D)  mineralization 
A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  denitrification 
C)  nitrification 
D)  mineralization

Question 16

Twenty kilograms per hectare is the ________ for acid deposition in Canada.

Accepted Answer

A)  PVT (policy value target) 
B)  PTV (political target value) 
C)  STV (scientific target value) 
D)  PTV (policy target value) 
A)  PVT (policy value target) 
B)  PTV (political target value) 
C)  STV (scientific target value) 
D)  PTV (policy target value)

Question 17

When the effects of acid rain became evident in Sudbury in the 1970s, the industry's main response was to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plant more durable trees 
B)  build higher smoke stacks 
C)  ban the chemicals responsible for acid rain 
D)  sell its mines 
A)  plant more durable trees 
B)  build higher smoke stacks 
C)  ban the chemicals responsible for acid rain 
D)  sell its mines

Question 18

Fish are usually the first organisms to suffer from acid deposition in aquatic environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

How do anadromous fish species affect nutrient cycling in freshwater?

Accepted Answer

Anadromous fish spend part of their life

Question 20

________ would experience the most rapid nutrient cycling between the biomass and the soil system.

Accepted Answer

A)  The temperate grassland ecosystem 
B)  The temperate forest ecosystem 
C)  The temperate wetland ecosystem 
D)  The tropical forest ecosystem 
A)  The temperate grassland ecosystem 
B)  The temperate forest ecosystem 
C)  The temperate wetland ecosystem 
D)  The tropical forest ecosystem

In tropical forests, nutrients are mainly held in the soils.

An area subject to the rainshadow effect ________.

Evapotranspiration is part of the ________.

Denitrification refers to ________.

The residence time of phosphorus in terrestrial systems can be up to ________.

The amount of moisture held in an air mass at a particular temperature compared to how much could be held if fully saturated is referred to as ________.

CO₂ uptake by plants is greatest in ________.

The following is the best example of a synergistic effect in the Great Lakes: ________.

The following is an impact of acid rain on human drinking water: ________.

The form that sulphur takes depends in part on whether there are anaerobic or aerobic bacteria present.

What are the key differences between sedimentary and gaseous biogeochemical cycles? Give an example of each.

Guano is ________.

Phosphorus is a macronutrient that is part of many organic molecules.

Disruption of biogeochemical cycles can cause ________.

The process by which plant biomass is converted to NH₃ (ammonia) and NH₄ (ammonium salts) is called ________.

Twenty kilograms per hectare is the ________ for acid deposition in Canada.

When the effects of acid rain became evident in Sudbury in the 1970s, the industry's main response was to ________.

Fish are usually the first organisms to suffer from acid deposition in aquatic environments.

How do anadromous fish species affect nutrient cycling in freshwater?

________ would experience the most rapid nutrient cycling between the biomass and the soil system.

Environment, Resources, and Society

Responding to Global Environmental Change

Energy Flows and Ecosystems

Ecosystems Are Dynamic

Planning and Management Perspectives

Planning and Management: Processes and Methods

Climate Change

Oceans and Fisheries

Forests

Agriculture

Water

Minerals and Energy

Urban Environmental Management

Endangered Species and Protected Areas

Filters

Exam 5: Ecosystems and Matter Cycling

In tropical forests, nutrients are mainly held in the soils.

An area subject to the rainshadow effect ________.

Evapotranspiration is part of the ________.

Denitrification refers to ________.

The residence time of phosphorus in terrestrial systems can be up to ________.

The amount of moisture held in an air mass at a particular temperature compared to how much could be held if fully saturated is referred to as ________.

CO2 uptake by plants is greatest in ________.

The following is the best example of a synergistic effect in the Great Lakes: ________.

The following is an impact of acid rain on human drinking water: ________.

The form that sulphur takes depends in part on whether there are anaerobic or aerobic bacteria present.

What are the key differences between sedimentary and gaseous biogeochemical cycles? Give an example of each.

Guano is ________.

Phosphorus is a macronutrient that is part of many organic molecules.

Disruption of biogeochemical cycles can cause ________.

The process by which plant biomass is converted to NH3 (ammonia) and NH4 (ammonium salts) is called ________.

Twenty kilograms per hectare is the ________ for acid deposition in Canada.

When the effects of acid rain became evident in Sudbury in the 1970s, the industry's main response was to ________.

Fish are usually the first organisms to suffer from acid deposition in aquatic environments.

How do anadromous fish species affect nutrient cycling in freshwater?

________ would experience the most rapid nutrient cycling between the biomass and the soil system.

Environment, Resources, and Society

Responding to Global Environmental Change

Energy Flows and Ecosystems

Ecosystems Are Dynamic

Planning and Management Perspectives

Planning and Management: Processes and Methods

Climate Change

Oceans and Fisheries

Forests

Agriculture

Water

Minerals and Energy

Urban Environmental Management

Endangered Species and Protected Areas

Filters

CO₂ uptake by plants is greatest in ________.

The process by which plant biomass is converted to NH₃ (ammonia) and NH₄ (ammonium salts) is called ________.