Exam 3: Energy Flows and Ecosystems

A species has been extirpated when it is ________.

________ is NOT an example of high-quality energy.

The principle that tells us that there is always a decrease in usable energy when it is transformed from one form to another is described by ________.

________ soil type covers the greatest area in Canada.

The kelp found in abundance along much of Canada's coastline belongs to the ________ kingdom.

Atlantic puffins and many other marine species declined in the 1980s as a result of the operation of an offshore ________ fishery.

Biodiversity is recognized at the following levels: ________.

As latitude decreases from the poles to the tropics, the number of species ________.

Earth's first living cells were probably ________.

Specialist species are more susceptible to population fluctuations because ________.

Parasites always kill their host.

The soil component having the smallest particle size is ________.

Tapeworms, ticks, lamprey, and mistletoe are all examples of ________.

How does the energy efficiency of ecosystems change as they mature?

For cellular respiration to occur, most organisms must have access to oxygen.

Commensalism is ________.

The sun is composed mainly of ________.

Explain the differences between parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism. Provide examples.

The layer of Earth's atmosphere that contains the ozone, which blocks out most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation, is called the ________.

Optimal foraging theory suggests that ________.