Exam 8: Race, Ethnicity, and Multiculturalism

Of the following groups, which is the largest in the U.S.?

Sociologists are confident in their statement that white privilege exists because

In the Great Migration,

What strategy did Booker T. Washington suggest for African Americans to achieve their political goals?

What was the name of the U.S. federal policy that brought Mexican workers to the U.S. to address a labor shortage brought on by World War II?

Which theory analyses modern Western-and especially American-society as structured by a historically developed "racial common sense"?

According to sociologist Herbert Gans, symbolic ethnicity turns ethnicity into a

In Chicago, almost every neighborhood is either more than 80% or less than 2% African American. This reflects a contemporary pattern of

From a sociological perspective, race is

Racial determinism is a theory that says that

At the end of the Mexican-American War,

In what decades did the academic study of ethnic groups become part of many college and university curricula?

Dac Kien owned a successful restaurant in Vietnam before he immigrated to the U.S. years ago. Now an American citizen, he wants to open a restaurant in his neighborhood, which is occupied predominantly by other Vietnamese immigrants, new citizens, and their families. Though he has an ample down payment, impeccable credit, and a steady income, the city's biggest bank refuses to lend him the money for a mortgage to purchase a building for a restaurant in his neighborhood. The mortgage lender claims that the neighborhood presents too much of a financial risk for the bank. However, Dac Kien wonders if their real concern is that they do not want to invest in a neighborhood that is predominantly non-white, a practice called

How did World War II contribute to changing understandings of race in the U.S.?

According to the US Supreme Court,

To say that race is socially constructed is to say that

Stereotypes of Asian Americans as successful, smart, hard-working, and law-abiding may feel, on the surface, positive, but the _______________ stereotype can still cause harm.

In 1950, Reggie and Teresa, an African American couple, purchased their first home. Though they had the savings, income, and credit to buy a house in a wealthy white neighborhood, they were prevented from their bank from receiving a mortgage for a home outside of an African American neighborhood. In their neighborhood, property values were lower, schools were poorly funded, public services (such as sidewalks, crosswalks, and street lights) were non-existent or poorly maintained, and police presence was high and hostile. The same year, Clifford and Judy, a white couple, purchased a house in the city's white-only section, where property values were high, schools were well-funded, public services were plentiful, and police officers were a friendly presence. Now that Reggie and Teresa and Clifford and Judy have passed away, their children are inheriting their property. What social phenomenon will make it likely that Reggie and Teresa's children will inherit less valuable property than Clifford and Judy's children?

Jean is an elderly white woman who lives alone in a house she has owned since she was in her 30s. When she bought it, her neighborhood was composed mostly of other white people, but now about one-third of the residents are African American. One day, Jean discovers a flyer taped to her front door. It is from a realtor, who promises that he will buy her house quickly. She notices that all her white neighbors-but not of her African American ones-have received similar flyers. She calls the realtor who contacted her and asks why he is interested in homes in her neighborhood. He explains that he understands that "people like her" might be noticing "unanticipated changes" in the neighborhood and might be interested in moving elsewhere, if they could find a buyer. Given the "fast pace of change" in her neighborhood, he suggests that she sell for a lower price than the value of her property. Jean is a wise person who understands how racism hurts people of all races, so she hangs up on him. Then she attends that evening's neighborhood meeting, where she warns her neighbors, both white and African American, that a realtor is attempting to _____________ in their neighborhood. The community members spend the evening brainstorming ways to combat this nefarious attempt to buy white-owned houses for low prices and then inflate the prices for African American buyers.

Which of the following is an example of what a person might say if they were expressing what Eduardo Bonilla-Silva describes as a "cultural racism" argument in his book Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in America?