Question 1

The skeptic argues that skeptical hypotheses are better explanations of our evidence than the real world hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to DeRose and Warfield, the skeptic and Moore agree over

Accepted Answer

A)  premise 1 of the skeptic's argument. 
B)  premise 2 of the skeptic's argument. 
C)  the conclusion of the skeptic's argument. 
D)  the invalidity of the skeptic's argument. 
A)  premise 1 of the skeptic's argument. 
B)  premise 2 of the skeptic's argument. 
C)  the conclusion of the skeptic's argument. 
D)  the invalidity of the skeptic's argument.

Question 3

The prisoners in the cave, Plato explains, are only acquainted with shadows and echoes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

For Hume, thought is limited.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In order to establish any firm and lasting knowledge, for Descartes, what must he do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trust in his senses 
B)  Prove that God exists 
C)  Consider what he can know if he assumes that God exists 
D)  Find something certain and indubitable that can act as a foundation for whatever one knows 
A)  Trust in his senses 
B)  Prove that God exists 
C)  Consider what he can know if he assumes that God exists 
D)  Find something certain and indubitable that can act as a foundation for whatever one knows

Question 6

Skeptical arguments are meant to show that

Accepted Answer

A)  everything we think we know is false. 
B)  certain skeptical hypotheses are probable. 
C)  our beliefs about the external world are unreliable. 
D)  we don't know what we ordinarily take ourselves to know. 
A)  everything we think we know is false. 
B)  certain skeptical hypotheses are probable. 
C)  our beliefs about the external world are unreliable. 
D)  we don't know what we ordinarily take ourselves to know.

Question 7

Graham's revision to the best explanation standard does not lead to skepticism because

Accepted Answer

A)  it assumes that the real world hypothesis is true. 
B)  skeptical hypotheses are not relevant in ordinary contexts. 
C)  it implies that there is an external world. 
D)  skeptical hypotheses are more complex than the real world hypothesis. 
A)  it assumes that the real world hypothesis is true. 
B)  skeptical hypotheses are not relevant in ordinary contexts. 
C)  it implies that there is an external world. 
D)  skeptical hypotheses are more complex than the real world hypothesis.

Question 8

What kind of knowledge does the possibility that he is dreaming raise doubts about, for Descartes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Knowledge gained from or through the senses 
B)  Knowledge about universals 
C)  Mathematical knowledge 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Knowledge gained from or through the senses 
B)  Knowledge about universals 
C)  Mathematical knowledge 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

Salmon holds that science is justified, despite the problem of induction, because it uses the hypothetico-deductive method.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

As Graham defines it, the external world consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  everything beyond the earth. 
B)  everything that is knowable. 
C)  everything outside one's conscious mind. 
D)  everything physical. 
A)  everything beyond the earth. 
B)  everything that is knowable. 
C)  everything outside one's conscious mind. 
D)  everything physical.

Question 11

The skeptic rejects the best explanation standard.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What, for Popper, distinguishes empirical scientific statements from metaphysical statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientific statements are corroborated 
B)  Metaphysical statements are falsifiable 
C)  Scientific statements are falsifiable 
D)  Scientific statements are deduced 
A)  Scientific statements are corroborated 
B)  Metaphysical statements are falsifiable 
C)  Scientific statements are falsifiable 
D)  Scientific statements are deduced

Question 13

Which of the following is Hume's definition of "cause"?

Accepted Answer

A)  An object followed by another, and whose appearance can be established a priori 
B)  An object followed by another, and whose appearance is the result of an observed internal principle 
C)  An object followed by another 
D)  An object followed by another, and whose appearance always conveys the thought to that other 
A)  An object followed by another, and whose appearance can be established a priori 
B)  An object followed by another, and whose appearance is the result of an observed internal principle 
C)  An object followed by another 
D)  An object followed by another, and whose appearance always conveys the thought to that other

Question 14

According to Descartes, which of the following best describes the soul?

Accepted Answer

A)  A body 
B)  Spiritual essence 
C)  A thinking thing 
D)  None of the above 
A)  A body 
B)  Spiritual essence 
C)  A thinking thing 
D)  None of the above

Question 15

For Descartes, God must exist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to Bertrand Russell, the real world hypothesis is better than skeptical hypotheses because

Accepted Answer

A)  the real world hypothesis is true. 
B)  God exists and would not allow us to be so massively deceived. 
C)  the real world hypothesis is simpler. 
D)  skeptical hypotheses are incredibly far-fetched. 
A)  the real world hypothesis is true. 
B)  God exists and would not allow us to be so massively deceived. 
C)  the real world hypothesis is simpler. 
D)  skeptical hypotheses are incredibly far-fetched.

The skeptic argues that skeptical hypotheses are better explanations of our evidence than the real world hypothesis.

According to DeRose and Warfield, the skeptic and Moore agree over

The prisoners in the cave, Plato explains, are only acquainted with shadows and echoes.

For Hume, thought is limited.

In order to establish any firm and lasting knowledge, for Descartes, what must he do?

Skeptical arguments are meant to show that

Graham's revision to the best explanation standard does not lead to skepticism because

What kind of knowledge does the possibility that he is dreaming raise doubts about, for Descartes?

Salmon holds that science is justified, despite the problem of induction, because it uses the hypothetico-deductive method.

As Graham defines it, the external world consists of

The skeptic rejects the best explanation standard.

What, for Popper, distinguishes empirical scientific statements from metaphysical statements?

Which of the following is Hume's definition of "cause"?

According to Descartes, which of the following best describes the soul?

For Descartes, God must exist.

According to Bertrand Russell, the real world hypothesis is better than skeptical hypotheses because

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Minds, Bodies, and Persons

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Exam 3: Knowledge and Reality

The skeptic argues that skeptical hypotheses are better explanations of our evidence than the real world hypothesis.

According to DeRose and Warfield, the skeptic and Moore agree over

The prisoners in the cave, Plato explains, are only acquainted with shadows and echoes.

For Hume, thought is limited.

In order to establish any firm and lasting knowledge, for Descartes, what must he do?

Skeptical arguments are meant to show that

Graham's revision to the best explanation standard does not lead to skepticism because

What kind of knowledge does the possibility that he is dreaming raise doubts about, for Descartes?

Salmon holds that science is justified, despite the problem of induction, because it uses the hypothetico-deductive method.

As Graham defines it, the external world consists of

The skeptic rejects the best explanation standard.

What, for Popper, distinguishes empirical scientific statements from metaphysical statements?

Which of the following is Hume's definition of "cause"?

According to Descartes, which of the following best describes the soul?

For Descartes, God must exist.

According to Bertrand Russell, the real world hypothesis is better than skeptical hypotheses because

Philosophy

God and Evil

Minds, Bodies, and Persons

Ethics and Society

Existential Issues

Filters