Exam 16: Correlation

An extent to which two variables are related across a group of participants is measured by what procedure?

When students who scored high on the Sat-V also have high GPAs, what type of relationship is this?

What effect does it have when there are exceptions to the overall trend in a relationship between two variables?

When participants with high self-concept scores have relatively low depression sores, what type of relationship is this?

In order to look for a cause-and-effect, what kind of study needs to be conducted in which different treatments are administered to the participants?

It is important to note that just because a correlation between two variables is observed, it does not necessarily indicate that there is a causal relationship between the variables.

Correlational studies show a relationship between variables. Therefore, it is generally inappropriate to infer causality from a correlational study. So such studies generally have no value.