Exam 12: Explorations in Deductive Reasoning: Categorical Logic

The I sentence is:

In a standard categorical syllogism, the minor term appears twice.

Translate the following into standard form A, E, I, or O sentences: A: All S are P (universal affirmation) E: No S are P (universal negation) I: Some S are P (particular affirmation) O: Some S are not P (particular negation) -Police officers are human beings.

Aristotle is the inventor of the method of Venn diagrams.

The Boolean interpretation differs from the Aristotelian only with respect to universal statements.

The E sentence is particular and affirmative.

The O sentence is universal and negative.

An X straddling a line on a Venn diagram means that for all we know, the object may be on either side of the line.

The O sentence is particular and negative.

Translate the following into standard form A, E, I, or O sentences: A: All S are P (universal affirmation) E: No S are P (universal negation) I: Some S are P (particular affirmation) O: Some S are not P (particular negation) -Ostriches cannot fly.

A universal statement makes a claim about all the members of a group.

A Venn diagram for a categorical syllogism contains ___ regions.

Every standard categorical syllogism contains exactly two different terms.

A term is distributed if it makes a claim about every member of a category.

Translate the following into standard form A, E, I, or O sentences: A: All S are P (universal affirmation) E: No S are P (universal negation) I: Some S are P (particular affirmation) O: Some S are not P (particular negation) -Many heavy metal rockers have long hair.

Use Venn diagrams to test the following arguments for validity. -All Ms are P. No Ss are Ms. So no S are Ps.

No standard categorical syllogism contains just one premise.

Every standard categorical syllogism contains exactly one middle term, appearing twice.

The A sentence is universal and affirmative.

An X in an area of a Venn diagram means that nothing exists in that area.