Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an object-centered cue?

Accepted Answer

A)  binocular disparity (stereopsis) 
B)  familiar size 
C)  motion parallax 
D)  proximity-luminance covariance 
A)  binocular disparity (stereopsis) 
B)  familiar size 
C)  motion parallax 
D)  proximity-luminance covariance

Question 2

The "orientation reflex" describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  our natural ability to attend to loud and distinct sounds 
B)  our natural ability to point to the north 
C)  our natural ability to stay upright while sitting 
D)  our natural ability to identify the orientation of a visual target 
A)  our natural ability to attend to loud and distinct sounds 
B)  our natural ability to point to the north 
C)  our natural ability to stay upright while sitting 
D)  our natural ability to identify the orientation of a visual target

Question 3

Transparent and translucent surfaces are common in medical imaging systems (e.g., ultrasound). How do stereoscopic displays provide an advantage for such systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  stereoscopic displays clarify which object is in front 
B)  stereoscopic displays make the translucent surfaces opaque 
C)  stereoscopic displays magnify the relevant organs 
D)  stereoscopic displays allow the observer to rotate the visual scene 
A)  stereoscopic displays clarify which object is in front 
B)  stereoscopic displays make the translucent surfaces opaque 
C)  stereoscopic displays magnify the relevant organs 
D)  stereoscopic displays allow the observer to rotate the visual scene

Question 4

What are the components of display compatibility?

Accepted Answer

Display compatibility refers to the abil

Question 5

What is a Hybrid display? Define and give examples.

Accepted Answer

A hybrid display is a type of display th

Question 6

It is useful to distinguish between two perceptual systems, direct and indirect. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of direct perception:

Accepted Answer

A)  uses ambient (peripheral) vision 
B)  uses dorsal pathways 
C)  is ecological 
D)  requires cognitive inference 
A)  uses ambient (peripheral) vision 
B)  uses dorsal pathways 
C)  is ecological 
D)  requires cognitive inference

Question 7

What factor affects edge rate but not global optical flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  traffic circles 
B)  systematic changes in texture density 
C)  splay 
D)  it is impossible to affect edge rate without affecting global optical flow. 
A)  traffic circles 
B)  systematic changes in texture density 
C)  splay 
D)  it is impossible to affect edge rate without affecting global optical flow.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an invariant?

Accepted Answer

A)  texture gradient 
B)  global optical flow 
C)  relative size 
D)  optical flow 
A)  texture gradient 
B)  global optical flow 
C)  relative size 
D)  optical flow

Question 9

When reading a graph, more mental operations generally means:

Accepted Answer

A)  less time, decreased likelihood of error 
B)  more time, decreased likelihood of error 
C)  less time, increased likelihood of error 
D)  more time, increased likelihood of error 
A)  less time, decreased likelihood of error 
B)  more time, decreased likelihood of error 
C)  less time, increased likelihood of error 
D)  more time, increased likelihood of error

Question 10

The principle of the moving part says:

Accepted Answer

A)  that the direction of movement of an indicator is compatible with the operator's mental representation of the variable 
B)  that a moving indicator should be compatible with a thermometer 
C)  that a moving pointer should move up when a categorical variable decreases 
D)  that an altimeter should place high altitudes at the top of a display 
A)  that the direction of movement of an indicator is compatible with the operator's mental representation of the variable 
B)  that a moving indicator should be compatible with a thermometer 
C)  that a moving pointer should move up when a categorical variable decreases 
D)  that an altimeter should place high altitudes at the top of a display

Question 11

Which pair of cues are consistently effective regardless of distance?

Accepted Answer

A)  binocular disparity and motion parallax 
B)  texture density and aerial perspective 
C)  occlusion and relative size 
D)  convergence and accommodation 
A)  binocular disparity and motion parallax 
B)  texture density and aerial perspective 
C)  occlusion and relative size 
D)  convergence and accommodation

Question 12

When interface elements are configured to reflect the constraints of the physical system being represented, the result is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  naïve realism 
B)  a hybrid display 
C)  an ecological interface 
D)  an integrated display 
A)  naïve realism 
B)  a hybrid display 
C)  an ecological interface 
D)  an integrated display

Question 13

Which of the following invariants is important to indicate altitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  splay 
B)  tau 
C)  edge rate 
D)  none of the above 
A)  splay 
B)  tau 
C)  edge rate 
D)  none of the above

Question 14

Point reading is best performed with:

Accepted Answer

A)  more integrated graph types 
B)  an emergent feature 
C)  more separated graph types 
D)  graphs without labels 
A)  more integrated graph types 
B)  an emergent feature 
C)  more separated graph types 
D)  graphs without labels

Question 15

The term "egomotion" means

Accepted Answer

A)  how the ego becomes more important to the self over time 
B)  how one's self importance is affected by motion through space 
C)  self motion through the environment 
D)  motion within the observed environment 
A)  how the ego becomes more important to the self over time 
B)  how one's self importance is affected by motion through space 
C)  self motion through the environment 
D)  motion within the observed environment

Question 16

Three-dimensional displays integrate information across the three spatial dimensions. What would the PCP predict about their effectiveness relative to two-dimensional co-planar displays?

Accepted Answer

A)  they should be better for tasks requiring the integration of information across dimensions (e.g., appreciation of 3D shape) 
B)  they should be better for tasks involving the layout of terrain (e.g., can I see point A from point 
B)  
C)  they should be better for tasks in which vertical and horizontal dimensions need to be assessed independently 
D)  a and b 
E)  a, b, and c 
A)  they should be better for tasks requiring the integration of information across dimensions (e.g., appreciation of 3D shape) 
B)  they should be better for tasks involving the layout of terrain (e.g., can I see point A from point 
B)  
C)  they should be better for tasks in which vertical and horizontal dimensions need to be assessed independently 
D)  a and b 
E)  a, b, and c

Question 17

Describe five depth cues. Are they object- or observer-centered? What depth cues are considered most important for display design and why?

Accepted Answer

Depth cues are visual cues that help us

Question 18

Auditory and tactile displays can be used redundantly with visual displays. Using information theory, specify why adding these modalities should improve performance.

Accepted Answer

Adding auditory and tactile displays can

Question 19

What happens when the depth scene is impoverished?

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain imposes "hypotheses" based on experience 
B)  the brain relies on stereopsis 
C)  the brain relies on motion parallax 
D)  the scene is perceived as inverted 
A)  the brain imposes "hypotheses" based on experience 
B)  the brain relies on stereopsis 
C)  the brain relies on motion parallax 
D)  the scene is perceived as inverted

Question 20

We can talk of (at least) three representations when a human interacts with a physical system: the physical system itself, the display representation, and the user's internal representation or mental model. Display compatibility refers to a compatibility between:

Accepted Answer

A)  the mental model and the display representation 
B)  the display representation and the physical representation 
C)  the physical representation and the mental model 
D)  the physical system and the internal representation 
A)  the mental model and the display representation 
B)  the display representation and the physical representation 
C)  the physical representation and the mental model 
D)  the physical system and the internal representation

Which of the following is NOT an object-centered cue?

The "orientation reflex" describes:

Transparent and translucent surfaces are common in medical imaging systems (e.g., ultrasound). How do stereoscopic displays provide an advantage for such systems?

What are the components of display compatibility?

What is a Hybrid display? Define and give examples.

It is useful to distinguish between two perceptual systems, direct and indirect. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of direct perception:

What factor affects edge rate but not global optical flow?

Which of the following is NOT an invariant?

When reading a graph, more mental operations generally means:

The principle of the moving part says:

Which pair of cues are consistently effective regardless of distance?

When interface elements are configured to reflect the constraints of the physical system being represented, the result is called:

Which of the following invariants is important to indicate altitude?

Point reading is best performed with:

The term "egomotion" means

Three-dimensional displays integrate information across the three spatial dimensions. What would the PCP predict about their effectiveness relative to two-dimensional co-planar displays?

Describe five depth cues. Are they object- or observer-centered? What depth cues are considered most important for display design and why?

Auditory and tactile displays can be used redundantly with visual displays. Using information theory, specify why adding these modalities should improve performance.

What happens when the depth scene is impoverished?

We can talk of (at least) three representations when a human interacts with a physical system: the physical system itself, the display representation, and the user's internal representation or mental model. Display compatibility refers to a compatibility between:

Research Methods

Signal Detection and Absolute Judgement

Attention in Perception and Display Space

Spatial Cognition Navigation and Manual Control

Language and Communication

Memory and Training

Decision Making

Selection of Action

Multi-Tasking

Mental Workload and Stress

Human-Automation Interaction

Filters

Exam 4: Spatial Displays

Which of the following is NOT an object-centered cue?

The "orientation reflex" describes:

Transparent and translucent surfaces are common in medical imaging systems (e.g., ultrasound). How do stereoscopic displays provide an advantage for such systems?

What are the components of display compatibility?

What is a Hybrid display? Define and give examples.

It is useful to distinguish between two perceptual systems, direct and indirect. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of direct perception:

What factor affects edge rate but not global optical flow?

Which of the following is NOT an invariant?

When reading a graph, more mental operations generally means:

The principle of the moving part says:

Which pair of cues are consistently effective regardless of distance?

When interface elements are configured to reflect the constraints of the physical system being represented, the result is called:

Which of the following invariants is important to indicate altitude?

Point reading is best performed with:

The term "egomotion" means

Three-dimensional displays integrate information across the three spatial dimensions. What would the PCP predict about their effectiveness relative to two-dimensional co-planar displays?

Describe five depth cues. Are they object- or observer-centered? What depth cues are considered most important for display design and why?

Auditory and tactile displays can be used redundantly with visual displays. Using information theory, specify why adding these modalities should improve performance.

What happens when the depth scene is impoverished?

We can talk of (at least) three representations when a human interacts with a physical system: the physical system itself, the display representation, and the user's internal representation or mental model. Display compatibility refers to a compatibility between:

Research Methods

Signal Detection and Absolute Judgement

Attention in Perception and Display Space

Spatial Cognition Navigation and Manual Control

Language and Communication

Memory and Training

Decision Making

Selection of Action

Multi-Tasking

Mental Workload and Stress

Human-Automation Interaction

Filters