Question 1

Topics such as visual perception,movement,and learning are studied by _____ psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A)  organizational 
B)  experimental 
C)  personality 
D)  biological 
A)  organizational 
B)  experimental 
C)  personality 
D)  biological

Question 2

Which level of analysis in psychology is correctly matched with an example?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural level: At low doses, cocaine can improve performance on visual attention tasks, such as detecting specific stimuli appearing on a computer screen. 
B)  Individual level: Cocaine abuse is associated with a history of violence and sexual abuse in the family. 
C)  Biological level: Cocaine exerts its effects by prolonging the presence of specific chemicals at the junctions between nerve cells. 
D)  Cultural level: Cocaine abuse is associated with high levels of the personality trait of neuroticism and with low levels of the trait of conscientiousness. 
A)  Cultural level: At low doses, cocaine can improve performance on visual attention tasks, such as detecting specific stimuli appearing on a computer screen. 
B)  Individual level: Cocaine abuse is associated with a history of violence and sexual abuse in the family. 
C)  Biological level: Cocaine exerts its effects by prolonging the presence of specific chemicals at the junctions between nerve cells. 
D)  Cultural level: Cocaine abuse is associated with high levels of the personality trait of neuroticism and with low levels of the trait of conscientiousness.

Question 3

Who first proposed that psychology should be a science of observation and experimentation in order to discover the laws of the mind?

Accepted Answer

A)  René Descartes 
B)  John Locke 
C)  John Stuart Mill 
D)  Hermann von Helmholtz 
A)  René Descartes 
B)  John Locke 
C)  John Stuart Mill 
D)  Hermann von Helmholtz

Question 4

Which of the following statements best captures the view of contemporary psychological science with respect to the origin of behavioral and mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychological disorders are best understood from an environmental- nurture-perspective. 
B)  Psychological disorders are best understood from a biological-nature-perspective. 
C)  Psychological disorders are best understood as resulting from the inseparable interaction of nature and nurture. 
D)  Psychological disorders were originally thought to be caused entirely by biological factors, but are now known to largely reflect environmental factors. 
A)  Psychological disorders are best understood from an environmental- nurture-perspective. 
B)  Psychological disorders are best understood from a biological-nature-perspective. 
C)  Psychological disorders are best understood as resulting from the inseparable interaction of nature and nurture. 
D)  Psychological disorders were originally thought to be caused entirely by biological factors, but are now known to largely reflect environmental factors.

Question 5

Dr.Growe is reading an article reporting research in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the conformity of group members.Dr.Growe is most likely reading the Journal of _____ Psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  Developmental 
B)  Social 
C)  Cultural 
D)  Personality 
A)  Developmental 
B)  Social 
C)  Cultural 
D)  Personality

Question 6

Why is critical thinking important in evaluating psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers deliberately lie about their findings. 
B)  There might be significant limitations to the findings. 
C)  Biology is the most important factor in behavior, and knowing all the elements of the biological causes for behaviors is impossible. 
D)  There is always only one clear explanation and the researchers may not have found it. 
A)  Researchers deliberately lie about their findings. 
B)  There might be significant limitations to the findings. 
C)  Biology is the most important factor in behavior, and knowing all the elements of the biological causes for behaviors is impossible. 
D)  There is always only one clear explanation and the researchers may not have found it.

Question 7

Functionalism has influenced each of the following pursuits EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  determining the function of religion 
B)  developing better ways of applying divergent thinking and creativity in the classroom 
C)  determining teaching methods based on how children's minds process information 
D)  developing reward and punishment programs and token economies 
A)  determining the function of religion 
B)  developing better ways of applying divergent thinking and creativity in the classroom 
C)  determining teaching methods based on how children's minds process information 
D)  developing reward and punishment programs and token economies

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of using critical thinking and scientific reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  believing that sugar causes ADHD because you feel hyper after eating a candy bar 
B)  concluding that listening to Mozart improves cognition in children after reading an article about this topic in a popular magazine 
C)  using a personal example to show how a psychological principle must be wrong 
D)  conducting research to investigate the effectiveness of left brain/right brain games in improving memory 
A)  believing that sugar causes ADHD because you feel hyper after eating a candy bar 
B)  concluding that listening to Mozart improves cognition in children after reading an article about this topic in a popular magazine 
C)  using a personal example to show how a psychological principle must be wrong 
D)  conducting research to investigate the effectiveness of left brain/right brain games in improving memory

Question 9

You catch your 12-year-old sister smoking.She says that she likes to smoke because her friends smoke.You tell her she does it because she is addicted.Which of the following terms correspond to the stated levels of analysis for the smoking behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural; psychological 
B)  cultural; biological 
C)  social; psychological 
D)  social; biological 
A)  cultural; psychological 
B)  cultural; biological 
C)  social; psychological 
D)  social; biological

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT one of the questions behaviorism has attempted to answer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Which is more important, nature or nurture? 
B)  Does environment influence behavior? 
C)  How can rewards and punishments influence behavior? 
D)  How can the unconscious be described by neuroscience? 
A)  Which is more important, nature or nurture? 
B)  Does environment influence behavior? 
C)  How can rewards and punishments influence behavior? 
D)  How can the unconscious be described by neuroscience?

Question 11

Workplace training and job placement would be of interest to which type of psychologist?

Accepted Answer

A)  counseling 
B)  clinical 
C)  industrial/organizational 
D)  developmental 
A)  counseling 
B)  clinical 
C)  industrial/organizational 
D)  developmental

Question 12

According to research conducted by Richard Nisbett,_____ tend to be _____ in their thinking.

Accepted Answer

A)  Western cultures; holistic 
B)  Eastern cultures; holistic 
C)  both Western and Eastern cultures; holistic 
D)  both Western and Eastern cultures; analytic 
A)  Western cultures; holistic 
B)  Eastern cultures; holistic 
C)  both Western and Eastern cultures; holistic 
D)  both Western and Eastern cultures; analytic

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an example of a question scientists might ask regarding evolutionary adaptations in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Why do people like sweets and foods high in fat? 
B)  Why do young children develop a fear of heights, as shown in visual cliff studies? 
C)  How has walking upright increased human survival? 
D)  Can you learn to adapt your note-taking style from a lecture to small-group discussion classes? 
A)  Why do people like sweets and foods high in fat? 
B)  Why do young children develop a fear of heights, as shown in visual cliff studies? 
C)  How has walking upright increased human survival? 
D)  Can you learn to adapt your note-taking style from a lecture to small-group discussion classes?

Question 14

"I think therefore I behave"-a version of Descartes' statement "I think therefore I am"-indicates the importance of _____ on behavior and would not be agreed with by a behaviorist.

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexes 
B)  mental functions 
C)  environment 
D)  the unconscious 
A)  reflexes 
B)  mental functions 
C)  environment 
D)  the unconscious

Question 15

Gestalt psychology is best seen as a reaction against the _____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalist 
B)  humanistic 
C)  psychoanalytic 
D)  structuralist 
A)  functionalist 
B)  humanistic 
C)  psychoanalytic 
D)  structuralist

Question 16

Ethnomusicology examines music preferences from the ____ level of analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  individual 
C)  social 
D)  cultural 
A)  biological 
B)  individual 
C)  social 
D)  cultural

Question 17

According to _____ theory,the brain has evolved over millions of years to solve problems related to survival and reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptational 
B)  evolutionary 
C)  nature/nurture 
D)  neurochemical 
A)  adaptational 
B)  evolutionary 
C)  nature/nurture 
D)  neurochemical

Question 18

The difference between using critical thinking explanations and everyday explanations for psychological phenomena is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  critical thinking relies on evidence and scientific support for making conclusions 
B)  everyday explanations rely on evidence and scientific support for making conclusions 
C)  critical thinking relies on personal examples more than scientific evidence for making conclusions 
D)  everyday explanations rely on personal examples and scientific evidence for making conclusions 
A)  critical thinking relies on evidence and scientific support for making conclusions 
B)  everyday explanations rely on evidence and scientific support for making conclusions 
C)  critical thinking relies on personal examples more than scientific evidence for making conclusions 
D)  everyday explanations rely on personal examples and scientific evidence for making conclusions

Question 19

Your text traces the nature/nurture debate back to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Chinese philosopher Confucius 
B)  the ancient Egyptians 
C)  Greek philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle 
D)  the Renaissance philosopher Descartes 
A)  the Chinese philosopher Confucius 
B)  the ancient Egyptians 
C)  Greek philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle 
D)  the Renaissance philosopher Descartes

Question 20

For most of human history,Western scholars believed that the mind and body were separate and that humans were unique among the animals because humans:

Accepted Answer

A)  possessed a soul 
B)  controlled other animals 
C)  were mortal 
D)  had a mind and body that interacted for a divine purpose 
A)  possessed a soul 
B)  controlled other animals 
C)  were mortal 
D)  had a mind and body that interacted for a divine purpose

Topics such as visual perception,movement,and learning are studied by _____ psychologists.

Which level of analysis in psychology is correctly matched with an example?

Who first proposed that psychology should be a science of observation and experimentation in order to discover the laws of the mind?

Which of the following statements best captures the view of contemporary psychological science with respect to the origin of behavioral and mental disorders?

Dr.Growe is reading an article reporting research in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the conformity of group members.Dr.Growe is most likely reading the Journal of _____ Psychology.

Why is critical thinking important in evaluating psychological research?

Functionalism has influenced each of the following pursuits EXCEPT:

Which of the following is an example of using critical thinking and scientific reasoning?

You catch your 12-year-old sister smoking.She says that she likes to smoke because her friends smoke.You tell her she does it because she is addicted.Which of the following terms correspond to the stated levels of analysis for the smoking behavior?

Which of the following is NOT one of the questions behaviorism has attempted to answer?

Workplace training and job placement would be of interest to which type of psychologist?

According to research conducted by Richard Nisbett,_ tend to be _ in their thinking.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a question scientists might ask regarding evolutionary adaptations in humans?

"I think therefore I behave"-a version of Descartes' statement "I think therefore I am"-indicates the importance of _____ on behavior and would not be agreed with by a behaviorist.

Gestalt psychology is best seen as a reaction against the _____ approach.

Ethnomusicology examines music preferences from the ____ level of analysis.

According to _____ theory,the brain has evolved over millions of years to solve problems related to survival and reproduction.

The difference between using critical thinking explanations and everyday explanations for psychological phenomena is that:

Your text traces the nature/nurture debate back to:

For most of human history,Western scholars believed that the mind and body were separate and that humans were unique among the animals because humans:

Research Methodology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Human Development

Emotion and Motivation

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Topics such as visual perception,movement,and learning are studied by _____ psychologists.

Which level of analysis in psychology is correctly matched with an example?

Who first proposed that psychology should be a science of observation and experimentation in order to discover the laws of the mind?

Which of the following statements best captures the view of contemporary psychological science with respect to the origin of behavioral and mental disorders?

Dr.Growe is reading an article reporting research in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the conformity of group members.Dr.Growe is most likely reading the Journal of _____ Psychology.

Why is critical thinking important in evaluating psychological research?

Functionalism has influenced each of the following pursuits EXCEPT:

Which of the following is an example of using critical thinking and scientific reasoning?

You catch your 12-year-old sister smoking.She says that she likes to smoke because her friends smoke.You tell her she does it because she is addicted.Which of the following terms correspond to the stated levels of analysis for the smoking behavior?

Which of the following is NOT one of the questions behaviorism has attempted to answer?

Workplace training and job placement would be of interest to which type of psychologist?

According to research conducted by Richard Nisbett,_____ tend to be _____ in their thinking.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a question scientists might ask regarding evolutionary adaptations in humans?

"I think therefore I behave"-a version of Descartes' statement "I think therefore I am"-indicates the importance of _____ on behavior and would not be agreed with by a behaviorist.

Gestalt psychology is best seen as a reaction against the _____ approach.

Ethnomusicology examines music preferences from the ____ level of analysis.

According to _____ theory,the brain has evolved over millions of years to solve problems related to survival and reproduction.

The difference between using critical thinking explanations and everyday explanations for psychological phenomena is that:

Your text traces the nature/nurture debate back to:

For most of human history,Western scholars believed that the mind and body were separate and that humans were unique among the animals because humans:

Research Methodology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Human Development

Emotion and Motivation

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

According to research conducted by Richard Nisbett,_ tend to be _ in their thinking.