Exam 9: Development and Underdevelopment

The text asserts that approximately 95 percent of the New World's population was decimated within a short time after contact with Europeans. How did this happen?

How have countries such as Argentina, Ecuador, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Brazil worked on their economic development goals?

After a heated discussion on economic development strategies for countries in the global south, your friend retorts, "You're a neoliberalist" and then leaves. Explain what your friend meant by labelling you a neoliberalist.

According to Jared Diamond, historically, which of the following factors can account for uneven development around the world?

Some analysts argue that development has served to support world capitalism, while other analysts argue that genuine development cannot occur within the confines of capitalism.

Once it became politically impossible for the United States to provide military aid, training, and support for Guatemala and its pro-American regime, which country stepped in to help?

Which of the following strategies was employed by the United States in relation to Latin America from the 1950s to 1970s?

Janeen asserts that neoliberal policies have benefited Country X and its citizens, basing her argument on the economic success indicators of the country. Joseph posits that neoliberal policies have led to the deterioration of Country X, with citizens experiencing the detrimental effects of air pollution, water pollution, and increased crime and violence. What is the basis for Joseph's argument?

The bailout of the global south countries facing a debt crisis was based on the structural adjustment programs of the IMF and the World Bank.

Estate agriculture greatly facilitated the development of Third World economies.

When asked to provide a possible explanation for the underdevelopment in most African countries, Tashia asserts that it is a result of their historical colonization. Which development theory supports this notion?

In Country X, the land-owning elite were powerful enough to influence the government. The subsequent removal of tariffs by the government, while benefitting the landowners, negatively impacted the local company Acme Manufacturing. As a result, Acme Manufacturing was no longer financially viable and had to shut down. Which term describes the policy that was enacted by the government?

Julianne argues that the solutions to economic problems in a country can be found in the private market. Her assertion reflects the position of which economist?

A worker lives on a large piece of land in a southern country where thousands of others are making a subsistence living. Sugar cane is being grown and the land is owned by a wealthy British family. All of the sugar is being exported to Europe. Where is this worker living?

It has been said that Aboriginal communities within Canada are reminiscent of a "Third World country" within a "First World nation." Utilizing the knowledge and understanding that you have acquired as a result of studying this chapter, describe the parallels between what has transpired, or is transpiring, within the global south countries and what has occurred, or is occurring, within Canada in regards to our Aboriginal population.

Milton Friedman's economic ideas greatly impacted neoliberal policies of development.

Alberto Santos is a Brazilian citizen and has witnessed the impact of neoliberal policies in his country. When asked to describe what position the citizens have adopted, which of the following would he reply?

In 1996, military police in Brazil killed 22 landless workers who were protesting for agrarian reform, equality, justice, and peace. Every year on the anniversary of the massacre, organizations commemorate the International Day of Peasant Struggle as part of efforts to achieve the same goals as the 22 workers. What aspect of neoliberalism do these protests call attention to?

When a manufacturer ceased operations in Canada, 350 factory employees lost their jobs and the town was severely and negatively impacted by the loss of its biggest employer. The company then established production facilities in India where the workers are paid less and there are fewer workplace regulations. Which of the following terms best describes this corporation's action?

Rather than pay Renato a high money wage, his employer gives Renato land to till for his own use. However, without a good wage, Renato does not have money to spend on manufactured goods, which then reduces the success of local small industry. This arrangement would encourage which of the following economic situations in Renato's homeland?