Question 1

A field of argument

Accepted Answer

A) is a social or professional context in which people argue 
B) is the basic unit of argument 
C) establishes the tests we apply to determine the quality of information used to prove arguments 
D) is static and unchanging once established. 
A) is a social or professional context in which people argue 
B) is the basic unit of argument 
C) establishes the tests we apply to determine the quality of information used to prove arguments 
D) is static and unchanging once established.

Question 2

Presumption describes what exists; it does not pass judgment on what exists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Why is inherency crucial to constructing a prima facie case?

Accepted Answer

A) Advocates must identify the cause(s) of a problem or a need for knowledge. 
B) Advocates must determine whether inherency is "structural" or "attitudinal" because attitudinal inherency can be more difficult to overcome. 
C) We take it as a given that if the cause of a problem cannot be found, we cannot determine how to solve it; if there is nothing to stimulate a quest for knowledge, we are unlikely to search for it. 
D) We generally recognize that because the advocate seeks change, she has a more difficult task because she is required to use cause-effect reasoning. 
A) Advocates must identify the cause(s) of a problem or a need for knowledge. 
B) Advocates must determine whether inherency is "structural" or "attitudinal" because attitudinal inherency can be more difficult to overcome. 
C) We take it as a given that if the cause of a problem cannot be found, we cannot determine how to solve it; if there is nothing to stimulate a quest for knowledge, we are unlikely to search for it. 
D) We generally recognize that because the advocate seeks change, she has a more difficult task because she is required to use cause-effect reasoning.

Question 4

A stock issue is a standard question or set of questions that may be applied to a proposition to determine what will be argued.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The basic mental structure of the reasoning process is one of the elements in argumentation that is field invariant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

For a prima facie argument to exist, the advocate must demonstrate the inability of a belief or behavior to self-correct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When we use argumentation to test a hypothesis, presumption is

Accepted Answer

A) artificial. 
B) natural. 
C) not employed. 
D) assigned to the advocate. 
A) artificial. 
B) natural. 
C) not employed. 
D) assigned to the advocate.

Question 8

Natural presumption is established by observing the order of nature or common practice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Argumentation can be characterized as being

Accepted Answer

A) directed toward an audience. 
B) political in nature. 
C) self-reflexive. 
D) All of the above 
A) directed toward an audience. 
B) political in nature. 
C) self-reflexive. 
D) All of the above

Question 10

The concept of inherency suggests that the reason for change is the consequence of some shortcoming in existing beliefs or behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

When someone has presented a prima facie case, it is the same as saying that they have assumed the burden of

Accepted Answer

A) rebuttal. 
B) presumption. 
C) refutation. 
D) proof. 
A) rebuttal. 
B) presumption. 
C) refutation. 
D) proof.

Question 12

The burden of proof always falls upon the party who asks for a change in existing belief or behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The term prima facie argument refers to the responsibility of the:

Accepted Answer

A) opponent to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is valid. 
B) advocate to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is valid. 
C) opponent to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is invalid. 
D) advocate to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is invalid. 
A) opponent to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is valid. 
B) advocate to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is valid. 
C) opponent to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is invalid. 
D) advocate to present arguments which are sufficient to convince a reasonable person that the proposition is invalid.

Question 14

The burden of proof always falls upon the arguer who has the benefit of presumption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The burden of proof is the logical opposite of

Accepted Answer

A) presumption. 
B) inherency. 
C) topicality. 
D) a prima facie case. 
A) presumption. 
B) inherency. 
C) topicality. 
D) a prima facie case.

Question 16

The concept of inherency identifies the contested ground over which argumentation takes place.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

It is necessary to determine who has presumption in argumentation in order to determine who has the burden of proving a change is necessary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

When using natural presumption as a tool for audience analysis, it is advisable to ask such questions as

Accepted Answer

A) to what groups do members of the audience belong. 
B) to what sources of information do audience members accord deference. 
C) what is the popular or unpopular opinion on a particular subject. 
D) All of the above 
A) to what groups do members of the audience belong. 
B) to what sources of information do audience members accord deference. 
C) what is the popular or unpopular opinion on a particular subject. 
D) All of the above

Question 19

Artificial presumption is established through law or government practice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The benefit of presumption is granted to

Accepted Answer

A) the advocate. 
B) the opponent. 
C) the proposition for argumentation. 
D) the focus of the locus. 
A) the advocate. 
B) the opponent. 
C) the proposition for argumentation. 
D) the focus of the locus.

A field of argument

Presumption describes what exists; it does not pass judgment on what exists.

Why is inherency crucial to constructing a prima facie case?

A stock issue is a standard question or set of questions that may be applied to a proposition to determine what will be argued.

The basic mental structure of the reasoning process is one of the elements in argumentation that is field invariant.

For a prima facie argument to exist, the advocate must demonstrate the inability of a belief or behavior to self-correct.

When we use argumentation to test a hypothesis, presumption is

Natural presumption is established by observing the order of nature or common practice.

Argumentation can be characterized as being

The concept of inherency suggests that the reason for change is the consequence of some shortcoming in existing beliefs or behaviors.

When someone has presented a prima facie case, it is the same as saying that they have assumed the burden of

The burden of proof always falls upon the party who asks for a change in existing belief or behavior.

The term prima facie argument refers to the responsibility of the:

The burden of proof always falls upon the arguer who has the benefit of presumption.

The burden of proof is the logical opposite of

The concept of inherency identifies the contested ground over which argumentation takes place.

It is necessary to determine who has presumption in argumentation in order to determine who has the burden of proving a change is necessary.

When using natural presumption as a tool for audience analysis, it is advisable to ask such questions as

Artificial presumption is established through law or government practice.

The benefit of presumption is granted to

What Is Argumentation

What Am I Going to Argue About

How Do I Analyze Propositions

How Is a Unit of Argument Created

How Do I Prove My Argument

How Do I Reason With My Audience

What Should I Avoid

How Are Factual Propositions Argued

How Are Propositions of Value Argued

How Are Propositions of Policy Argued

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Exam 2: Where Do I Begin in Argumentation

A field of argument

Presumption describes what exists; it does not pass judgment on what exists.

Why is inherency crucial to constructing a prima facie case?

A stock issue is a standard question or set of questions that may be applied to a proposition to determine what will be argued.

The basic mental structure of the reasoning process is one of the elements in argumentation that is field invariant.

For a prima facie argument to exist, the advocate must demonstrate the inability of a belief or behavior to self-correct.

When we use argumentation to test a hypothesis, presumption is

Natural presumption is established by observing the order of nature or common practice.

Argumentation can be characterized as being

The concept of inherency suggests that the reason for change is the consequence of some shortcoming in existing beliefs or behaviors.

When someone has presented a prima facie case, it is the same as saying that they have assumed the burden of

The burden of proof always falls upon the party who asks for a change in existing belief or behavior.

The term prima facie argument refers to the responsibility of the:

The burden of proof always falls upon the arguer who has the benefit of presumption.

The burden of proof is the logical opposite of

The concept of inherency identifies the contested ground over which argumentation takes place.

It is necessary to determine who has presumption in argumentation in order to determine who has the burden of proving a change is necessary.

When using natural presumption as a tool for audience analysis, it is advisable to ask such questions as

Artificial presumption is established through law or government practice.

The benefit of presumption is granted to

What Is Argumentation

What Am I Going to Argue About

How Do I Analyze Propositions

How Is a Unit of Argument Created

How Do I Prove My Argument

How Do I Reason With My Audience

What Should I Avoid

How Are Factual Propositions Argued

How Are Propositions of Value Argued

How Are Propositions of Policy Argued

Filters