Question 1

The expected utility theory highlights

Accepted Answer

A)  payoff and probability. 
B)  cost and benefits. 
C)  input and output. 
D)  rationality and irrationality. 
A)  payoff and probability. 
B)  cost and benefits. 
C)  input and output. 
D)  rationality and irrationality.

Question 2

What are the major factors President Obama's foreign policy team had to consider before launching the successful SEALS team raid that killed Osama bin Laden in 2011? Discuss these factors at length, while considering them in light of the bureaucratic politics model of decision making and groupthink.

Accepted Answer

President Obama's foreign policy team ha

Question 3

What was the ultimate goal of the Schlieffen Plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  To disable Soviet ballistic missiles in Cuba before they became operational 
B)  To defeat France while Russia was still mobilizing its forces 
C)  To cutoff funds for U.S. forces in Vietnam before significant new forces were mobilized 
D)  None of the above is true. 
A)  To disable Soviet ballistic missiles in Cuba before they became operational 
B)  To defeat France while Russia was still mobilizing its forces 
C)  To cutoff funds for U.S. forces in Vietnam before significant new forces were mobilized 
D)  None of the above is true.

Question 4

The Pentagon Papers were

Accepted Answer

A)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the origins of the Iraq War that raised serious questions about U.S. involvement in the war. 
B)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the origins of the Vietnam War that raised serious questions about U.S. involvement in the war. 
C)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the decreasing role of the Pentagon in foreign economic policy and the plan to increase that role. 
D)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the effect of Watergate on the Pentagon. 
A)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the origins of the Iraq War that raised serious questions about U.S. involvement in the war. 
B)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the origins of the Vietnam War that raised serious questions about U.S. involvement in the war. 
C)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the decreasing role of the Pentagon in foreign economic policy and the plan to increase that role. 
D)  a series of secret Defense Department reports on the effect of Watergate on the Pentagon.

Question 5

An important finding of prospect theory suggests that individuals

Accepted Answer

A)  are more willing to take risks to achieve a gain than to avoid a loss. 
B)  are unable to make a rational decision in a moment of crisis. 
C)  never waver from the way cost-benefit decisions are made. 
D)  are more willing to take risks to avoid a loss than to achieve a gain. 
A)  are more willing to take risks to achieve a gain than to avoid a loss. 
B)  are unable to make a rational decision in a moment of crisis. 
C)  never waver from the way cost-benefit decisions are made. 
D)  are more willing to take risks to avoid a loss than to achieve a gain.

Question 6

Public confidence in this U.S. president was harmed irreparably when a bold raid to free U.S. hostages in Iran failed in 1979.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ronald Reagan 
B)  Bill Clinton 
C)  Gerald Ford 
D)  Jimmy Carter 
A)  Ronald Reagan 
B)  Bill Clinton 
C)  Gerald Ford 
D)  Jimmy Carter

Question 7

In 2003, the State Department

Accepted Answer

A)  favored the diplomatic process in its dealings with Iraq. 
B)  favored intervention in Iraq. 
C)  supported the Defense department in its decision to use force in Iraq. 
D)  felt that they could successfully handle the aftermath of the war in Iraq. 
A)  favored the diplomatic process in its dealings with Iraq. 
B)  favored intervention in Iraq. 
C)  supported the Defense department in its decision to use force in Iraq. 
D)  felt that they could successfully handle the aftermath of the war in Iraq.

Question 8

Bolstering occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  a decision maker attempts to convince themselves they made the right choice after an agonizing decision. 
B)  the legislative branch shows strong support for a foreign policy decision. 
C)  a small group of decision makers looks to a group leader for a decision. 
D)  a decision maker knows they made the wrong decision but works to convince themselves that it was the right one. 
A)  a decision maker attempts to convince themselves they made the right choice after an agonizing decision. 
B)  the legislative branch shows strong support for a foreign policy decision. 
C)  a small group of decision makers looks to a group leader for a decision. 
D)  a decision maker knows they made the wrong decision but works to convince themselves that it was the right one.

Question 9

Describe the influence of the three branches of U.S. government on U.S. foreign policy. Which one is most influential, and why?

Accepted Answer

The three branches of the U.S. governmen

Question 10

According to the text, Winston Churchill served as

Accepted Answer

A)  president of the Board of Trade, arguing against greater spending on the British navy. 
B)  First Lord of the Admiralty and supported the need to substantially increase the navy's budget. 
C)  Chancellor of the Exchequer, while advocating for a reduced budgetary allotment for the British navy. 
D)  All of the above are true. 
A)  president of the Board of Trade, arguing against greater spending on the British navy. 
B)  First Lord of the Admiralty and supported the need to substantially increase the navy's budget. 
C)  Chancellor of the Exchequer, while advocating for a reduced budgetary allotment for the British navy. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 11

Which of the following was not a reason that Pakistan was outraged at the U.S. killing of Osama bin Laden?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pakistan was embarrassed that bin Laden was living in one of its cities. 
B)  Pakistan was disgusted with the large number of civilian deaths that accompanied the SEALS team raid. 
C)  U.S. forces were able to fly undetected deep into Pakistani territory. 
D)  The U.S. government did not trust Pakistan enough to share intelligence on the matter. 
A)  Pakistan was embarrassed that bin Laden was living in one of its cities. 
B)  Pakistan was disgusted with the large number of civilian deaths that accompanied the SEALS team raid. 
C)  U.S. forces were able to fly undetected deep into Pakistani territory. 
D)  The U.S. government did not trust Pakistan enough to share intelligence on the matter.

Question 12

The groupthink process undermines one of the most important requirements of rational decision making, which is

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcing the teamwork of a group. 
B)  fair and even-handed analysis of all options. 
C)  allowing the leader to assert himself/herself in the decision-making process. 
D)  focusing on the one option that wins all the support of the group. 
A)  reinforcing the teamwork of a group. 
B)  fair and even-handed analysis of all options. 
C)  allowing the leader to assert himself/herself in the decision-making process. 
D)  focusing on the one option that wins all the support of the group.

Question 13

Since leaders seek to avoid psychological stress after making a decision, leaders hope to convince themselves that the decision actually was the correct one. This psychological concept is called

Accepted Answer

A)  appeasement. 
B)  rational action. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  bolstering. 
A)  appeasement. 
B)  rational action. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  bolstering.

Question 14

The organizational process model

Accepted Answer

A)  focuses on organizations competing for power and budgets. 
B)  studies the results of the battles between bureaucracies. 
C)  assumes a rational model of decision making. 
D)  examines the problem-solving procedures adopted by organizations. 
A)  focuses on organizations competing for power and budgets. 
B)  studies the results of the battles between bureaucracies. 
C)  assumes a rational model of decision making. 
D)  examines the problem-solving procedures adopted by organizations.

Question 15

Discuss the assumptions of the bureaucratic politics model of decision making. What are the model's main strengths as well as weaknesses? Are you convinced that it helps us to understand why foreign policy decisions are made?

Accepted Answer

The bureaucratic politics model of decis

Question 16

Foreign policy studies generally focus on the executive branch of the government for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A)  the only legitimate foreign policy authority is the executive. 
B)  foreign policy requires a single voice abroad. 
C)  many constitutions specify the executive as the head of government. 
D)  most foreign policy negotiations are headed by the head of state. 
A)  the only legitimate foreign policy authority is the executive. 
B)  foreign policy requires a single voice abroad. 
C)  many constitutions specify the executive as the head of government. 
D)  most foreign policy negotiations are headed by the head of state.

Question 17

The discomfort that results when a new piece of information does not fit with existing beliefs is called

Accepted Answer

A)  unmotivated bias. 
B)  positive spin. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  cognitive dissonance. 
A)  unmotivated bias. 
B)  positive spin. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  cognitive dissonance.

Question 18

Attribution theory posits that

Accepted Answer

A)  leaders seek confirmation of their views in the view of others. 
B)  behavior can be explained by a decision-maker's model of how the world works. 
C)  decision makers attribute their decisions based on the context of reality. 
D)  followers seek attribution in the decisions of leaders. 
A)  leaders seek confirmation of their views in the view of others. 
B)  behavior can be explained by a decision-maker's model of how the world works. 
C)  decision makers attribute their decisions based on the context of reality. 
D)  followers seek attribution in the decisions of leaders.

Question 19

Where do many analysts believe that groupthink took place?

Accepted Answer

A)  The decision-making process prior to the war in Vietnam 
B)  The decision-making process prior to the Bay of Pigs 
C)  The decision-making process prior to the intervention in Somalia 
D)  The decision-making process prior to the 2003 invasion in Iraq 
A)  The decision-making process prior to the war in Vietnam 
B)  The decision-making process prior to the Bay of Pigs 
C)  The decision-making process prior to the intervention in Somalia 
D)  The decision-making process prior to the 2003 invasion in Iraq

Question 20

How can psychology help us to understand foreign policy decision making? How is the application of psychology to foreign policy decision making limited?

Accepted Answer

Psychology can help us understand foreig

The expected utility theory highlights

What are the major factors President Obama's foreign policy team had to consider before launching the successful SEALS team raid that killed Osama bin Laden in 2011? Discuss these factors at length, while considering them in light of the bureaucratic politics model of decision making and groupthink.

What was the ultimate goal of the Schlieffen Plan?

The Pentagon Papers were

An important finding of prospect theory suggests that individuals

Public confidence in this U.S. president was harmed irreparably when a bold raid to free U.S. hostages in Iran failed in 1979.

In 2003, the State Department

Bolstering occurs when

Describe the influence of the three branches of U.S. government on U.S. foreign policy. Which one is most influential, and why?

According to the text, Winston Churchill served as

Which of the following was not a reason that Pakistan was outraged at the U.S. killing of Osama bin Laden?

The groupthink process undermines one of the most important requirements of rational decision making, which is

Since leaders seek to avoid psychological stress after making a decision, leaders hope to convince themselves that the decision actually was the correct one. This psychological concept is called

The organizational process model

Discuss the assumptions of the bureaucratic politics model of decision making. What are the model's main strengths as well as weaknesses? Are you convinced that it helps us to understand why foreign policy decisions are made?

Foreign policy studies generally focus on the executive branch of the government for all of the following reasons except

The discomfort that results when a new piece of information does not fit with existing beliefs is called

Attribution theory posits that

Where do many analysts believe that groupthink took place?

How can psychology help us to understand foreign policy decision making? How is the application of psychology to foreign policy decision making limited?

Introduction: Problems and Questions in International Politics

The Historical Evolution of International Politics

Theories of International Relations: Realism and Liberalism

Theories of International Relations: Economic Structuralism, Constructivism, and Feminism

The State, Society, and Foreign Policy

International Organizations and Transnational Actors

International Insecurity and the Causes of War and Peace

The Use of Force

Fundamentals of International Political Economy

The Globalization of Trade and Finance

The Problem of Global Inequality

International Law, Norms, and Human Rights

The Global Environment and International Politics

Conclusion: Power and Purpose in a Changing World

Filters

Exam 6: Bureaucracies, Groups, and Individuals in the Foreign Policy Process

The expected utility theory highlights

What was the ultimate goal of the Schlieffen Plan?

The Pentagon Papers were

An important finding of prospect theory suggests that individuals

Public confidence in this U.S. president was harmed irreparably when a bold raid to free U.S. hostages in Iran failed in 1979.

In 2003, the State Department

Bolstering occurs when

Describe the influence of the three branches of U.S. government on U.S. foreign policy. Which one is most influential, and why?

According to the text, Winston Churchill served as

Which of the following was not a reason that Pakistan was outraged at the U.S. killing of Osama bin Laden?

The groupthink process undermines one of the most important requirements of rational decision making, which is

Since leaders seek to avoid psychological stress after making a decision, leaders hope to convince themselves that the decision actually was the correct one. This psychological concept is called

The organizational process model

Discuss the assumptions of the bureaucratic politics model of decision making. What are the model's main strengths as well as weaknesses? Are you convinced that it helps us to understand why foreign policy decisions are made?

Foreign policy studies generally focus on the executive branch of the government for all of the following reasons except

The discomfort that results when a new piece of information does not fit with existing beliefs is called

Attribution theory posits that

Where do many analysts believe that groupthink took place?

How can psychology help us to understand foreign policy decision making? How is the application of psychology to foreign policy decision making limited?

Introduction: Problems and Questions in International Politics

The Historical Evolution of International Politics

Theories of International Relations: Realism and Liberalism

Theories of International Relations: Economic Structuralism, Constructivism, and Feminism

The State, Society, and Foreign Policy

International Organizations and Transnational Actors

International Insecurity and the Causes of War and Peace

The Use of Force

Fundamentals of International Political Economy

The Globalization of Trade and Finance

The Problem of Global Inequality

International Law, Norms, and Human Rights

The Global Environment and International Politics

Conclusion: Power and Purpose in a Changing World

Filters