Exam 2: Njuries in Sport: How the Body Behaves Under Load

Which type of bone tissue is laid down where no bone tissue has existed before, and comprises of several types of bone that differ morphologically, physiologically and in their mechanical properties?

As the knee reaches full extension the tibia externally rotates to lock the knee into the meniscus, the ACL acts to resist hyperextension and becomes taught. What is the common anatomical term for this phenomenon?

The bone-patellar tendon-bone graft is considered the gold standard in ACL reconstruction but it does have its disadvantages, which include:

Because of its rapid growth and its high cell-to-bone volume ratio, it is believed that the purpose of _______bone is to provide a mechanical support to a fractured bone by way of splint.

The Achilles tendon is one of the largest and strongest tendons in the body and is responsible for transmitting large loads. What is the range of loads reported for the Achilles?

Impingement syndrome is a common overuse injury of the shoulder. There are several mechanisms that may lead to this condition including:

Rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon from its insertion on the distal phalanx is called:

The knee is a simple hinge joint that is subject to compression and shear forces during everyday activities. Which of the following anatomical facts regarding the knee joint is correct?

Our muscle strength tends to peak between age 20 and 30 then plateaus until around age 50 where strength begins to decline. The strength loss between ages 20 and 70 has been estimated to be around, what percentage?

When there is a direct impact to a muscle, that muscle experiences a large compression force as it is compressed between the impacting object and the underlying bone. What is this type of direct impact injury called?

An intramuscular contusion is most problematic because the build up of fluid within the muscle sheath can lead to increased pressure within the muscle, known as?

It has been hypothesised that the hamstrings are most susceptible to injury during which phase of running.

This elbow injury is caused by repetitive microtrauma to the insertion of the extensor muscles?

The most common inciting incident for injuries to the wrist and forearm is FOOSH. What does FOOSH stand for?

This condition and may be caused by the muscles of the tensor fascia lata or gluteus maximus translating back and forth over the greater trochanter.

Jumper's knee is a common tendinopathy in volleyball, basketball and netball caused by chronic overuse of the __________.

From a mechanical perspective bone fails secondary to shear, tension, compression, bending, torsion, or combined loading and the fracture morphology reflects the failure mode. In a transverse fracture what is the common failure mode?

Due to its lack of vascular, nerve and lymphatic supply, articular cartilage is dependent on exchange of _______________ for nutrients, oxygen and repair.

A progressive disorder of the joints caused by gradual wearing of cartilage with eventual exposure of subchondral bone which leads to the development of bony spurs and cysts at the margins of the joints is typically referred to as____________.

From a mechanical perspective bone fails secondary to shear, tension, compression, bending, torsion, or combined loading and the fracture morphology reflects the failure mode. In a diaphyseal impaction fracture what is the common failure mode?