Question 1

All of the following are characteristics of people who are likely to rise to leadership positions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  group-relevant expertise. 
B)  strong social skills. 
C)  a lack of inhibition. 
D)  generosity. 
A)  group-relevant expertise. 
B)  strong social skills. 
C)  a lack of inhibition. 
D)  generosity. C

Question 2

Imagine that your favorite team has just won the Super Bowl. According to research on deindividuation, which of the following psychological conditions have to be met to turn the revelers into a destructive mob?

Accepted Answer

A)  anonymity 
B)  arousal 
C)  sensory deprivation 
D)  Both a and b are correct. 
A)  anonymity 
B)  arousal 
C)  sensory deprivation 
D)  Both a and b are correct. D

Question 3

Give an example of a situation that can lead to deindividuation. Describe three of the antecedent conditions of deindividuation that are present in the example situation.

Accepted Answer

Examples will vary. Three examples emphasized in the textbook are suicide baiting, the conduct of war, and Halloween mayhem. Also mentioned are harvest rites in agrarian cultures, carnivals in religious societies, galas and festivals throughout history, and modern rock concerts. Antecedent conditions involve the following: 1) anonymity as a result of blending in to a large group (or wearing masks and other disguises); 2) the diffusion of responsibility that occurs when there are many people to share the blame; 3) the energizing effects of others, which increases physiological arousal; and 4) sensory/stimulus overload.

Question 4

Research suggests that ________ are common characteristics of people who are likely to go on to gain power, whereas ________ are common characteristics of people who already have power.

Accepted Answer

A)  generosity and social skills; self-interest and a lack of empathy 
B)  self-interest and a lack of empathy; generosity and social skills 
C)  caution and inhibition; self-interest and a lack of empathy 
D)  self-interest and a lack of empathy; caution and inhibition 
A)  generosity and social skills; self-interest and a lack of empathy 
B)  self-interest and a lack of empathy; generosity and social skills 
C)  caution and inhibition; self-interest and a lack of empathy 
D)  self-interest and a lack of empathy; caution and inhibition

Question 5

Evan is inclined to support the pro-choice position on abortion. He used to talk about abortion with a wide range of friends with different views. Then he stumbled on an Internet bulletin board that is visited almost exclusively by people who are pro-choice. Once this happened, he restricted his discussions on abortion with the other bulletin board members. According to social psychological research, Evan's attitude toward abortion is likely to become more

Accepted Answer

A)  heterogeneous. 
B)  ambivalent. 
C)  extreme. 
D)  moderate. 
A)  heterogeneous. 
B)  ambivalent. 
C)  extreme. 
D)  moderate.

Question 6

Consider the following quote by Gustav Le Bon: "Whoever be the individuals that compose it, however like or unlike be their mode of life . . . their character, or their intelligence, the fact that they have been transformed into a crowd puts them in possession of a sort of collective mind." This quote best illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing. 
B)  mere exposure. 
C)  deindividuation. 
D)  self-consciousness. 
A)  social loafing. 
B)  mere exposure. 
C)  deindividuation. 
D)  self-consciousness.

Question 7

________ is to deindividuation as ________ is to self-awareness.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wearing a mask; seeing oneself in a mirror 
B)  Playing a game; solving a problem 
C)  Inhibition; self-control 
D)  Being photographed; wearing a name tag 
A)  Wearing a mask; seeing oneself in a mirror 
B)  Playing a game; solving a problem 
C)  Inhibition; self-control 
D)  Being photographed; wearing a name tag

Question 8

According to ________ theory, being aware of another person's presence divides our attention between this person and the task at hand. This division of attention is arousing, which explains why people perform better on well-learned tasks in the presence of others.

Accepted Answer

A)  deindividuation 
B)  mere presence 
C)  evaluation apprehension 
D)  distraction-conflict 
A)  deindividuation 
B)  mere presence 
C)  evaluation apprehension 
D)  distraction-conflict

Question 9

Explain the role that physiological arousal plays in social facilitation and deindividuation.

Accepted Answer

In social facilitation, physiological ar

Question 10

The spotlight effect involves

Accepted Answer

A)  wanting more attention from others than one typically receives. 
B)  perceiving oneself in an unrealistically favorable light. 
C)  overestimating the degree to which one's appearance and behavior are noticed by others. 
D)  remembering social experiences better than solitary experiences. 
A)  wanting more attention from others than one typically receives. 
B)  perceiving oneself in an unrealistically favorable light. 
C)  overestimating the degree to which one's appearance and behavior are noticed by others. 
D)  remembering social experiences better than solitary experiences.

Question 11

According to self-awareness theory, which of the following conditions is most likely to prompt you to behave in accordance with your own moral standards?

Accepted Answer

A)  observing yourself in a mirror 
B)  watching a television news broadcast 
C)  listening to friends talk about their morals 
D)  observing other people's immoral behavior 
A)  observing yourself in a mirror 
B)  watching a television news broadcast 
C)  listening to friends talk about their morals 
D)  observing other people's immoral behavior

Question 12

Tom finds solving math problems easy. According to the research reviewed in the textbook, when Tom solves math problems in the presence of others (as opposed to alone), his

Accepted Answer

A)  performance is likely to suffer. 
B)  inhibitions are likely to decrease. 
C)  performance is likely to improve. 
D)  fear of negative evaluation is likely to increase. 
A)  performance is likely to suffer. 
B)  inhibitions are likely to decrease. 
C)  performance is likely to improve. 
D)  fear of negative evaluation is likely to increase.

Question 13

Describe the physiological and behavioral effects of assuming high-power physical poses. How might you use this knowledge to design an intervention aimed at increasing confidence in people who are preparing for a job interview?

Accepted Answer

Research conducted by Dana Carney and he

Question 14

Raymond is in a position where he is able to control his own outcomes and those of others. Which of the following terms best describes what Raymond possesses?

Accepted Answer

A)  status 
B)  power 
C)  authority 
D)  dominance 
A)  status 
B)  power 
C)  authority 
D)  dominance

Question 15

Distinguish between states of deindividuation and individuation/self-awareness. For each, give an example of a study that shows how this state affects social behavior.

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation involves a reduced sense

Question 16

A detested political dictator can be thought to have ________ without________.

Accepted Answer

A)  status; power 
B)  power; status 
C)  status; authority 
D)  power; authority 
A)  status; power 
B)  power; status 
C)  status; authority 
D)  power; authority

Question 17

Michael is exceptionally good at Ping-Pong. According to research on social facilitation, when good players such as Michael know they are being watched while they play, they perform

Accepted Answer

A)  better than good players who do not know they are being watched. 
B)  worse than bad players who do not know they are being watched. 
C)  the same as good players who do not know they are being watched. 
D)  the same as bad players who know they are being watched. 
A)  better than good players who do not know they are being watched. 
B)  worse than bad players who do not know they are being watched. 
C)  the same as good players who do not know they are being watched. 
D)  the same as bad players who know they are being watched.

Question 18

Robert Zajonc found that the mere presence of others tends to facilitate performance ________, but to hinder performance ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  on novel tasks; on well-learned tasks 
B)  on well-learned tasks; on novel tasks 
C)  among women; among men 
D)  among men; among women 
A)  on novel tasks; on well-learned tasks 
B)  on well-learned tasks; on novel tasks 
C)  among women; among men 
D)  among men; among women

Question 19

Groupthink can be very powerful in interdependent cultures, such as in Japan, where the drive toward group harmony is especially strong. Despite this tendency toward groupthink, Japanese companies tend to be highly effective. According to the textbook, what practice might help to explain this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Colleagues often engage in staged debates and someone plays "devil's advocate." 
B)  After the CEO states his or her opinion, he or she asks employees to engage in an open discussion. 
C)  CEOs meet individually with employees to discuss the relevant issues before a decision is made. 
D)  CEOs make decisions alone. 
A)  Colleagues often engage in staged debates and someone plays "devil's advocate." 
B)  After the CEO states his or her opinion, he or she asks employees to engage in an open discussion. 
C)  CEOs meet individually with employees to discuss the relevant issues before a decision is made. 
D)  CEOs make decisions alone.

Question 20

Which of the following statements captures the persuasive arguments account of why group polarization occurs? Discussing an issue in a group

Accepted Answer

A)  exposes group members to even more arguments in favor of the position that the average group member was already inclined to take. 
B)  exposes group members to arguments that contradict their original positions. 
C)  gives each person a chance to state his or her opinion out loud, which increases his or her commitment to that opinion. 
D)  increases group members' motivation to reach a consensus. 
A)  exposes group members to even more arguments in favor of the position that the average group member was already inclined to take. 
B)  exposes group members to arguments that contradict their original positions. 
C)  gives each person a chance to state his or her opinion out loud, which increases his or her commitment to that opinion. 
D)  increases group members' motivation to reach a consensus.

All of the following are characteristics of people who are likely to rise to leadership positions EXCEPT

Imagine that your favorite team has just won the Super Bowl. According to research on deindividuation, which of the following psychological conditions have to be met to turn the revelers into a destructive mob?

Give an example of a situation that can lead to deindividuation. Describe three of the antecedent conditions of deindividuation that are present in the example situation.

Research suggests that are common characteristics of people who are likely to go on to gain power, whereas are common characteristics of people who already have power.

is to deindividuation as is to self-awareness.

According to ________ theory, being aware of another person's presence divides our attention between this person and the task at hand. This division of attention is arousing, which explains why people perform better on well-learned tasks in the presence of others.

Explain the role that physiological arousal plays in social facilitation and deindividuation.

The spotlight effect involves

According to self-awareness theory, which of the following conditions is most likely to prompt you to behave in accordance with your own moral standards?

Tom finds solving math problems easy. According to the research reviewed in the textbook, when Tom solves math problems in the presence of others (as opposed to alone), his

Describe the physiological and behavioral effects of assuming high-power physical poses. How might you use this knowledge to design an intervention aimed at increasing confidence in people who are preparing for a job interview?

Raymond is in a position where he is able to control his own outcomes and those of others. Which of the following terms best describes what Raymond possesses?

Distinguish between states of deindividuation and individuation/self-awareness. For each, give an example of a study that shows how this state affects social behavior.

A detested political dictator can be thought to have without.

Michael is exceptionally good at Ping-Pong. According to research on social facilitation, when good players such as Michael know they are being watched while they play, they perform

Robert Zajonc found that the mere presence of others tends to facilitate performance , but to hinder performance .

Groupthink can be very powerful in interdependent cultures, such as in Japan, where the drive toward group harmony is especially strong. Despite this tendency toward groupthink, Japanese companies tend to be highly effective. According to the textbook, what practice might help to explain this?

Which of the following statements captures the persuasive arguments account of why group polarization occurs? Discussing an issue in a group

An Invitation to Social Psychology

The Methods of Social Psychology

The Social Self

Social Cognition: Thinking About People and Situations

Social Attribution: Explaining Behavior

Emotion

Attitudes, Behavior, and Rationalization

Persuasion

Social Influence

Relationships and Attraction

Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Aggression

Altruism and Cooperation

Application Module-Social Psychology and Health

Application Module- Social Psychology and Personal Finance

Application Module- Social Psychology and Education

Application Module- Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Exam 12: Groups

All of the following are characteristics of people who are likely to rise to leadership positions EXCEPT

Imagine that your favorite team has just won the Super Bowl. According to research on deindividuation, which of the following psychological conditions have to be met to turn the revelers into a destructive mob?

Give an example of a situation that can lead to deindividuation. Describe three of the antecedent conditions of deindividuation that are present in the example situation.

Research suggests that ________ are common characteristics of people who are likely to go on to gain power, whereas ________ are common characteristics of people who already have power.

________ is to deindividuation as ________ is to self-awareness.

According to ________ theory, being aware of another person's presence divides our attention between this person and the task at hand. This division of attention is arousing, which explains why people perform better on well-learned tasks in the presence of others.

Explain the role that physiological arousal plays in social facilitation and deindividuation.

The spotlight effect involves

According to self-awareness theory, which of the following conditions is most likely to prompt you to behave in accordance with your own moral standards?

Tom finds solving math problems easy. According to the research reviewed in the textbook, when Tom solves math problems in the presence of others (as opposed to alone), his

Describe the physiological and behavioral effects of assuming high-power physical poses. How might you use this knowledge to design an intervention aimed at increasing confidence in people who are preparing for a job interview?

Raymond is in a position where he is able to control his own outcomes and those of others. Which of the following terms best describes what Raymond possesses?

Distinguish between states of deindividuation and individuation/self-awareness. For each, give an example of a study that shows how this state affects social behavior.

A detested political dictator can be thought to have ________ without________.

Michael is exceptionally good at Ping-Pong. According to research on social facilitation, when good players such as Michael know they are being watched while they play, they perform

Robert Zajonc found that the mere presence of others tends to facilitate performance ________, but to hinder performance ________.

Groupthink can be very powerful in interdependent cultures, such as in Japan, where the drive toward group harmony is especially strong. Despite this tendency toward groupthink, Japanese companies tend to be highly effective. According to the textbook, what practice might help to explain this?

Which of the following statements captures the persuasive arguments account of why group polarization occurs? Discussing an issue in a group

An Invitation to Social Psychology

The Methods of Social Psychology

The Social Self

Social Cognition: Thinking About People and Situations

Social Attribution: Explaining Behavior

Emotion

Attitudes, Behavior, and Rationalization

Persuasion

Social Influence

Relationships and Attraction

Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Aggression

Altruism and Cooperation

Application Module-Social Psychology and Health

Application Module- Social Psychology and Personal Finance

Application Module- Social Psychology and Education

Application Module- Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Research suggests that are common characteristics of people who are likely to go on to gain power, whereas are common characteristics of people who already have power.

is to deindividuation as is to self-awareness.

A detested political dictator can be thought to have without.

Robert Zajonc found that the mere presence of others tends to facilitate performance , but to hinder performance .