Question 1

Johann, a low-achieving student, is placed in a mixed-ability group. Research shows that Johann will

Accepted Answer

A)  be intimidated by the higher achievers. 
B)  benefit socially and intellectually from the mixed grouping. 
C)  stifle the achievement of the higher achievers. 
D)  feel that he is superior to the higher achievers. 
A)  be intimidated by the higher achievers. 
B)  benefit socially and intellectually from the mixed grouping. 
C)  stifle the achievement of the higher achievers. 
D)  feel that he is superior to the higher achievers.

Question 2

While out shopping, Mrs. Salveson becomes upset with her teenage daughter's sarcastic responses to her questions. Understanding the concept of the imaginary audience, how would you advise Mrs. Salveson to react to her daughter's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Address the problem immediately when it happens to avoid the likelihood of it recurring. 
B)  Wait until she can speak to her daughter alone, and address the problem then. 
C)  Ignore the behavior and hope that it will disappear as she matures. 
D)  Have another respected adult, like a teacher or counselor, deal with the behavior. 
A)  Address the problem immediately when it happens to avoid the likelihood of it recurring. 
B)  Wait until she can speak to her daughter alone, and address the problem then. 
C)  Ignore the behavior and hope that it will disappear as she matures. 
D)  Have another respected adult, like a teacher or counselor, deal with the behavior.

Question 3

American high school students who work many hours a week and hold a heavy commitment to their job

Accepted Answer

A)  usually have stimulating, well-paid jobs. 
B)  do better in school than their unemployed counterparts. 
C)  tend to be depressed and disliked by peers. 
D)  earn lower grades and report more drug and alcohol use. 
A)  usually have stimulating, well-paid jobs. 
B)  do better in school than their unemployed counterparts. 
C)  tend to be depressed and disliked by peers. 
D)  earn lower grades and report more drug and alcohol use.

Question 4

Elizabeth has developed an idea of what the "perfect family" should look and act like and constantly criticizes her siblings and parents when they do not measure up. Elizabeth's parents should

Accepted Answer

A)  ignore her comments and hope she outgrows this behavior as she matures. 
B)  use authoritarian child-rearing techniques and punish her after every critical remark. 
C)  develop a hierarchy of negative consequences that should be implemented immediately after each critical remark. 
D)  respond patiently to her remarks, but point out the positive features of each family member to help her see that all people are blends of virtues and imperfections. 
A)  ignore her comments and hope she outgrows this behavior as she matures. 
B)  use authoritarian child-rearing techniques and punish her after every critical remark. 
C)  develop a hierarchy of negative consequences that should be implemented immediately after each critical remark. 
D)  respond patiently to her remarks, but point out the positive features of each family member to help her see that all people are blends of virtues and imperfections.

Question 5

As teenagers become sure that others are observing and thinking about them, they start to feel special and unique. This feature of adolescent thought is called

Accepted Answer

A)  propositional reasoning. 
B)  the imaginary audience. 
C)  the personal fable. 
D)  rule assessment. 
A)  propositional reasoning. 
B)  the imaginary audience. 
C)  the personal fable. 
D)  rule assessment.

Question 6

When making decisions, adolescents are likely to emphasize _____________ over _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term goals; long-term goals. 
B)  logic; irrationality. 
C)  metaevaluation. 
D)  source monitoring. 
A)  short-term goals; long-term goals. 
B)  logic; irrationality. 
C)  metaevaluation. 
D)  source monitoring.

Question 7

Accumulating evidence on high-stakes testing indicates that it

Accepted Answer

A)  often undermines the quality of education. 
B)  provides motivation for upgrading teaching and learning. 
C)  encourages teachers to focus on more in-depth, critical thinking tasks in their lessons. 
D)  accurately indicates the academic abilities of students. 
A)  often undermines the quality of education. 
B)  provides motivation for upgrading teaching and learning. 
C)  encourages teachers to focus on more in-depth, critical thinking tasks in their lessons. 
D)  accurately indicates the academic abilities of students.

Question 8

The heart of scientific reasoning is

Accepted Answer

A)  coordinating theories with evidence. 
B)  designing experiments. 
C)  developing hypotheses. 
D)  conducting statistical analyses of data. 
A)  coordinating theories with evidence. 
B)  designing experiments. 
C)  developing hypotheses. 
D)  conducting statistical analyses of data.

Question 9

Compared to students in an academic program, students in general education and vocational tracks are ________ likely to drop out.

Accepted Answer

A)  no more 
B)  three times as 
C)  six times as 
D)  ten times as 
A)  no more 
B)  three times as 
C)  six times as 
D)  ten times as

Question 10

During the ________ phase of the ________ period of vocational development, an individual typically gathers more information about a set of possibilities that blends with his or her personal characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A)  exploration; fantasy 
B)  exploration; tentative 
C)  crystallization; realistic 
D)  exploration; realistic 
A)  exploration; fantasy 
B)  exploration; tentative 
C)  crystallization; realistic 
D)  exploration; realistic

Question 11

Research shows that in adolescence, the ability to understand proverbs is positively related to

Accepted Answer

A)  peer acceptance. 
B)  spatial skills. 
C)  reading proficiency. 
D)  interest in political issues. 
A)  peer acceptance. 
B)  spatial skills. 
C)  reading proficiency. 
D)  interest in political issues.

Question 12

Frequent media multitaskers may find it difficult to

Accepted Answer

A)  utilize implicit memory. 
B)  focus on more than one task at a time. 
C)  ignore irrelevant stimuli in the environment. 
D)  shift attention from one task to another. 
A)  utilize implicit memory. 
B)  focus on more than one task at a time. 
C)  ignore irrelevant stimuli in the environment. 
D)  shift attention from one task to another.

Question 13

A recent study showed that seventh-grade students who moved into eighth-grade classes that emphasized competition and public comparison of students

Accepted Answer

A)  performed better academically than peers in classrooms that emphasized cooperation and mutual respect. 
B)  showed increased perseverance and improved study habits. 
C)  showed declines in motivation and self-regulation. 
D)  showed better attendance than peers in classrooms that emphasized cooperation and shared classroom control. 
A)  performed better academically than peers in classrooms that emphasized cooperation and mutual respect. 
B)  showed increased perseverance and improved study habits. 
C)  showed declines in motivation and self-regulation. 
D)  showed better attendance than peers in classrooms that emphasized cooperation and shared classroom control.

Question 14

Charquinta is trying to solve a scientific problem and applies logic more effectively to the theory that she doubts than to the theory that she favors. Charquinta

Accepted Answer

A)  is lacking in scientific reasoning skills. 
B)  has acquired scientific reasoning skills. 
C)  has developed the metacognitive capacity to evaluate her own objectivity. 
D)  has developed a flexible, open-minded approach to cognitive problem-solving. 
A)  is lacking in scientific reasoning skills. 
B)  has acquired scientific reasoning skills. 
C)  has developed the metacognitive capacity to evaluate her own objectivity. 
D)  has developed a flexible, open-minded approach to cognitive problem-solving.

Question 15

Twelve-year-old Alicia hears the following: "A spoon is something that can be used to stir. Suppose something is not a spoon. Can it be used to stir?" Alicia will

Accepted Answer

A)  say that she needs to see the object in question. 
B)  be able to reason correctly after hearing the statement. 
C)  say "no." 
D)  say "only if it is a fork." 
A)  say that she needs to see the object in question. 
B)  be able to reason correctly after hearing the statement. 
C)  say "no." 
D)  say "only if it is a fork."

Question 16

High school work-study programs are related to

Accepted Answer

A)  positive school and work attitudes. 
B)  good teacher and peer relations. 
C)  poor achievement. 
D)  high dropout rates among low-income youths. 
A)  positive school and work attitudes. 
B)  good teacher and peer relations. 
C)  poor achievement. 
D)  high dropout rates among low-income youths.

Question 17

Six-year-old children can understand that hypotheses must be confirmed by the appropriate evidence, and they can sort out evidence concerning ________ variable(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  only one 
B)  one or two 
C)  three 
D)  four or more 
A)  only one 
B)  one or two 
C)  three 
D)  four or more

Question 18

Ashley has just graduated from sixth grade; in the fall, she will be starting junior high school. Based on what you have learned about the impact of school transitions, what can you predict about Ashley's adjustment at her new school? Suggest ways to minimize the stress of these changes.

Accepted Answer

School transitions can create adjustment

Question 19

Many students at risk for dropping out benefit from

Accepted Answer

A)  remedial instruction in small classes. 
B)  greater emotional distance from teachers. 
C)  less focus on vocations and more emphasis on basic academics. 
D)  larger classes where they feel less "on the spot." 
A)  remedial instruction in small classes. 
B)  greater emotional distance from teachers. 
C)  less focus on vocations and more emphasis on basic academics. 
D)  larger classes where they feel less "on the spot."

Question 20

Women's progress entering and excelling at male-dominated professions has been

Accepted Answer

A)  slow. 
B)  moderate. 
C)  rapid. 
D)  nonexistent. 
A)  slow. 
B)  moderate. 
C)  rapid. 
D)  nonexistent.

Johann, a low-achieving student, is placed in a mixed-ability group. Research shows that Johann will

While out shopping, Mrs. Salveson becomes upset with her teenage daughter's sarcastic responses to her questions. Understanding the concept of the imaginary audience, how would you advise Mrs. Salveson to react to her daughter's behavior?

American high school students who work many hours a week and hold a heavy commitment to their job

Elizabeth has developed an idea of what the "perfect family" should look and act like and constantly criticizes her siblings and parents when they do not measure up. Elizabeth's parents should

As teenagers become sure that others are observing and thinking about them, they start to feel special and unique. This feature of adolescent thought is called

When making decisions, adolescents are likely to emphasize _ over ___

Accumulating evidence on high-stakes testing indicates that it

The heart of scientific reasoning is

Compared to students in an academic program, students in general education and vocational tracks are ________ likely to drop out.

During the phase of the period of vocational development, an individual typically gathers more information about a set of possibilities that blends with his or her personal characteristics.

Research shows that in adolescence, the ability to understand proverbs is positively related to

Frequent media multitaskers may find it difficult to

A recent study showed that seventh-grade students who moved into eighth-grade classes that emphasized competition and public comparison of students

Charquinta is trying to solve a scientific problem and applies logic more effectively to the theory that she doubts than to the theory that she favors. Charquinta

Twelve-year-old Alicia hears the following: "A spoon is something that can be used to stir. Suppose something is not a spoon. Can it be used to stir?" Alicia will

High school work-study programs are related to

Six-year-old children can understand that hypotheses must be confirmed by the appropriate evidence, and they can sort out evidence concerning ________ variable(s).

Ashley has just graduated from sixth grade; in the fall, she will be starting junior high school. Based on what you have learned about the impact of school transitions, what can you predict about Ashley's adjustment at her new school? Suggest ways to minimize the stress of these changes.

Many students at risk for dropping out benefit from

Women's progress entering and excelling at male-dominated professions has been

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

Exam 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Johann, a low-achieving student, is placed in a mixed-ability group. Research shows that Johann will

While out shopping, Mrs. Salveson becomes upset with her teenage daughter's sarcastic responses to her questions. Understanding the concept of the imaginary audience, how would you advise Mrs. Salveson to react to her daughter's behavior?

American high school students who work many hours a week and hold a heavy commitment to their job

Elizabeth has developed an idea of what the "perfect family" should look and act like and constantly criticizes her siblings and parents when they do not measure up. Elizabeth's parents should

As teenagers become sure that others are observing and thinking about them, they start to feel special and unique. This feature of adolescent thought is called

When making decisions, adolescents are likely to emphasize _____________ over _______________

Accumulating evidence on high-stakes testing indicates that it

The heart of scientific reasoning is

Compared to students in an academic program, students in general education and vocational tracks are ________ likely to drop out.

During the ________ phase of the ________ period of vocational development, an individual typically gathers more information about a set of possibilities that blends with his or her personal characteristics.

Research shows that in adolescence, the ability to understand proverbs is positively related to

Frequent media multitaskers may find it difficult to

A recent study showed that seventh-grade students who moved into eighth-grade classes that emphasized competition and public comparison of students

Charquinta is trying to solve a scientific problem and applies logic more effectively to the theory that she doubts than to the theory that she favors. Charquinta

Twelve-year-old Alicia hears the following: "A spoon is something that can be used to stir. Suppose something is not a spoon. Can it be used to stir?" Alicia will

High school work-study programs are related to

Six-year-old children can understand that hypotheses must be confirmed by the appropriate evidence, and they can sort out evidence concerning ________ variable(s).

Ashley has just graduated from sixth grade; in the fall, she will be starting junior high school. Based on what you have learned about the impact of school transitions, what can you predict about Ashley's adjustment at her new school? Suggest ways to minimize the stress of these changes.

Many students at risk for dropping out benefit from

Women's progress entering and excelling at male-dominated professions has been

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

When making decisions, adolescents are likely to emphasize _ over ___

During the phase of the period of vocational development, an individual typically gathers more information about a set of possibilities that blends with his or her personal characteristics.