Question 1

Which of the following is true about children's questions?

Accepted Answer

A)  With age, preschoolers increasingly ask about function, activity, state, and theory of mind. 
B)  At every age between 1 and 5 years, non-information-seeking questions are more often used than information-seeking questions. 
C)  Children do not begin asking questions until they have the vocabulary to formulate sentences. 
D)  Inquisitive children are more often merely clamoring for attention than seeking real answers to their questions. 
A)  With age, preschoolers increasingly ask about function, activity, state, and theory of mind. 
B)  At every age between 1 and 5 years, non-information-seeking questions are more often used than information-seeking questions. 
C)  Children do not begin asking questions until they have the vocabulary to formulate sentences. 
D)  Inquisitive children are more often merely clamoring for attention than seeking real answers to their questions. A

Question 2

Studies of literacy development show that

Accepted Answer

A)  the more informal literacy experiences young children have, the better their later reading skills. 
B)  even young preschoolers are able to distinguish drawing from writing. 
C)  the best method to teach children to read is the phonics approach. 
D)  interactive reading hinders preschoolers' developing understanding of sound-word correspondences. 
A)  the more informal literacy experiences young children have, the better their later reading skills. 
B)  even young preschoolers are able to distinguish drawing from writing. 
C)  the best method to teach children to read is the phonics approach. 
D)  interactive reading hinders preschoolers' developing understanding of sound-word correspondences. A

Question 3

Evaluations of children who experience Jumpstart show

Accepted Answer

A)  IQ gains of 10 to 15 points over a single academic year. 
B)  gains in language, literacy, task persistence, and social skills. 
C)  greater gains in social skills than academic skills. 
D)  that children from middle-SES homes show the greatest long-term gains. 
A)  IQ gains of 10 to 15 points over a single academic year. 
B)  gains in language, literacy, task persistence, and social skills. 
C)  greater gains in social skills than academic skills. 
D)  that children from middle-SES homes show the greatest long-term gains. B

Question 4

Ethnographic research has revealed that young Yucatec Mayan children

Accepted Answer

A)  rarely imitate adult work in their make-believe play. 
B)  and Western children display impressive similarities in their make-believe play. 
C)  decide for themselves how much to sleep and eat. 
D)  tend to frequently display attention-getting behaviors. 
A)  rarely imitate adult work in their make-believe play. 
B)  and Western children display impressive similarities in their make-believe play. 
C)  decide for themselves how much to sleep and eat. 
D)  tend to frequently display attention-getting behaviors.

Question 5

After a trip to the supermarket, Raj asks his daughter, "Do you remember the supermarket? What did we do at the supermarket? What food did we buy at the supermarket?" Raj is using a(n) __________ style to elicit his daughter's autobiographical memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  deliberate 
B)  repetitive 
C)  reconstructive 
D)  elaborative 
A)  deliberate 
B)  repetitive 
C)  reconstructive 
D)  elaborative

Question 6

According to research, preschoolers' poor performance on appearance versus reality tasks occurs because they

Accepted Answer

A)  have an immature cerebral cortex. 
B)  have trouble with the language of these tasks. 
C)  are involved frequently in fantasy and pretend play. 
D)  have a general difficulty in distinguishing appearance from reality. 
A)  have an immature cerebral cortex. 
B)  have trouble with the language of these tasks. 
C)  are involved frequently in fantasy and pretend play. 
D)  have a general difficulty in distinguishing appearance from reality.

Question 7

On average, a low-SES child is read to for a total of _____ hours during the preschool years, a higher-SES child for ______ hours.

Accepted Answer

A)  25; 100 
B)  25; 1,000 
C)  250; 500 
D)  250; 1,000 
A)  25; 100 
B)  25; 1,000 
C)  250; 500 
D)  250; 1,000

Question 8

After a field trip to the museum, Leslie asks her son, "What was the first thing we did? Why weren't the trains moving? I thought that the pink airplane was really big. What did you think?" Leslie is using a(n) ________ style to elicit her son's autobiographical memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  deliberative 
B)  repetitive 
C)  reconstructive 
D)  elaborative 
A)  deliberative 
B)  repetitive 
C)  reconstructive 
D)  elaborative

Question 9

Compared to Yucatec Mayan preschoolers, Western preschoolers are

Accepted Answer

A)  less sophisticated with make-believe play. 
B)  more able to sit quietly for long periods. 
C)  more autonomous. 
D)  less competent at self-care. 
A)  less sophisticated with make-believe play. 
B)  more able to sit quietly for long periods. 
C)  more autonomous. 
D)  less competent at self-care.

Question 10

When young children converse with adults, they ask

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly non-information-seeking questions. 
B)  more than one question per minute, on average. 
C)  comparatively few information-seeking questions. 
D)  relatively few purposeful questions. 
A)  mostly non-information-seeking questions. 
B)  more than one question per minute, on average. 
C)  comparatively few information-seeking questions. 
D)  relatively few purposeful questions.

Question 11

Follow-up research indicates that by the second half of the first year, children have formed a variety of global categories, such as animals and vehicles. These findings challenge Piaget's assumption that

Accepted Answer

A)  preschoolers' thinking is wholly governed by appearances. 
B)  the emergence of language brings about representational ability. 
C)  preschoolers have difficulty distinguishing fantasy from reality. 
D)  transitive inference emerges during the concrete operational stage. 
A)  preschoolers' thinking is wholly governed by appearances. 
B)  the emergence of language brings about representational ability. 
C)  preschoolers have difficulty distinguishing fantasy from reality. 
D)  transitive inference emerges during the concrete operational stage.

Question 12

Some neo-Piagetian theorists combine Piaget's stage approach with the ________ emphasis on task-specific changes.

Accepted Answer

A)  ecological systems 
B)  information-processing 
C)  dynamic systems 
D)  Vygotskian 
A)  ecological systems 
B)  information-processing 
C)  dynamic systems 
D)  Vygotskian

Question 13

After a family camping trip, Rollie's mother asks him to tell his grandmother about the trip. Rollie's response represents

Accepted Answer

A)  metacognitive knowledge. 
B)  a script. 
C)  recognition memory. 
D)  autobiographical memory. 
A)  metacognitive knowledge. 
B)  a script. 
C)  recognition memory. 
D)  autobiographical memory.

Question 14

Which of the following is a common criticism of Vygotsky's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It underemphasizes the role of verbal communication. 
B)  It overemphasizes the development of basic cognitive processes. 
C)  It places too much emphasis on how elementary capacities spark changes in children's social experiences. 
D)  It says too little about how basic cognitive skills contribute to socially transmitted higher cognitive processes. 
A)  It underemphasizes the role of verbal communication. 
B)  It overemphasizes the development of basic cognitive processes. 
C)  It places too much emphasis on how elementary capacities spark changes in children's social experiences. 
D)  It says too little about how basic cognitive skills contribute to socially transmitted higher cognitive processes.

Question 15

Four-year-old Martha uses shorter, simpler expressions when interacting with her 2-year-old brother. This example suggests that Piaget may have

Accepted Answer

A)  overestimated preschoolers' animistic thinking. 
B)  overestimated preschoolers' egocentrism. 
C)  underestimated preschoolers' animistic thinking. 
D)  underestimated preschoolers' egocentrism. 
A)  overestimated preschoolers' animistic thinking. 
B)  overestimated preschoolers' egocentrism. 
C)  underestimated preschoolers' animistic thinking. 
D)  underestimated preschoolers' egocentrism.

Question 16

Piaget believed that through __________, young children practice and strengthen newly acquired representational schemes.

Accepted Answer

A)  logical reasoning 
B)  language acquisition 
C)  pretending 
D)  physical activity 
A)  logical reasoning 
B)  language acquisition 
C)  pretending 
D)  physical activity

Question 17

List strategies for supporting emergent literacy in early childhood, and explain why each strategy is useful.

Accepted Answer

-Provide literacy-rich home and preschoo

Question 18

According to ____________, preschoolers discover many word meanings by observing how words are used in the structure of sentences.

Accepted Answer

A)  fast mapping 
B)  semantic bootstrapping 
C)  mutual exclusivity 
D)  syntactic bootstrapping 
A)  fast mapping 
B)  semantic bootstrapping 
C)  mutual exclusivity 
D)  syntactic bootstrapping

Question 19

According to __________ theory, when given challenging problems, children try out various strategies and observe which work best, which work less well, and which are ineffective.

Accepted Answer

A)  overlapping-waves 
B)  metacognitive 
C)  false-belief 
D)  mindblindness 
A)  overlapping-waves 
B)  metacognitive 
C)  false-belief 
D)  mindblindness

Question 20

Most research indicates that young children use private speech

Accepted Answer

A)  because they have difficulty with perspective taking. 
B)  when they are engaged in cooperative dialogues. 
C)  when tasks are appropriately challenging. 
D)  when they cannot find a conversational partner. 
A)  because they have difficulty with perspective taking. 
B)  when they are engaged in cooperative dialogues. 
C)  when tasks are appropriately challenging. 
D)  when they cannot find a conversational partner.

Which of the following is true about children's questions?

Studies of literacy development show that

Evaluations of children who experience Jumpstart show

Ethnographic research has revealed that young Yucatec Mayan children

After a trip to the supermarket, Raj asks his daughter, "Do you remember the supermarket? What did we do at the supermarket? What food did we buy at the supermarket?" Raj is using a(n) __________ style to elicit his daughter's autobiographical memory.

According to research, preschoolers' poor performance on appearance versus reality tasks occurs because they

On average, a low-SES child is read to for a total of _ hours during the preschool years, a higher-SES child for __ hours.

After a field trip to the museum, Leslie asks her son, "What was the first thing we did? Why weren't the trains moving? I thought that the pink airplane was really big. What did you think?" Leslie is using a(n) ________ style to elicit her son's autobiographical memory.

Compared to Yucatec Mayan preschoolers, Western preschoolers are

When young children converse with adults, they ask

Follow-up research indicates that by the second half of the first year, children have formed a variety of global categories, such as animals and vehicles. These findings challenge Piaget's assumption that

Some neo-Piagetian theorists combine Piaget's stage approach with the ________ emphasis on task-specific changes.

After a family camping trip, Rollie's mother asks him to tell his grandmother about the trip. Rollie's response represents

Which of the following is a common criticism of Vygotsky's theory?

Four-year-old Martha uses shorter, simpler expressions when interacting with her 2-year-old brother. This example suggests that Piaget may have

Piaget believed that through __________, young children practice and strengthen newly acquired representational schemes.

List strategies for supporting emergent literacy in early childhood, and explain why each strategy is useful.

According to ____________, preschoolers discover many word meanings by observing how words are used in the structure of sentences.

According to __________ theory, when given challenging problems, children try out various strategies and observe which work best, which work less well, and which are ineffective.

Most research indicates that young children use private speech

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

Exam 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Which of the following is true about children's questions?

Studies of literacy development show that

Evaluations of children who experience Jumpstart show

Ethnographic research has revealed that young Yucatec Mayan children

After a trip to the supermarket, Raj asks his daughter, "Do you remember the supermarket? What did we do at the supermarket? What food did we buy at the supermarket?" Raj is using a(n) __________ style to elicit his daughter's autobiographical memory.

According to research, preschoolers' poor performance on appearance versus reality tasks occurs because they

On average, a low-SES child is read to for a total of _____ hours during the preschool years, a higher-SES child for ______ hours.

After a field trip to the museum, Leslie asks her son, "What was the first thing we did? Why weren't the trains moving? I thought that the pink airplane was really big. What did you think?" Leslie is using a(n) ________ style to elicit her son's autobiographical memory.

Compared to Yucatec Mayan preschoolers, Western preschoolers are

When young children converse with adults, they ask

Follow-up research indicates that by the second half of the first year, children have formed a variety of global categories, such as animals and vehicles. These findings challenge Piaget's assumption that

Some neo-Piagetian theorists combine Piaget's stage approach with the ________ emphasis on task-specific changes.

After a family camping trip, Rollie's mother asks him to tell his grandmother about the trip. Rollie's response represents

Which of the following is a common criticism of Vygotsky's theory?

Four-year-old Martha uses shorter, simpler expressions when interacting with her 2-year-old brother. This example suggests that Piaget may have

Piaget believed that through __________, young children practice and strengthen newly acquired representational schemes.

List strategies for supporting emergent literacy in early childhood, and explain why each strategy is useful.

According to ____________, preschoolers discover many word meanings by observing how words are used in the structure of sentences.

According to __________ theory, when given challenging problems, children try out various strategies and observe which work best, which work less well, and which are ineffective.

Most research indicates that young children use private speech

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

On average, a low-SES child is read to for a total of _ hours during the preschool years, a higher-SES child for __ hours.