Question 1

If we have committed a Type II error, we have

Accepted Answer

A)  used the wrong alpha level. 
B)  claimed a treatment to be effective when it wasn't. 
C)  failed to recognize a treatment that was effective. 
D)  rejected a null hypothesis that was actually true. 
A)  used the wrong alpha level. 
B)  claimed a treatment to be effective when it wasn't. 
C)  failed to recognize a treatment that was effective. 
D)  rejected a null hypothesis that was actually true. C

Question 2

Step 2 of the hypothesis testing procedure instructs us to

Accepted Answer

A)  calculate the relevant statistics. 
B)  indicate the alpha level and determine critical values. 
C)  formulate our hypotheses. 
D)  make a decision and report the results. 
A)  calculate the relevant statistics. 
B)  indicate the alpha level and determine critical values. 
C)  formulate our hypotheses. 
D)  make a decision and report the results. B

Question 3

Obtained sample values that fall in the rejection region of a sampling distribution

Accepted Answer

A)  have a high probability of occurrence if H₀ is true. 
B)  have a low probability of occurrence if H₀ is true. 
C)  suggest that the independent variable was effective. 
D)  both "b" and "c" are true. 
A)  have a high probability of occurrence if H₀ is true. 
B)  have a low probability of occurrence if H₀ is true. 
C)  suggest that the independent variable was effective. 
D)  both "b" and "c" are true. D

Question 4

The score that marks the beginning of the rejection area in a sampling distribution is the

Accepted Answer

A)  obtained z-score. 
B)  obtained sample mean. 
C)  population mean. 
D)  critical value. 
A)  obtained z-score. 
B)  obtained sample mean. 
C)  population mean. 
D)  critical value.

Question 5

A non-directional alternative hypotheses for a z-test can be represented as

Accepted Answer

A)  H₁: μ ≤ 60. 
B)  H₁: μ ≠ 60. 
C)  H₁: μ ≥ 60. 
D)  either "a" or "c" above. 
A)  H₁: μ ≤ 60. 
B)  H₁: μ ≠ 60. 
C)  H₁: μ ≥ 60. 
D)  either "a" or "c" above.

Question 6

If our obtained sample mean falls in the critical region of a sampling distribution, have we gained support for H₀ or H₁? Explain.

Accepted Answer

H₁ is supported if our obtained sample m

Question 7

Given zcrit = -2.33, which of the following obtained z-values will result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  zobt = +2.40 
B)  zobt = -2.40 
C)  zobt = +2.09 
D)  zobt = -2.09 
A)  zobt = +2.40 
B)  zobt = -2.40 
C)  zobt = +2.09 
D)  zobt = -2.09

Question 8

A researcher is on the verge of a breakthrough for a medical procedure that has little risk but that could be of great benefit to patients. What alpha level should she choose?

Accepted Answer

A)  .05 
B)  .02 
C)  .01 
D)  .001 
A)  .05 
B)  .02 
C)  .01 
D)  .001

Question 9

Step four of the hypothesis testing procedure involves

Accepted Answer

A)  stating the hypothesis. 
B)  determining critical values. 
C)  calculating the statistics. 
D)  making a decision and reporting the results. 
A)  stating the hypothesis. 
B)  determining critical values. 
C)  calculating the statistics. 
D)  making a decision and reporting the results.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the alpha level is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a probability level. 
B)  It is a population parameter. 
C)  It defines the point at which H₀ should be rejected. 
D)  It defines the point at which the critical region begins. 
A)  It is a probability level. 
B)  It is a population parameter. 
C)  It defines the point at which H₀ should be rejected. 
D)  It defines the point at which the critical region begins.

Question 11

If zcrit = ±2.33 and zobt = +2.12, the correct statistical decision would be to ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  retain H₁ 
B)  fail to reject H₁ 
C)  reject H₀ 
D)  fail to reject H₀ 
A)  retain H₁ 
B)  fail to reject H₁ 
C)  reject H₀ 
D)  fail to reject H₀

Question 12

Procedures that test hypotheses about populations are called

Accepted Answer

A)  parametric tests. 
B)  statistical tests. 
C)  empirical tests. 
D)  descriptive statistics. 
A)  parametric tests. 
B)  statistical tests. 
C)  empirical tests. 
D)  descriptive statistics.

Question 13

It is more difficult to reject H₀

Accepted Answer

A)  with a one-tailed test. 
B)  with a two-tailed test. 
C)  with α = .05 rather than .01. 
D)  with α = .01 rather than .001. 
A)  with a one-tailed test. 
B)  with a two-tailed test. 
C)  with α = .05 rather than .01. 
D)  with α = .01 rather than .001.

Question 14

A study resulted with a zobt = +2.34. zcrit was ±2.03 with α = .05. Based on these results,

Accepted Answer

A) we should fail to reject H₀. B) we should reject H₁. C) p > .05 D) p < .05 A) we should fail to reject H₀. B) we should reject H₁. C) p > .05 D) p < .05

Question 15

In hypothesis testing if a significant effect is found, you should

Accepted Answer

A)  do nothing. 
B)  reject the alternative hypothesis. 
C)  fail to reject the null hypothesis. 
D)  reject the null hypothesis. 
A)  do nothing. 
B)  reject the alternative hypothesis. 
C)  fail to reject the null hypothesis. 
D)  reject the null hypothesis.

Question 16

If we are using a directional alternative hypothesis for a z-test with α = .01, what critical value(s) should be used for rejecting the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  -2.33 only or +2.33 only. 
B)  either ±2.33 
C)  -2.58 only or +2.58 only. 
D)  either ±2.58. 
A)  -2.33 only or +2.33 only. 
B)  either ±2.33 
C)  -2.58 only or +2.58 only. 
D)  either ±2.58.

Question 17

In conducting a z-test with a nondirectional alternative hypothesis, we would

Accepted Answer

A)  use a two-tailed test. 
B)  use a one-tailed test. 
C)  not divide the alpha level in two. 
D)  both "b" and "c" are correct. 
A)  use a two-tailed test. 
B)  use a one-tailed test. 
C)  not divide the alpha level in two. 
D)  both "b" and "c" are correct.

Question 18

Assume a study is being conducted to determine if a sample mean would be significantly different from the population mean of 35. Write the symbolic notation for both the null and alternative hypotheses for 
a. a nondirectional test, and
b. a directional test that specifies that the treatment will improve scores.

Accepted Answer

a. H₀: μ = 35, H₁: μ

Question 19

Hypothesis testing is based on the assumption that

Accepted Answer

A)  the null hypothesis is true. 
B)  the null hypothesis is false. 
C)  the independent variable will be effective. 
D)  differences between μ and M are true differences, rather than chance differences. 
A)  the null hypothesis is true. 
B)  the null hypothesis is false. 
C)  the independent variable will be effective. 
D)  differences between μ and M are true differences, rather than chance differences.

Question 20

In hypothesis testing, if we obtain a sample mean that is larger than the population mean,

Accepted Answer

A)  we can reject the null hypothesis. 
B)  we can reject the alternative hypothesis. 
C)  the difference could be due to random sampling error. 
D)  we can conclude that our treatment was effective. 
A)  we can reject the null hypothesis. 
B)  we can reject the alternative hypothesis. 
C)  the difference could be due to random sampling error. 
D)  we can conclude that our treatment was effective.

If we have committed a Type II error, we have

Step 2 of the hypothesis testing procedure instructs us to

Obtained sample values that fall in the rejection region of a sampling distribution

The score that marks the beginning of the rejection area in a sampling distribution is the

A non-directional alternative hypotheses for a z-test can be represented as

If our obtained sample mean falls in the critical region of a sampling distribution, have we gained support for H₀ or H₁? Explain.

Given z_crit = -2.33, which of the following obtained z-values will result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

A researcher is on the verge of a breakthrough for a medical procedure that has little risk but that could be of great benefit to patients. What alpha level should she choose?

Step four of the hypothesis testing procedure involves

Which of the following statements about the alpha level is NOT true?

If z_crit = ±2.33 and z_obt = +2.12, the correct statistical decision would be to ______________.

Procedures that test hypotheses about populations are called

It is more difficult to reject H₀

A study resulted with a z_obt = +2.34. z_crit was ±2.03 with α = .05. Based on these results,

In hypothesis testing if a significant effect is found, you should

If we are using a directional alternative hypothesis for a z-test with α = .01, what critical value(s) should be used for rejecting the null hypothesis?

In conducting a z-test with a nondirectional alternative hypothesis, we would

Hypothesis testing is based on the assumption that

In hypothesis testing, if we obtain a sample mean that is larger than the population mean,

Organizing Data Using Tables and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores and Other Standard Scores

Probability and the Normal Distribution

Sampling Distribution of Means

One-Sample T-Test

Two-Sample T-Test: Independent Samples Design

Two-Sample T-Test: Related Samples Design

Confidence Interval Versus Point Estimation

One-Way Analysis of Variance

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Correlation and Regression

Chi-Square

Introduction to Statistics

Nonparametric Statistics for Ordinal Data

Filters

Exam 8: Hypothesis Testing

If we have committed a Type II error, we have

Step 2 of the hypothesis testing procedure instructs us to

Obtained sample values that fall in the rejection region of a sampling distribution

The score that marks the beginning of the rejection area in a sampling distribution is the

A non-directional alternative hypotheses for a z-test can be represented as

If our obtained sample mean falls in the critical region of a sampling distribution, have we gained support for H₀ or H₁? Explain.

Given zcrit = -2.33, which of the following obtained z-values will result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

A researcher is on the verge of a breakthrough for a medical procedure that has little risk but that could be of great benefit to patients. What alpha level should she choose?

Step four of the hypothesis testing procedure involves

Which of the following statements about the alpha level is NOT true?

If zcrit = ±2.33 and zobt = +2.12, the correct statistical decision would be to ______________.

Procedures that test hypotheses about populations are called

It is more difficult to reject H₀

A study resulted with a zobt = +2.34. zcrit was ±2.03 with α = .05. Based on these results,

In hypothesis testing if a significant effect is found, you should

If we are using a directional alternative hypothesis for a z-test with α = .01, what critical value(s) should be used for rejecting the null hypothesis?

In conducting a z-test with a nondirectional alternative hypothesis, we would

Hypothesis testing is based on the assumption that

In hypothesis testing, if we obtain a sample mean that is larger than the population mean,

Organizing Data Using Tables and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores and Other Standard Scores

Probability and the Normal Distribution

Sampling Distribution of Means

One-Sample T-Test

Two-Sample T-Test: Independent Samples Design

Two-Sample T-Test: Related Samples Design

Confidence Interval Versus Point Estimation

One-Way Analysis of Variance

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Correlation and Regression

Chi-Square

Introduction to Statistics

Nonparametric Statistics for Ordinal Data

Filters

Given z_crit = -2.33, which of the following obtained z-values will result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

If z_crit = ±2.33 and z_obt = +2.12, the correct statistical decision would be to ______________.

A study resulted with a z_obt = +2.34. z_crit was ±2.03 with α = .05. Based on these results,