Question 1

Meta-analysis is used for what?

Accepted Answer

A)  combining the results of previous studies 
B)  analyzing the results of previous studies 
C)  inferring from the results of a current study 
D)  projecting the results of future studies 
A)  combining the results of previous studies 
B)  analyzing the results of previous studies 
C)  inferring from the results of a current study 
D)  projecting the results of future studies A

Question 2

Which of the following is a potential weakness of meta-analysis, as described in this topic?

Accepted Answer

A)  use of moderator variables 
B)  lack of objectivity 
C)  lack of diversity in sample selection 
D)  independent confirmation 
A)  use of moderator variables 
B)  lack of objectivity 
C)  lack of diversity in sample selection 
D)  independent confirmation C

Question 3

What is usually done when the studies to be used in a meta-analysis have different sample sizes?

Accepted Answer

A)  convert to a standardized measurement scale 
B)  use a measure of effect size such as Cohen's d 
C)  use regression analysis 
D)  weight the average value of d 
A)  convert to a standardized measurement scale 
B)  use a measure of effect size such as Cohen's d 
C)  use regression analysis 
D)  weight the average value of d D

Question 4

Which of the following describes the weakness of meta-analysis known as publication bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  researchers rarely publish results that are not statistically significant 
B)  researchers tend to use studies published in peer-reviewed journals 
C)  researchers give more weight to studies published in prestigious journals 
D)  all of the above 
A)  researchers rarely publish results that are not statistically significant 
B)  researchers tend to use studies published in peer-reviewed journals 
C)  researchers give more weight to studies published in prestigious journals 
D)  all of the above

Question 5

What is the "effective range" of standard deviation units on both sides of the mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 
B)  2.0 
C)  3.0 
D)  4.0 
A)  1.0 
B)  2.0 
C)  3.0 
D)  4.0

Question 6

Computing a mean difference across studies that used measurement scales with different possible numbers of score points is meaningless. What is suggested in this topic to overcome this problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  convert to a standardized measurement scale 
B)  use a measure of effect size such as Cohen's d 
C)  use regression analysis 
D)  weight the average value of d 
A)  convert to a standardized measurement scale 
B)  use a measure of effect size such as Cohen's d 
C)  use regression analysis 
D)  weight the average value of d

Question 7

If the value of d for the difference between two means equals 1.00, the experimental group's mean is how many standard-deviation units higher than the control group's mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.1 
B)  0.5 
C)  1.0 
D)  1.4 
A)  0.1 
B)  0.5 
C)  1.0 
D)  1.4

Question 8

What is the definition of effect size?

Accepted Answer

A)  the size of a difference when it is expressed on a standardized scale 
B)  the size of the difference in raw-score means between groups 
C)  the size of the standard deviation of results 
D)  the size of the difference between the hypothesized results and the actual data 
A)  the size of a difference when it is expressed on a standardized scale 
B)  the size of the difference in raw-score means between groups 
C)  the size of the standard deviation of results 
D)  the size of the difference between the hypothesized results and the actual data

Question 9

In a report in which separate analyses are conducted for various subgroups, what is the variable on which the studies were divided into subgroups called?

Accepted Answer

A)  group variable 
B)  moderator variable 
C)  meta-variable 
D)  correlation variable 
A)  group variable 
B)  moderator variable 
C)  meta-variable 
D)  correlation variable

Question 10

According to this topic, what are the two measures of effect size that are very widely reported?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cohen's d and effect-size r 
B)  Cohen's d and standard deviation 
C)  effect-size r and standard deviation 
D)  effect-size r and correlation coefficients 
A)  Cohen's d and effect-size r 
B)  Cohen's d and standard deviation 
C)  effect-size r and standard deviation 
D)  effect-size r and correlation coefficients

Question 11

Using Cohen's suggested descriptors, a value for d of 0.20 would be described as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  very small 
B)  small 
C)  medium 
D)  large 
A)  very small 
B)  small 
C)  medium 
D)  large

Question 12

Suppose a researcher conducted an experiment on improving algebra achievement, and the experimental posttest raw-score mean equaled 500.00 (sd = 100.00), and the control group raw-score mean equaled 400.00 (sd = 100.00). What is the value of the effect size for the experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.0 
B)  0.1 
C)  1.0 
D)  1.1 
A)  0.0 
B)  0.1 
C)  1.0 
D)  1.1

Question 13

A value of r should be interpreted by doing what?

Accepted Answer

A)  squaring 
B)  multiplying by 100 
C)  squaring then multiplying by 100 
D)  rounding then multiplying by 100 
A)  squaring 
B)  multiplying by 100 
C)  squaring then multiplying by 100 
D)  rounding then multiplying by 100

Question 14

When comparing results between similar experiments, which of the following is NOT a factor identified in this topic as potentially explaining differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  unknown systematic errors 
B)  known systematic errors 
C)  random errors of measurement 
D)  computation errors 
A)  unknown systematic errors 
B)  known systematic errors 
C)  random errors of measurement 
D)  computation errors

Question 15

Reliable results may also be said to be valid results.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In this topic, the raw-score differences between the means (5 for Experimenter A and 10 for Experimenter B) were standardized by dividing each of them by what statistic?

Accepted Answer

A)  effect size or d 
B)  the difference of the means 
C)  the median of the raw scores 
D)  the standard deviation 
A)  effect size or d 
B)  the difference of the means 
C)  the median of the raw scores 
D)  the standard deviation

Question 17

The experimental group secretly having access to the answer key for the test is an example of what type of error?

Accepted Answer

A)  unknown systematic errors 
B)  known systematic errors 
C)  random errors of measurement 
D)  random sampling error 
A)  unknown systematic errors 
B)  known systematic errors 
C)  random errors of measurement 
D)  random sampling error

Question 18

Which standardized measure of effect size is used in meta-analytic studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  effect-size r 
B)  Cohen's d 
C)  standard deviation 
D)  both a. and b. 
A)  effect-size r 
B)  Cohen's d 
C)  standard deviation 
D)  both a. and b.

Question 19

Cohen's d is expressed on a standard-deviation scale that typically ranges from what to what?

Accepted Answer

A)  -1.00 to +1.00 
B)  -2.00 to +2.00 
C)  -3.00 to +3.00 
D)  0.00 to +3.00 
A)  -1.00 to +1.00 
B)  -2.00 to +2.00 
C)  -3.00 to +3.00 
D)  0.00 to +3.00

Meta-analysis is used for what?

Which of the following is a potential weakness of meta-analysis, as described in this topic?

What is usually done when the studies to be used in a meta-analysis have different sample sizes?

Which of the following describes the weakness of meta-analysis known as publication bias?

What is the "effective range" of standard deviation units on both sides of the mean?

Computing a mean difference across studies that used measurement scales with different possible numbers of score points is meaningless. What is suggested in this topic to overcome this problem?

If the value of d for the difference between two means equals 1.00, the experimental group's mean is how many standard-deviation units higher than the control group's mean?

What is the definition of effect size?

In a report in which separate analyses are conducted for various subgroups, what is the variable on which the studies were divided into subgroups called?

According to this topic, what are the two measures of effect size that are very widely reported?

Using Cohen's suggested descriptors, a value for d of 0.20 would be described as what?

Suppose a researcher conducted an experiment on improving algebra achievement, and the experimental posttest raw-score mean equaled 500.00 (sd = 100.00), and the control group raw-score mean equaled 400.00 (sd = 100.00). What is the value of the effect size for the experiment?

A value of r should be interpreted by doing what?

When comparing results between similar experiments, which of the following is NOT a factor identified in this topic as potentially explaining differences?

Reliable results may also be said to be valid results.

In this topic, the raw-score differences between the means (5 for Experimenter A and 10 for Experimenter B) were standardized by dividing each of them by what statistic?

The experimental group secretly having access to the answer key for the test is an example of what type of error?

Which standardized measure of effect size is used in meta-analytic studies?

Cohen's d is expressed on a standard-deviation scale that typically ranges from what to what?

Introduction to Research Methods

Reviewing and Citing the Literature

Basic Concepts in Quantitative Research

Sampling

Measurement

Qualitative Research Design

Designing Experimental Research

Analyzing Data: Understanding Statistics

Preparing Research Reports

Filters

Exam 9: Effect Size and Meta-Analysis

Meta-analysis is used for what?

Which of the following is a potential weakness of meta-analysis, as described in this topic?

What is usually done when the studies to be used in a meta-analysis have different sample sizes?

Which of the following describes the weakness of meta-analysis known as publication bias?

What is the "effective range" of standard deviation units on both sides of the mean?

Computing a mean difference across studies that used measurement scales with different possible numbers of score points is meaningless. What is suggested in this topic to overcome this problem?

If the value of d for the difference between two means equals 1.00, the experimental group's mean is how many standard-deviation units higher than the control group's mean?

What is the definition of effect size?

In a report in which separate analyses are conducted for various subgroups, what is the variable on which the studies were divided into subgroups called?

According to this topic, what are the two measures of effect size that are very widely reported?

Using Cohen's suggested descriptors, a value for d of 0.20 would be described as what?

Suppose a researcher conducted an experiment on improving algebra achievement, and the experimental posttest raw-score mean equaled 500.00 (sd = 100.00), and the control group raw-score mean equaled 400.00 (sd = 100.00). What is the value of the effect size for the experiment?

A value of r should be interpreted by doing what?

When comparing results between similar experiments, which of the following is NOT a factor identified in this topic as potentially explaining differences?

Reliable results may also be said to be valid results.

In this topic, the raw-score differences between the means (5 for Experimenter A and 10 for Experimenter B) were standardized by dividing each of them by what statistic?

The experimental group secretly having access to the answer key for the test is an example of what type of error?

Which standardized measure of effect size is used in meta-analytic studies?

Cohen's d is expressed on a standard-deviation scale that typically ranges from what to what?

Introduction to Research Methods

Reviewing and Citing the Literature

Basic Concepts in Quantitative Research

Sampling

Measurement

Qualitative Research Design

Designing Experimental Research

Analyzing Data: Understanding Statistics

Preparing Research Reports

Filters