Exam 5: Analyzing Data With Pretest and Posttest Measurements of One Group

You can measure client success for variables of nominal dichotomous level:

When you use SPSS to compute t using the one-sample t Test, the mean pretest score we are using for comparison is the same as:

The hypothesis that "liberal and non-liberal students will have different levels of aptitude for success" indicate that this is a directional hypothesis.

Examining practical significance helps in professional decision-making regarding the use and effectiveness of an intervention.

When you have pretest and posttest measurements on a dichotomous, nominal variable for a group of clients, you will use:

With regard to testing directional and non-directional hypothesis, SPSS has the one-tailed test as the default.

According to Cohen, the effect size of 1.0 is considered to be:

In human services, irrespective of the kind of t Test you use in analyzing data, your dependent variable must be measured at the:

With regard to the value of P, it is listed in the Excel and SPSS data analysis programs as:

When you use one sample t Test using Excel, to make sense of the output to determine the statistical significance of the gain, you will look at:

Explain what "Directional" and "Non-Directional" hypotheses mean. Provide examples.

Explain the importance of Binomial test for the posttest only design in human services evaluation.

A non-directional hypothesis implies:

Explain the significance of the p value reported as "p < .01" as a result of a binomial test.

In the report that contains an evaluative study's findings, it is important to provide information pertaining to:

In examining for practical significance in the output of your data analysis for one sample t Test, you may examine the difference between the mean posttest score and the threshold score in addition to examining the effect size.

In SPSS, the output for the t Tests provide, among other information, the mean difference, the standard error of the mean, degrees of freedom, and the 95% confidence level. Most importantly, the value of t is given under the heading "t," and the value of p is given under the heading of "Sig (2-tailed)." Even if the value of is a negative value, in the report of the analysis, the negative sign is ignored, reporting the t-statistic as a number without any negative sign in front of it.

In determining the relevance of the findings of our study for professional human service practice, two important factors must be considered. They are:

It is important to note that there are various forms of computing the effect size and the effect size is computed differently for the different forms of the t Test.

Figures computed in SPSS are always identical to those in Excel.