Exam 13: Earthquakes and Earth Structure

-Point B is called the earthquake __________.

What type of information can be gained by examining the first motion (push or pull) of P waves arriving at different seismograph stations?

-The two kinks in the seismic wave path are examples of seismic __________.

At a seismograph station, what type of seismic waves arrive before the surface waves?

The S wave shadow zone is caused by the

-Which set(s) of waves is/are most likely surface waves?

Where does slip initiate during an earthquake?

The following question refers to the cross section of the Earth in the following figure. -Which region of the Earth does not transmit S waves?

What is the moment magnitude of an earthquake proportional to?

-What causes the up-and-down wiggles on the seismogram?

What causes the sharp increases in the velocity of S waves at 400 and 670 kilometers depth in the mantle?

Seismic tomography can detect relatively warm regions of the mantle because S waves

-What type of seismic wave is depicted by the ray path in the diagram?

P waves travel through peridotite at about ___ km/s.

-Which set(s) of waves travels through the Earth's interior?

-Point A, where slip initiated during the earthquake, is called the __________.

For two earthquakes located the same distance away, the ground shaking produced by a Richter magnitude 4 earthquake would be ___ times greater than the ground shaking produced by a magnitude 3 earthquake.

About how often do magnitude 8 earthquakes occur?

What type of machine records the seismic waves generated by earthquakes?