Question 1

Briefly describe the role of DNA in cell replication and transcription.

Accepted Answer

Cell Replication:During cell div

Question 2

Most cellular reactions are irreversible because the same enzyme that catalyzes the conversion cannot catalyze the reverse reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother and code for ____.

Accepted Answer

A) all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix 
B) nonfunctional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution 
C) proteins vital to the production of ATP 
D) antioxidant proteins 
A) all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix 
B) nonfunctional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution 
C) proteins vital to the production of ATP 
D) antioxidant proteins

Question 4

In addition to the mitochondria,which organelle possesses an inner and outer membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) lysosome 
B) lysosome. 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) nucleus 
A) lysosome 
B) lysosome. 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) nucleus

Question 5

Transcription is the process by which ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the genetic information in a single strand of DNA makes a specific sequence of bases in a messenger RNA (mRN
A)  chain 
B) genetic information in an mRNA molecule specifies the sequence of amino acids in the protein product 
C) amino acids are linked together to form the primary structure of a protein 
D) the primary structure of a protein is folded several times to become the quaternary structure 
A) the genetic information in a single strand of DNA makes a specific sequence of bases in a messenger RNA (mRN
A)  chain 
B) genetic information in an mRNA molecule specifies the sequence of amino acids in the protein product 
C) amino acids are linked together to form the primary structure of a protein 
D) the primary structure of a protein is folded several times to become the quaternary structure

Question 6

Which enzyme complex,used in metabolizing many drugs,is located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

A) chromatins 
B) lysozymes 
C) cytochromes 
D) polymerases 
A) chromatins 
B) lysozymes 
C) cytochromes 
D) polymerases

Question 7

Which enzyme is responsible for linking together the incoming nucleotides during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA ligase 
B) helicase 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) reverse transcriptase 
A) DNA ligase 
B) helicase 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) reverse transcriptase

Question 8

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) enhance gene expression by activating mRNA expression 
B) silence gene expression by binding to mRNA to inhibit translation 
C) modify gene expression by replacing specific nucleotides in mRNA 
D) mediate DNA production in a reverse direction 
A) enhance gene expression by activating mRNA expression 
B) silence gene expression by binding to mRNA to inhibit translation 
C) modify gene expression by replacing specific nucleotides in mRNA 
D) mediate DNA production in a reverse direction

Question 9

List the three mechanisms that can be used to regulate the function of a protein (e.g.,an enzyme)and briefly (in one to two sentences)describe their key features.

Accepted Answer

​Mechanism 1: Covalent modification-no c

Question 10

Malformed Apaf-1 molecules in a cell might ____.

Accepted Answer

A) cause rapid apoptosis of the cell 
B) inactivate cytochrome c 
C) lead to the development of a tumor 
D) have no effect on apoptosis 
A) cause rapid apoptosis of the cell 
B) inactivate cytochrome c 
C) lead to the development of a tumor 
D) have no effect on apoptosis

Question 11

Constitutive enzymes are ____.

Accepted Answer

A) uninfluenced by external stimuli 
B) influenced by external stimuli 
C) synthesized at variable rates 
D) unaffected by induction 
A) uninfluenced by external stimuli 
B) influenced by external stimuli 
C) synthesized at variable rates 
D) unaffected by induction

Question 12

Discuss the concept of coupled reactions in the transfer of energy.

Accepted Answer

​The answer should include the following

Question 13

Which class of bioactive food components has the ability to get into the nucleus of cells and bind to DNA to influence gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A) lipophilic, small-molecular-weight molecules 
B) glycoproteins 
C) phospholipids 
D) water-soluble vitamins 
A) lipophilic, small-molecular-weight molecules 
B) glycoproteins 
C) phospholipids 
D) water-soluble vitamins

Question 14

When discussing enzyme kinetics,Km refers to the substrate concentration at which the enzyme is saturated and functioning at maximal velocity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match the correct enzyme classification with the examples provided.
-hydrolases

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of C-C,C-S,and certain C-N bonds (excluding peptide bonds)without hydrolysis or oxidation-reduction 
B)  enzymes forming bonds between carbon and other atoms,such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase,which adds bicarbonate to acetyl-CoA to initiate fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplast 
C)  enzymes in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria 
D)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of bonds by addition of water,such as digestive enzymes 
E)  enzymes that catalyze reactions,not oxidation or reduction,in which a functional group is moved from one substrate to another,such as transaminases 
A)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of C-C,C-S,and certain C-N bonds (excluding peptide bonds)without hydrolysis or oxidation-reduction 
B)  enzymes forming bonds between carbon and other atoms,such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase,which adds bicarbonate to acetyl-CoA to initiate fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplast 
C)  enzymes in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria 
D)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of bonds by addition of water,such as digestive enzymes 
E)  enzymes that catalyze reactions,not oxidation or reduction,in which a functional group is moved from one substrate to another,such as transaminases

Question 16

Elongation is the process by which ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the mRNA strand is formed 
B) peptide bonds are formed between aligned amino acids after the amino acids are positioned 
C) amino acids are activated by ATP at their carboxyl end 
D) activated amino acids are transferred to their specific tRNAs that contain the anticodon complementary to each amino acid's codon 
A) the mRNA strand is formed 
B) peptide bonds are formed between aligned amino acids after the amino acids are positioned 
C) amino acids are activated by ATP at their carboxyl end 
D) activated amino acids are transferred to their specific tRNAs that contain the anticodon complementary to each amino acid's codon

Question 17

The organelle that serves as the digestive system for the cell is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) polysome 
B) endosome 
C) lysosome 
D) ribosome 
A) polysome 
B) endosome 
C) lysosome 
D) ribosome

Question 18

Which organelle is composed of an extensive network of membranous channels that connects the nuclear membrane,the Golgi apparatus,and the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) the lysosome 
B) the nucleolus 
C) the centrioles 
D) the endoplasmic reticulum 
A) the lysosome 
B) the nucleolus 
C) the centrioles 
D) the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 19

The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and functions ____.

Accepted Answer

A) to stop the synthesis of proteins that may need carbohydrate additions 
B) to add polysaccharide or lipid moieties to polypeptides 
C) only for constitutive secretion of proteins 
D) only for regulated secretion of proteins 
A) to stop the synthesis of proteins that may need carbohydrate additions 
B) to add polysaccharide or lipid moieties to polypeptides 
C) only for constitutive secretion of proteins 
D) only for regulated secretion of proteins

Question 20

Match the correct enzyme classification with the examples provided.
-transferases

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of C-C,C-S,and certain C-N bonds (excluding peptide bonds)without hydrolysis or oxidation-reduction 
B)  enzymes forming bonds between carbon and other atoms,such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase,which adds bicarbonate to acetyl-CoA to initiate fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplast 
C)  enzymes in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria 
D)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of bonds by addition of water,such as digestive enzymes 
E)  enzymes that catalyze reactions,not oxidation or reduction,in which a functional group is moved from one substrate to another,such as transaminases 
A)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of C-C,C-S,and certain C-N bonds (excluding peptide bonds)without hydrolysis or oxidation-reduction 
B)  enzymes forming bonds between carbon and other atoms,such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase,which adds bicarbonate to acetyl-CoA to initiate fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplast 
C)  enzymes in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria 
D)  enzymes that catalyze cleavage of bonds by addition of water,such as digestive enzymes 
E)  enzymes that catalyze reactions,not oxidation or reduction,in which a functional group is moved from one substrate to another,such as transaminases

Briefly describe the role of DNA in cell replication and transcription.

Most cellular reactions are irreversible because the same enzyme that catalyzes the conversion cannot catalyze the reverse reaction.

Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother and code for ____.

In addition to the mitochondria,which organelle possesses an inner and outer membrane?

Transcription is the process by which ____.

Which enzyme complex,used in metabolizing many drugs,is located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells?

Which enzyme is responsible for linking together the incoming nucleotides during DNA replication?

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that ____.

List the three mechanisms that can be used to regulate the function of a protein (e.g.,an enzyme)and briefly (in one to two sentences)describe their key features.

Malformed Apaf-1 molecules in a cell might ____.

Constitutive enzymes are ____.

Discuss the concept of coupled reactions in the transfer of energy.

Which class of bioactive food components has the ability to get into the nucleus of cells and bind to DNA to influence gene expression?

When discussing enzyme kinetics,Km refers to the substrate concentration at which the enzyme is saturated and functioning at maximal velocity.

Match the correct enzyme classification with the examples provided. -hydrolases

Elongation is the process by which ____.

The organelle that serves as the digestive system for the cell is the ____.

Which organelle is composed of an extensive network of membranous channels that connects the nuclear membrane,the Golgi apparatus,and the plasma membrane?

The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and functions ____.

Match the correct enzyme classification with the examples provided. -transferases

The Digestive System: Mechanism for Nourishing the Body

Carbohydrates

Fiber

Lipids

Protein

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism and the Impact of Exercise

Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, and Healthy Weight

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals

Water and Electrolytes

Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Filters

Exam 1: The Cell: A Microcosm of Life

Briefly describe the role of DNA in cell replication and transcription.

Most cellular reactions are irreversible because the same enzyme that catalyzes the conversion cannot catalyze the reverse reaction.

Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother and code for ____.

In addition to the mitochondria,which organelle possesses an inner and outer membrane?

Transcription is the process by which ____.

Which enzyme complex,used in metabolizing many drugs,is located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells?

Which enzyme is responsible for linking together the incoming nucleotides during DNA replication?

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that ____.

List the three mechanisms that can be used to regulate the function of a protein (e.g.,an enzyme)and briefly (in one to two sentences)describe their key features.

Malformed Apaf-1 molecules in a cell might ____.

Constitutive enzymes are ____.

Discuss the concept of coupled reactions in the transfer of energy.

Which class of bioactive food components has the ability to get into the nucleus of cells and bind to DNA to influence gene expression?

When discussing enzyme kinetics,Km refers to the substrate concentration at which the enzyme is saturated and functioning at maximal velocity.

Match the correct enzyme classification with the examples provided. -hydrolases

Elongation is the process by which ____.

The organelle that serves as the digestive system for the cell is the ____.

Which organelle is composed of an extensive network of membranous channels that connects the nuclear membrane,the Golgi apparatus,and the plasma membrane?

The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and functions ____.

Match the correct enzyme classification with the examples provided. -transferases

The Digestive System: Mechanism for Nourishing the Body

Carbohydrates

Fiber

Lipids

Protein

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism and the Impact of Exercise

Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, and Healthy Weight

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals

Water and Electrolytes

Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Filters