Exam 6: Exercise Epidemiology

Which disease accounts for approximately 20 percent of all deaths each year worldwide?

Type 2 diabetes usually develops during childhood and adolescence and is characterized by a failure of the pancreas to produce insulin.

All forms of cancer occur in two general phases: (1) initiation, and (2) promotion.

Which type of study measures risk factors and the presence or absence of a disease at the same time?

Which of the following is a technique that involves conducting the same survey in a population every year for an extended time period to measure trends in physical activity?

The goals of the International Epidemiological Association (IEA) are to facilitate communication among those engaged in research and teaching in epidemiology throughout the world, and to engage in the development and use of epidemiological methods in all fields of health including social, community, and preventive medicine and health services administration.

A cerebrovascular disease is any disease resulting from the obstructive effects of atherosclerosis in the arteries that supply blood to the brain.

Some of the early studies in exercise epidemiology were conducted on which group of individuals?

Cross-sectional surveys cannot determine potential cause-and-effect relationships.

A disadvantage of the randomized controlled trial is that it is often conducted with a very selective sample of subjects.

Which type of study selects subjects based on the presence of the disease being investigated and then matches them with control subjects who do not have the disease?

A condition characterized by loss or impairment of bodily function resulting from injury or death of brain cells after insufficient blood supply is known as what?

Until recently, most professionals in exercise epidemiology were employed in what setting?

Which factor is by far the most important in determining blood pressure?

Essential hypertension is persistently high arterial blood pressure that may have no known cause.

Although there may be some situations in which physical activity is useful in treating secondary osteoporosis, regular exercise has a more pronounced effect on primary osteoporosis.

The frequency or number of events that occur over a defined time period, divided by the average size of the population at risk, is known as what?

A crude rate is a type of incidence rate that involves computing the incidence rate for each subgroup of the population.

Which type of study is considered to be the gold standard for testing a research hypothesis?

A secondary component of exercise epidemiology involves the study of physical-activity levels in certain populations, and the various factors that are associated with participation in physical activity.