Question 1

The term "income transfers" refers to government spending that provides money or benefits to individuals without:

Accepted Answer

A)  other means of support. 
B)  inspection by federal regulators. 
C)  obtaining goods or services in exchange. 
D)  any visible means of support. 
E)  true value in the open market. 
A)  other means of support. 
B)  inspection by federal regulators. 
C)  obtaining goods or services in exchange. 
D)  any visible means of support. 
E)  true value in the open market.

Question 2

The middle class is absent in the political process fo the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The data illustrate that individuals not participating in employer-based group medical insurance plans are disproportionately middle class.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

It is probable that:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing income inequality always leads to increasing economic prosperity 
B)  the level of income inequality is unrelated to economic prosperity 
C)  inequality can be reasonably low and prosperity reasonably robust 
D)  declining inequality always leads to high prosperity 
E)  none of these are correct 
A)  increasing income inequality always leads to increasing economic prosperity 
B)  the level of income inequality is unrelated to economic prosperity 
C)  inequality can be reasonably low and prosperity reasonably robust 
D)  declining inequality always leads to high prosperity 
E)  none of these are correct

Question 5

_______________ consist of any protections, privileges, or benefits tied to one's employment status.

Accepted Answer

A)  Capital 
B)  Non-cash exchanges 
C)  Class requisites 
D)  Insurance 
E)  Job perquisites 
A)  Capital 
B)  Non-cash exchanges 
C)  Class requisites 
D)  Insurance 
E)  Job perquisites

Question 6

Tax expenditures help to reduce income inequality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Beginning in about 1980, the level of income inequality in the United States began to decline.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

_____________ pension plans provide annuities equal to a percentage of employees' pre-retirement earnings, usually calculated based on years of service to a company.

Accepted Answer

A)  Defined contribution 
B)  Defined benefit 
C)  Annuity 
D)  Graduated 
E)  Working class 
A)  Defined contribution 
B)  Defined benefit 
C)  Annuity 
D)  Graduated 
E)  Working class

Question 9

The Inequality Reduction Hypothesis is supported by contemporary sociological theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The Income Reduction Hypothesis wrongly assumes that public assistance reduces poverty, ignoring the fact that recipients must remain poor in order to continue receiving benefits and that:

Accepted Answer

A)  poor people like being poor, because it allows them to work less. 
B)  poor people are more motivated than other classes. 
C)  large amounts of income transfers go to middle class people. 
D)  working class people are often formerly poor. 
E)  poverty appears to be linked to genetics. 
A)  poor people like being poor, because it allows them to work less. 
B)  poor people are more motivated than other classes. 
C)  large amounts of income transfers go to middle class people. 
D)  working class people are often formerly poor. 
E)  poverty appears to be linked to genetics.

Question 11

During the 19th century, patterns off housing segregation by class developed and those doing white-collar work tended to live in one place, indicating that their jobs were stable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Income and lifestyle are not related.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Often called "fringe benefits," job perquisites are not fringe at all; rather, they are fundamental aspects of remuneration and constitute a significant element in the structure of stratification in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

All of the following are job perquisites, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  sick leave 
B)  pension plans 
C)  disability insurance 
D)  medical insurance 
E)  conspicuous consumption insurance 
A)  sick leave 
B)  pension plans 
C)  disability insurance 
D)  medical insurance 
E)  conspicuous consumption insurance

Question 15

Middle class people, ____________________, are more likely than their working class counterparts to have paid sick leave.

Accepted Answer

A)  who frequently abuse their vacation leave 
B)  who receive less pension payments than unionized blue collar workers 
C)  who are exposed to less disease-causing toxins 
D)  who are more likely to need sick leave 
E)  who are less likely to want sick leave 
A)  who frequently abuse their vacation leave 
B)  who receive less pension payments than unionized blue collar workers 
C)  who are exposed to less disease-causing toxins 
D)  who are more likely to need sick leave 
E)  who are less likely to want sick leave

Question 16

For most people today medical insurance is obtained through out-of-pocket private plans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Defined contribution plans provide that both the employer and employee will contribute a percentage of employees' wages to a pension fund each month, but the eventual benefits after retirement are dependent on employees' ability to manage their money.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Encouraging contraceptive use to prevent unwanted pregnancy is the solution to the "abortion problem."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

All of the following are tax expenditure programs except:

Accepted Answer

A)  exclusion of employer provided pension contributions 
B)  all of these are tax expenditure programs 
C)  deductibility of mortgage interest on one's private home 
D)  exclusion of employer contributions for medical insurance premiums 
E)  reduced tax rates on long-term capital gains 
A)  exclusion of employer provided pension contributions 
B)  all of these are tax expenditure programs 
C)  deductibility of mortgage interest on one's private home 
D)  exclusion of employer contributions for medical insurance premiums 
E)  reduced tax rates on long-term capital gains

Question 20

Job Perquisite Hypothesis states that _____________, the greater the job perquisites.

Accepted Answer

A)  the more important the work 
B)  the higher the social class 
C)  the lower the social class 
D)  the lower the overhead of employers 
E)  the more powerful unions are in a given state 
A)  the more important the work 
B)  the higher the social class 
C)  the lower the social class 
D)  the lower the overhead of employers 
E)  the more powerful unions are in a given state

The term "income transfers" refers to government spending that provides money or benefits to individuals without:

The middle class is absent in the political process fo the United States.

The data illustrate that individuals not participating in employer-based group medical insurance plans are disproportionately middle class.

It is probable that:

_______________ consist of any protections, privileges, or benefits tied to one's employment status.

Tax expenditures help to reduce income inequality.

Beginning in about 1980, the level of income inequality in the United States began to decline.

_____________ pension plans provide annuities equal to a percentage of employees' pre-retirement earnings, usually calculated based on years of service to a company.

The Inequality Reduction Hypothesis is supported by contemporary sociological theory.

The Income Reduction Hypothesis wrongly assumes that public assistance reduces poverty, ignoring the fact that recipients must remain poor in order to continue receiving benefits and that:

During the 19^th century, patterns off housing segregation by class developed and those doing white-collar work tended to live in one place, indicating that their jobs were stable.

Income and lifestyle are not related.

Often called "fringe benefits," job perquisites are not fringe at all; rather, they are fundamental aspects of remuneration and constitute a significant element in the structure of stratification in the United States.

All of the following are job perquisites, except:

Middle class people, ____________________, are more likely than their working class counterparts to have paid sick leave.

For most people today medical insurance is obtained through out-of-pocket private plans.

Defined contribution plans provide that both the employer and employee will contribute a percentage of employees' wages to a pension fund each month, but the eventual benefits after retirement are dependent on employees' ability to manage their money.

Encouraging contraceptive use to prevent unwanted pregnancy is the solution to the "abortion problem."

All of the following are tax expenditure programs except:

Job Perquisite Hypothesis states that _____________, the greater the job perquisites.

Sociology and Stratification

Race/Ethnicity and Stratification

Gender and Stratification

Social Class and Stratification: Occupational Prestige and Class Identification

Social Class and Stratification: Mobility and Status Attainment

Political Participation and Power

The Rich

The Working Class

The Poor

The United States in Global Context

Reflections on the Study of Social Stratification

Filters

Exam 8: The Middle Class

The term "income transfers" refers to government spending that provides money or benefits to individuals without:

The middle class is absent in the political process fo the United States.

The data illustrate that individuals not participating in employer-based group medical insurance plans are disproportionately middle class.

It is probable that:

_______________ consist of any protections, privileges, or benefits tied to one's employment status.

Tax expenditures help to reduce income inequality.

Beginning in about 1980, the level of income inequality in the United States began to decline.

_____________ pension plans provide annuities equal to a percentage of employees' pre-retirement earnings, usually calculated based on years of service to a company.

The Inequality Reduction Hypothesis is supported by contemporary sociological theory.

The Income Reduction Hypothesis wrongly assumes that public assistance reduces poverty, ignoring the fact that recipients must remain poor in order to continue receiving benefits and that:

During the 19th century, patterns off housing segregation by class developed and those doing white-collar work tended to live in one place, indicating that their jobs were stable.

Income and lifestyle are not related.

Often called "fringe benefits," job perquisites are not fringe at all; rather, they are fundamental aspects of remuneration and constitute a significant element in the structure of stratification in the United States.

All of the following are job perquisites, except:

Middle class people, ____________________, are more likely than their working class counterparts to have paid sick leave.

For most people today medical insurance is obtained through out-of-pocket private plans.

Defined contribution plans provide that both the employer and employee will contribute a percentage of employees' wages to a pension fund each month, but the eventual benefits after retirement are dependent on employees' ability to manage their money.

Encouraging contraceptive use to prevent unwanted pregnancy is the solution to the "abortion problem."

All of the following are tax expenditure programs except:

Job Perquisite Hypothesis states that _____________, the greater the job perquisites.

Sociology and Stratification

Race/Ethnicity and Stratification

Gender and Stratification

Social Class and Stratification: Occupational Prestige and Class Identification

Social Class and Stratification: Mobility and Status Attainment

Political Participation and Power

The Rich

The Working Class

The Poor

The United States in Global Context

Reflections on the Study of Social Stratification

Filters

During the 19^th century, patterns off housing segregation by class developed and those doing white-collar work tended to live in one place, indicating that their jobs were stable.