Question 1

Young offenders in early to middle adolescence are more likely to need interventions that address

Accepted Answer

A)  vocational assistance 
B)  conflict resolution 
C)  development of independent living skills 
D)  substance abuse 
A)  vocational assistance 
B)  conflict resolution 
C)  development of independent living skills 
D)  substance abuse B

Question 2

Which of the following has not been identified as a potential problem for interventions which target violent offenders

Accepted Answer

A)  aggression and violence as problematic 
B)  lack of motivation to change 
C)  heterogeneity in offenders and offence types 
D)  biological antecedents of offending behaviour 
A)  aggression and violence as problematic 
B)  lack of motivation to change 
C)  heterogeneity in offenders and offence types 
D)  biological antecedents of offending behaviour D

Question 3

The Personal, Interpersonal and Community-Reinforcement Theory posits that

Accepted Answer

A)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are the result of environmental and social factors 
B)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are under antecedent and consequent control 
C)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are the product of social strain 
D)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are a consequence of individual personality factors 
A)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are the result of environmental and social factors 
B)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are under antecedent and consequent control 
C)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are the product of social strain 
D)  deviant and non-deviant behaviour are a consequence of individual personality factors B

Question 4

Which of the following has been indicated in research drawn from across different correctional settings and across different jurisdictions

Accepted Answer

A)  a significant proportion of offenders have serious forms of mental illness 
B)  there is evidence of co-morbid substance use disorders with mental illness 
C)  co-morbid substance abuse and mental disorders elevate risk for a wide range of criminal offending 
D)  all of the above 
A)  a significant proportion of offenders have serious forms of mental illness 
B)  there is evidence of co-morbid substance use disorders with mental illness 
C)  co-morbid substance abuse and mental disorders elevate risk for a wide range of criminal offending 
D)  all of the above

Question 5

The test-operate-test-exit (TOTE) model conceives self-regulation as a

Accepted Answer

A)  comparator process 
B)  a feedback loop disturbance process 
C)  cybernetic control process 
D)  a self-control process 
A)  comparator process 
B)  a feedback loop disturbance process 
C)  cybernetic control process 
D)  a self-control process

Question 6

Helping a client to identify barriers to performing a particular behaviour and planning ways to overcome these is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social cognitive theory 
B)  self-regulation theory 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  self-determination theory 
A)  social cognitive theory 
B)  self-regulation theory 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  self-determination theory

Question 7

The weighting of the "big four" risk factors

Accepted Answer

A)  is similar for adolescents and adults 
B)  typically varies according to age 
C)  is weighted towards the influence of antisocial peers 
D)  is weighted towards the influence of antisocial personality 
A)  is similar for adolescents and adults 
B)  typically varies according to age 
C)  is weighted towards the influence of antisocial peers 
D)  is weighted towards the influence of antisocial personality

Question 8

One of the most striking feature of Lipsey's (2010) meta-analysis of juvenile offender treatment was

Accepted Answer

A)  that level of supervision offered did not influence programme effectiveness 
B)  that level of supervision was critical to programme effectiveness 
C)  that programmes with a stronger punishment focus are more effective with younger offenders 
D)  strategies associated with control or coercion were most effective 
A)  that level of supervision offered did not influence programme effectiveness 
B)  that level of supervision was critical to programme effectiveness 
C)  that programmes with a stronger punishment focus are more effective with younger offenders 
D)  strategies associated with control or coercion were most effective

Question 9

The provision of drug treatment is complicated by a number of issues. Which of the following was not identified by Visher, La Vigne, & Travis (2004) as one?

Accepted Answer

A)  cost 
B)  problem complexity 
C)  current policy 
D)  community reintegration 
A)  cost 
B)  problem complexity 
C)  current policy 
D)  community reintegration

Question 10

According to the Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential (ICAP) theory, the distribution of chronic offenders in the population at any age both is

Accepted Answer

A)  limited and highly skewed 
B)  skewed towards long-term AP 
C)  shows a normal distribution for age groups 
D)  is short-term and adolescent limited 
A)  limited and highly skewed 
B)  skewed towards long-term AP 
C)  shows a normal distribution for age groups 
D)  is short-term and adolescent limited

Question 11

Bennett, Holloway, and Farrington (2008) found the drug-crime nexus was greatest for

Accepted Answer

A)  herion use 
B)  poly-substance use 
C)  cocaine 
D)  crack cocaine 
A)  herion use 
B)  poly-substance use 
C)  cocaine 
D)  crack cocaine

Question 12

Although research supports the efficacy of R & R programmes, the findings indicate a need to take into account an individual's _______ and _______ context.

Accepted Answer

A)  human needs and primary goods 
B)  social and human needs 
C)  economic and environmental context 
D)  social and economic context 
A)  human needs and primary goods 
B)  social and human needs 
C)  economic and environmental context 
D)  social and economic context

Question 13

In addition to the stages of change, three key variables in the transtheoretical model of are

Accepted Answer

A)  processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy 
B)  processes of change, decisional balance and self-regulatory strength 
C)  processes of change, self-efficacy and self-regulatory strength 
D)  processes of change, self-efficacy and self-monitoring 
A)  processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy 
B)  processes of change, decisional balance and self-regulatory strength 
C)  processes of change, self-efficacy and self-regulatory strength 
D)  processes of change, self-efficacy and self-monitoring

Question 14

Causality Orientations Theory is an element of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-determination theory 
B)  dialectical behaviour therapy 
C)  cognitive theory 
D)  REBT 
A)  self-determination theory 
B)  dialectical behaviour therapy 
C)  cognitive theory 
D)  REBT

Question 15

Davey, Day, and Howells (2005) distinguished between two types of overcontrolled aggressive offender

Accepted Answer

A)  phenomenologically overcontrolled and behaviourally overcontrolled 
B)  disinhibited overcontrolled and emotionally overcontrolled 
C)  phenomenologically overcontrolled and emotionally overcontroled 
D)  disinhibited overcontrolled and behaviourally overcontrolled 
A)  phenomenologically overcontrolled and behaviourally overcontrolled 
B)  disinhibited overcontrolled and emotionally overcontrolled 
C)  phenomenologically overcontrolled and emotionally overcontroled 
D)  disinhibited overcontrolled and behaviourally overcontrolled

Question 16

The GLM places strong emphasis on the concepts of human agency due to its grounding in the ethical concept of _________

Accepted Answer

A)  moral values 
B)  human goods 
C)  moral justifications 
D)  human dignity 
A)  moral values 
B)  human goods 
C)  moral justifications 
D)  human dignity

Question 17

Using Gottfredson and Hirschi's (19990) general theory of crime, the common cause of drug use and crime is

Accepted Answer

A)  environmental factors 
B)  self-control 
C)  criminal associates 
D)  learned behaviours 
A)  environmental factors 
B)  self-control 
C)  criminal associates 
D)  learned behaviours

Question 18

Control override delusions are

Accepted Answer

A)  the individual believes an outside entity is trying to take control of his or her mind 
B)  the individual perceives a threat where none exists 
C)  the individual's delusions are under auditory control 
D)  the individual develops a capacity to override or control his or her delusions 
A)  the individual believes an outside entity is trying to take control of his or her mind 
B)  the individual perceives a threat where none exists 
C)  the individual's delusions are under auditory control 
D)  the individual develops a capacity to override or control his or her delusions

Question 19

Which of the following has been identified as making a unique or disproportionate contribution to female offending?

Accepted Answer

A)  offending at a young age 
B)  a lack of employment skills 
C)  substance abuse as a form of self-medication 
D)  all of the above 
A)  offending at a young age 
B)  a lack of employment skills 
C)  substance abuse as a form of self-medication 
D)  all of the above

Question 20

The responsivity principle can be regarded as

Accepted Answer

A)  a program principle 
B)  a matching principle 
C)  a psychological principle 
D)  a treatment principle 
A)  a program principle 
B)  a matching principle 
C)  a psychological principle 
D)  a treatment principle

Young offenders in early to middle adolescence are more likely to need interventions that address

Which of the following has not been identified as a potential problem for interventions which target violent offenders

The Personal, Interpersonal and Community-Reinforcement Theory posits that

Which of the following has been indicated in research drawn from across different correctional settings and across different jurisdictions

The test-operate-test-exit (TOTE) model conceives self-regulation as a

Helping a client to identify barriers to performing a particular behaviour and planning ways to overcome these is an example of

The weighting of the "big four" risk factors

One of the most striking feature of Lipsey's (2010) meta-analysis of juvenile offender treatment was

The provision of drug treatment is complicated by a number of issues. Which of the following was not identified by Visher, La Vigne, & Travis (2004) as one?

According to the Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential (ICAP) theory, the distribution of chronic offenders in the population at any age both is

Bennett, Holloway, and Farrington (2008) found the drug-crime nexus was greatest for

Although research supports the efficacy of R & R programmes, the findings indicate a need to take into account an individual's _ and _ context.

In addition to the stages of change, three key variables in the transtheoretical model of are

Causality Orientations Theory is an element of

Davey, Day, and Howells (2005) distinguished between two types of overcontrolled aggressive offender

The GLM places strong emphasis on the concepts of human agency due to its grounding in the ethical concept of _________

Using Gottfredson and Hirschi's (19990) general theory of crime, the common cause of drug use and crime is

Control override delusions are

Which of the following has been identified as making a unique or disproportionate contribution to female offending?

The responsivity principle can be regarded as

Filters

Exam 1: Foundations of Offender Rehabilitation

Young offenders in early to middle adolescence are more likely to need interventions that address

Which of the following has not been identified as a potential problem for interventions which target violent offenders

The Personal, Interpersonal and Community-Reinforcement Theory posits that

Which of the following has been indicated in research drawn from across different correctional settings and across different jurisdictions

The test-operate-test-exit (TOTE) model conceives self-regulation as a

Helping a client to identify barriers to performing a particular behaviour and planning ways to overcome these is an example of

The weighting of the "big four" risk factors

One of the most striking feature of Lipsey's (2010) meta-analysis of juvenile offender treatment was

The provision of drug treatment is complicated by a number of issues. Which of the following was not identified by Visher, La Vigne, & Travis (2004) as one?

According to the Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential (ICAP) theory, the distribution of chronic offenders in the population at any age both is

Bennett, Holloway, and Farrington (2008) found the drug-crime nexus was greatest for

Although research supports the efficacy of R & R programmes, the findings indicate a need to take into account an individual's _______ and _______ context.

In addition to the stages of change, three key variables in the transtheoretical model of are

Causality Orientations Theory is an element of

Davey, Day, and Howells (2005) distinguished between two types of overcontrolled aggressive offender

The GLM places strong emphasis on the concepts of human agency due to its grounding in the ethical concept of _________

Using Gottfredson and Hirschi's (19990) general theory of crime, the common cause of drug use and crime is

Control override delusions are

Which of the following has been identified as making a unique or disproportionate contribution to female offending?

The responsivity principle can be regarded as

Filters

Although research supports the efficacy of R & R programmes, the findings indicate a need to take into account an individual's _ and _ context.