Question 1

After a neurotransmitter is released and binds to a receptor, it is often returned to the originating neuron. This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  activation 
B)  reuptake 
C)  deactivation 
D)  magic 
E)  None of the above 
A)  activation 
B)  reuptake 
C)  deactivation 
D)  magic 
E)  None of the above B

Question 2

Enzyme inhibition frequently leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  induction 
B)  drug-drug interactions 
C)  phase 2 metabolism 
D)  exduction 
E)  None of the above 
A)  induction 
B)  drug-drug interactions 
C)  phase 2 metabolism 
D)  exduction 
E)  None of the above B

Question 3

Calculate the peak plasma concentration that results when a man weighing 104 kg ingests a 10. mg of a drug. Assume no loss to first pass metabolism and report your result in ug/L

Accepted Answer

A)  24 
B)  5.2 
C)  15 
D)  0.02 
E)  None of the above 
A)  24 
B)  5.2 
C)  15 
D)  0.02 
E)  None of the above A

Question 4

A drug that has ________ plasma protein binding (PPB) will tend to have a ______ volume of distribution (Vd)

Accepted Answer

A)  low, higher 
B)  low, lower 
C)  high, lower 
D)  high, higher 
E)  None of the above 
A)  low, higher 
B)  low, lower 
C)  high, lower 
D)  high, higher 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

Which of these factors could lead to death even if a person ingests less than the LD50 of a drug?

Accepted Answer

A)  being a poor metabolizer 
B)  being less tolerant to the drugs effects 
C)  being an extensive metabolizer 
D)  more than one of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  being a poor metabolizer 
B)  being less tolerant to the drugs effects 
C)  being an extensive metabolizer 
D)  more than one of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 6

The ED50 is

Accepted Answer

A)  the extended dose of the top 50 drugs by sales 
B)  the dose required to achieve a plasma concentration of 50 mg/L 
C)  the effective dose of a drug for 50% of a population 
D)  more than one of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  the extended dose of the top 50 drugs by sales 
B)  the dose required to achieve a plasma concentration of 50 mg/L 
C)  the effective dose of a drug for 50% of a population 
D)  more than one of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Drugs can move across a lipid bilayer from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration by

Accepted Answer

A)  passive transport 
B)  active transport 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  vaporization 
E)  None of the above 
A)  passive transport 
B)  active transport 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  vaporization 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

If a substance binds to the active site of an enzyme like a CYP and blocks a drug from docking there, this is called

Accepted Answer

A)  non-competitive inhibition 
B)  induction 
C)  abduction 
D)  competitive inhibition 
E)  None of the above 
A)  non-competitive inhibition 
B)  induction 
C)  abduction 
D)  competitive inhibition 
E)  None of the above

Question 9

A xenobiotic substance is one that is

Accepted Answer

A)  not normally found in the body 
B)  a metabolizing enzyme 
C)  is normally found in the body at high concentrations 
D)  plays a role in digestion and absorption 
E)  None of the above 
A)  not normally found in the body 
B)  a metabolizing enzyme 
C)  is normally found in the body at high concentrations 
D)  plays a role in digestion and absorption 
E)  None of the above

Question 10

Assume these are the approximate pH ranges in the GI tract and that pH is the only factor being considered.   In what region will the pH conditions be most favorable for absorption of a basic drug with a pKa of 5.7?

Accepted Answer

A)  Region 1 
B)  Region 2 
C)  Region 3 
D)  Equally in all three regions 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Region 1 
B)  Region 2 
C)  Region 3 
D)  Equally in all three regions 
E)  None of the above

Question 11

What form must a drug with an ionizable center be in to successfully partition across a lipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

A)  BH+/HA 
B)  BH+/A- 
C)  B/HA 
D)  B/A- 
E)  None of the above 
A)  BH+/HA 
B)  BH+/A- 
C)  B/HA 
D)  B/A- 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

Assume these are the approximate pH ranges in the GI tract and that pH is the only factor being considered.   In what region will the pH conditions be most favorable for absoption of an acidic drug with a pKa of 5?

Accepted Answer

A)  Region 1 
B)  Region 2 
C)  Region 3 
D)  Equally in all three regions 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Region 1 
B)  Region 2 
C)  Region 3 
D)  Equally in all three regions 
E)  None of the above

Question 13

A person weighing 145 lbs ingests a tablet containing 5 mg of a drug. A blood draw shows a Cp,max of 35 mg/L. What is the Vd of this drug in L/kg? Assume that bioavailability is 100%

Accepted Answer

A)  0.9 
B)  0.4 
C)  26 
D)  2 
E)  None of the above 
A)  0.9 
B)  0.4 
C)  26 
D)  2 
E)  None of the above

Question 14

Estimate the initial dose in mg of a drug if the Cp,max is found to be 0.25 mg/L and the Vd is 1.4. The person weighs 91 kg. Assume no loss to first pass metabolism

Accepted Answer

A)  5.1 
B)  1.3 
C)  45 
D)  32 
E)  None of the above 
A)  5.1 
B)  1.3 
C)  45 
D)  32 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

When a drug passes in a gap between two adjacent cells, this is called

Accepted Answer

A)  transcellular transport 
B)  vapor intrusion 
C)  paracellular transport 
D)  active transport 
E)  None of the above 
A)  transcellular transport 
B)  vapor intrusion 
C)  paracellular transport 
D)  active transport 
E)  None of the above

Question 16

A pain reliever formulation contains 8 mg of codeine phosphate (FW 397.4 g/mole). If a person takes two tablets, how many milligrams of codeine do they ingest? The formula weight of codeine is 299.4 g/mol.

Accepted Answer

A)  16 
B)  less than 1 
C)  8 
D)  12 
A)  16 
B)  less than 1 
C)  8 
D)  12

Question 17

Which of the following mode(s) of ingestion do not involve first pass metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  oral ingestion and intravenous ingestion 
B)  oral ingestion and smoking 
C)  smoking and intravenous injection 
D)  more than one of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  oral ingestion and intravenous ingestion 
B)  oral ingestion and smoking 
C)  smoking and intravenous injection 
D)  more than one of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 18

Some drugs like MDMA (Ecstasy, pKa 9.9) are so basic that they do not exist in any appreciable quantities in the neutral B form in the digestive tract. Yet, they are still absorbed. What factors allow for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Very large surface area of the GI tract 
B)  Rapid removal of any B molecules that do exist and transit the lipid bilayer 
C)  Movement of the liquid phases on both sides of the lipid bilayer 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Very large surface area of the GI tract 
B)  Rapid removal of any B molecules that do exist and transit the lipid bilayer 
C)  Movement of the liquid phases on both sides of the lipid bilayer 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

The drug methylphenidate is used to treat ADD. Its bioavailability is 30% and the Vd is 11. L/kg. If a teenager weighing 79 kg takes 2 tablets, each containing 20. mg of the drug, calculate the Cp,max in ug/L.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.07 
B)  14 
C)  37 
D)  4.9 
E)  None of the above 
A)  0.07 
B)  14 
C)  37 
D)  4.9 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Most of the phase 1 metabolic reactions of forensic interest are what type of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  CYPs 
B)  UGTs 
C)  Dehydrogenases 
D)  sulfatases 
E)  None of the above 
A)  CYPs 
B)  UGTs 
C)  Dehydrogenases 
D)  sulfatases 
E)  None of the above

After a neurotransmitter is released and binds to a receptor, it is often returned to the originating neuron. This process is called

Enzyme inhibition frequently leads to

Calculate the peak plasma concentration that results when a man weighing 104 kg ingests a 10. mg of a drug. Assume no loss to first pass metabolism and report your result in ug/L

A drug that has __ plasma protein binding (PPB) will tend to have a volume of distribution (V_d)

Which of these factors could lead to death even if a person ingests less than the LD50 of a drug?

The ED50 is

Drugs can move across a lipid bilayer from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration by

If a substance binds to the active site of an enzyme like a CYP and blocks a drug from docking there, this is called

A xenobiotic substance is one that is

Assume these are the approximate pH ranges in the GI tract and that pH is the only factor being considered. In what region will the pH conditions be most favorable for absorption of a basic drug with a pKa of 5.7?

What form must a drug with an ionizable center be in to successfully partition across a lipid bilayer?

Assume these are the approximate pH ranges in the GI tract and that pH is the only factor being considered. In what region will the pH conditions be most favorable for absoption of an acidic drug with a pKa of 5?

A person weighing 145 lbs ingests a tablet containing 5 mg of a drug. A blood draw shows a Cp,max of 35 mg/L. What is the V_d of this drug in L/kg? Assume that bioavailability is 100%

Estimate the initial dose in mg of a drug if the Cp,max is found to be 0.25 mg/L and the V_d is 1.4. The person weighs 91 kg. Assume no loss to first pass metabolism

When a drug passes in a gap between two adjacent cells, this is called

A pain reliever formulation contains 8 mg of codeine phosphate (FW 397.4 g/mole). If a person takes two tablets, how many milligrams of codeine do they ingest? The formula weight of codeine is 299.4 g/mol.

Which of the following mode(s) of ingestion do not involve first pass metabolism?

Some drugs like MDMA (Ecstasy, pKa 9.9) are so basic that they do not exist in any appreciable quantities in the neutral B form in the digestive tract. Yet, they are still absorbed. What factors allow for this?

The drug methylphenidate is used to treat ADD. Its bioavailability is 30% and the V_d is 11. L/kg. If a teenager weighing 79 kg takes 2 tablets, each containing 20. mg of the drug, calculate the Cp,max in ug/L.

Most of the phase 1 metabolic reactions of forensic interest are what type of enzymes?

Making Good Measurements

Assuring Good Measurements

Chemical Fundamentals

Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Spectroscopy

Overview of Drug Analysis

Novel Psychoactive Substances

Applications of Forensic Toxicology

Overview of Combustion Chemistry

Fire Investigation and Fire Debris Analysis

Explosives

Firearms and Firearms Discharge Residue

Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence Analysis

Filters

Exam 8: Fundamentals of Toxicology

After a neurotransmitter is released and binds to a receptor, it is often returned to the originating neuron. This process is called

Enzyme inhibition frequently leads to

Calculate the peak plasma concentration that results when a man weighing 104 kg ingests a 10. mg of a drug. Assume no loss to first pass metabolism and report your result in ug/L

A drug that has ________ plasma protein binding (PPB) will tend to have a ______ volume of distribution (Vd)

Which of these factors could lead to death even if a person ingests less than the LD50 of a drug?

The ED50 is

Drugs can move across a lipid bilayer from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration by

If a substance binds to the active site of an enzyme like a CYP and blocks a drug from docking there, this is called

A xenobiotic substance is one that is

Assume these are the approximate pH ranges in the GI tract and that pH is the only factor being considered. In what region will the pH conditions be most favorable for absorption of a basic drug with a pKa of 5.7?

What form must a drug with an ionizable center be in to successfully partition across a lipid bilayer?

Assume these are the approximate pH ranges in the GI tract and that pH is the only factor being considered. In what region will the pH conditions be most favorable for absoption of an acidic drug with a pKa of 5?

A person weighing 145 lbs ingests a tablet containing 5 mg of a drug. A blood draw shows a Cp,max of 35 mg/L. What is the Vd of this drug in L/kg? Assume that bioavailability is 100%

Estimate the initial dose in mg of a drug if the Cp,max is found to be 0.25 mg/L and the Vd is 1.4. The person weighs 91 kg. Assume no loss to first pass metabolism

When a drug passes in a gap between two adjacent cells, this is called

A pain reliever formulation contains 8 mg of codeine phosphate (FW 397.4 g/mole). If a person takes two tablets, how many milligrams of codeine do they ingest? The formula weight of codeine is 299.4 g/mol.

Which of the following mode(s) of ingestion do not involve first pass metabolism?

Some drugs like MDMA (Ecstasy, pKa 9.9) are so basic that they do not exist in any appreciable quantities in the neutral B form in the digestive tract. Yet, they are still absorbed. What factors allow for this?

The drug methylphenidate is used to treat ADD. Its bioavailability is 30% and the Vd is 11. L/kg. If a teenager weighing 79 kg takes 2 tablets, each containing 20. mg of the drug, calculate the Cp,max in ug/L.

Most of the phase 1 metabolic reactions of forensic interest are what type of enzymes?

Making Good Measurements

Assuring Good Measurements

Chemical Fundamentals

Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Spectroscopy

Overview of Drug Analysis

Novel Psychoactive Substances

Applications of Forensic Toxicology

Overview of Combustion Chemistry

Fire Investigation and Fire Debris Analysis

Explosives

Firearms and Firearms Discharge Residue

Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence Analysis

Filters

A drug that has __ plasma protein binding (PPB) will tend to have a volume of distribution (V_d)

A person weighing 145 lbs ingests a tablet containing 5 mg of a drug. A blood draw shows a Cp,max of 35 mg/L. What is the V_d of this drug in L/kg? Assume that bioavailability is 100%

Estimate the initial dose in mg of a drug if the Cp,max is found to be 0.25 mg/L and the V_d is 1.4. The person weighs 91 kg. Assume no loss to first pass metabolism

The drug methylphenidate is used to treat ADD. Its bioavailability is 30% and the V_d is 11. L/kg. If a teenager weighing 79 kg takes 2 tablets, each containing 20. mg of the drug, calculate the Cp,max in ug/L.