Question 1

Biological species consist of groups of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  populations 
B)  domains 
C)  families 
D)  genera 
A)  populations 
B)  domains 
C)  families 
D)  genera A

Question 2

Speciation requires ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  periods of rapid evolutionary change 
B)  geographic isolation 
C)  long periods of time 
D)  genetic isolation 
A)  periods of rapid evolutionary change 
B)  geographic isolation 
C)  long periods of time 
D)  genetic isolation D

Question 3

Of the following taxonomic levels,species found within the same ______ are the most closely related.

Accepted Answer

A)  family 
B)  phylum 
C)  order 
D)  domain 
A)  family 
B)  phylum 
C)  order 
D)  domain A

Question 4

Sympatric speciation specifically excludes ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral isolation 
B)  post-zygotic barriers 
C)  geographic isolation 
D)  temporal isolation 
A)  behavioral isolation 
B)  post-zygotic barriers 
C)  geographic isolation 
D)  temporal isolation

Question 5

The Permian mass extinction is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  an asteroid impact. 
B)  global warming. 
C)  the formation of Pangaea. 
D)  the diversification of mammals. 
A)  an asteroid impact. 
B)  global warming. 
C)  the formation of Pangaea. 
D)  the diversification of mammals.

Question 6

Which of the following taxonomic levels is most inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)  order 
B)  genus 
C)  family 
D)  class 
A)  order 
B)  genus 
C)  family 
D)  class

Question 7

Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces.This switch in function is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  paedomorphosis 
B)  punctuated equilibrium 
C)  convergent evolution 
D)  an exaptation 
A)  paedomorphosis 
B)  punctuated equilibrium 
C)  convergent evolution 
D)  an exaptation

Question 8

A period of mass extinction is often followed by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  explosive diversification 
B)  nonbranching evolution 
C)  global cooling 
D)  equilibrium 
A)  explosive diversification 
B)  nonbranching evolution 
C)  global cooling 
D)  equilibrium

Question 9

You are examining the fossil record and notice that through time a series of fossils exhibits very little change.During the period of time you are studying,this fossil lineage can be described as exhibiting ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift 
B)  punctuation 
C)  gradualism 
D)  equilibrium 
A)  genetic drift 
B)  punctuation 
C)  gradualism 
D)  equilibrium

Question 10

Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).
In some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called ligers. Male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. In the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. Furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences.
-Applying the biological species concept,the production of ligers reveals that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a new species called ligers is forming 
B)  tigers and lions are actually the same species 
C)  tigers and lions are separate species 
D)  lions are probably a subspecies of tigers 
A)  a new species called ligers is forming 
B)  tigers and lions are actually the same species 
C)  tigers and lions are separate species 
D)  lions are probably a subspecies of tigers

Question 11

Which of the following is a binomial?

Accepted Answer

A)  sapiens 
B)  Nitzschia jouseae 
C)  diatom 
D)  Rhizosolenia 
A)  sapiens 
B)  Nitzschia jouseae 
C)  diatom 
D)  Rhizosolenia

Question 12

Characid fishes only found naturally only in South America and Africa.Fossils of these fish are not found on any other continents.What is the most likely explanation of this distribution pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  These fishes arose in either Africa or South America and migrated across the South Atlantic Ocean to the other continent. 
B)  Characid fishes arose prior to the separation of the African and South American continents. 
C)  Characid fishes arose in the South Atlantic Ocean and migrated to Africa and South America. 
D)  Convergent evolution is responsible for the distribution of characid fishes. 
A)  These fishes arose in either Africa or South America and migrated across the South Atlantic Ocean to the other continent. 
B)  Characid fishes arose prior to the separation of the African and South American continents. 
C)  Characid fishes arose in the South Atlantic Ocean and migrated to Africa and South America. 
D)  Convergent evolution is responsible for the distribution of characid fishes.

Question 13

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon. The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species. 
B)  A tetraploid plant species evolves from a diploid ancestor. Both the tetraploid and diploid species are found in the same habitat. 
C)  One population breeds in the fall; another population breeds in the spring. 
D)  A male horse and a female donkey mate, producing a sterile hinny. 
A)  A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon. The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species. 
B)  A tetraploid plant species evolves from a diploid ancestor. Both the tetraploid and diploid species are found in the same habitat. 
C)  One population breeds in the fall; another population breeds in the spring. 
D)  A male horse and a female donkey mate, producing a sterile hinny.

Question 14

When two frog species,Rana pipiens and Rana sylvatica,mate,the offspring die early in embryonic development.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrid sterility 
B)  mechanical isolation 
C)  reduced hybrid viability 
D)  reduced hybrid fertility 
A)  hybrid sterility 
B)  mechanical isolation 
C)  reduced hybrid viability 
D)  reduced hybrid fertility

Question 15

When brought together in a zoo,two species are capable of mating and producing fertile offspring.Why may they still be considered two distinct species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wild populations of the two species have different geographic distributions. 
B)  In the wild, members of one species prey upon members of the other species. 
C)  Zoos are not natural environments. 
D)  The two species look very different. 
A)  Wild populations of the two species have different geographic distributions. 
B)  In the wild, members of one species prey upon members of the other species. 
C)  Zoos are not natural environments. 
D)  The two species look very different.

Question 16

Graphically,the graduated model of speciation can be described as appearing as a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Y 
B)  W 
C)  horizontal line with vertical branches 
D)  vertical line with horizontal branches 
A)  Y 
B)  W 
C)  horizontal line with vertical branches 
D)  vertical line with horizontal branches

Question 17

Analogous structures are evidence of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  common ancestry 
B)  divergent evolution 
C)  stabilizing selection 
D)  convergent evolution 
A)  common ancestry 
B)  divergent evolution 
C)  stabilizing selection 
D)  convergent evolution

Question 18

Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanic explosions. 
B)  sympatric speciation. 
C)  allopatric speciation. 
D)  mass extinction. 
A)  volcanic explosions. 
B)  sympatric speciation. 
C)  allopatric speciation. 
D)  mass extinction.

Question 19

Uranium-235,with a half-life of 713,000,000 years,decays to lead-207.If a rock sample is determined to have one-quarter of the uranium-235 content it had when it formed,the age of the rock sample can be estimated to be approximately ______ years old.

Accepted Answer

A)  178 million 
B)  713 million 
C)  28.5 billion 
D)  1.4 billion 
A)  178 million 
B)  713 million 
C)  28.5 billion 
D)  1.4 billion

Question 20

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi that live on land 
B)  bacteria that only reproduce asexually 
C)  complex plants that have flowers 
D)  animals that use asexual and sexual reproduction 
A)  fungi that live on land 
B)  bacteria that only reproduce asexually 
C)  complex plants that have flowers 
D)  animals that use asexual and sexual reproduction

Exam 14: How Biological Diversity Evolves

Biological species consist of groups of ______.

Speciation requires ______.

Of the following taxonomic levels,species found within the same ______ are the most closely related.

Sympatric speciation specifically excludes ______.

The Permian mass extinction is associated with

Which of the following taxonomic levels is most inclusive?

Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces.This switch in function is an example of ______.

A period of mass extinction is often followed by ______.

You are examining the fossil record and notice that through time a series of fossils exhibits very little change.During the period of time you are studying,this fossil lineage can be described as exhibiting ______.

Which of the following is a binomial?

Characid fishes only found naturally only in South America and Africa.Fossils of these fish are not found on any other continents.What is the most likely explanation of this distribution pattern?

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation?

When two frog species,Rana pipiens and Rana sylvatica,mate,the offspring die early in embryonic development.This is an example of ______.

When brought together in a zoo,two species are capable of mating and producing fertile offspring.Why may they still be considered two distinct species?

Graphically,the graduated model of speciation can be described as appearing as a ______.

Analogous structures are evidence of ______.

Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following except

Uranium-235,with a half-life of 713,000,000 years,decays to lead-207.If a rock sample is determined to have one-quarter of the uranium-235 content it had when it formed,the age of the rock sample can be estimated to be approximately ______ years old.

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ______.

Introduction- Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of DNA

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

The Evolution of Microbial Life

Plants, Fungi, and the Move onto Land

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Body's Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

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