Question 1

What type of chemical bond joins the bases of complementary DNA strands?

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic 
B)  covalent 
C)  hydrophilic 
D)  hydrogen 
A)  ionic 
B)  covalent 
C)  hydrophilic 
D)  hydrogen D

Question 2

Peptide bonds form between ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids 
B)  an mRNA codon and a tRNA anticodon 
C)  a tRNA and the amino acid it is carrying 
D)  an mRNA transcript and the small ribosomal subunit 
A)  amino acids 
B)  an mRNA codon and a tRNA anticodon 
C)  a tRNA and the amino acid it is carrying 
D)  an mRNA transcript and the small ribosomal subunit A

Question 3

Consider the following figure.It indicates that a single amino acid substitution ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  always involves adenine and uracil 
B)  may alter a protein so that it no longer functions properly 
C)  is a silent mutation 
D)  causes a nonsense mutation 
A)  always involves adenine and uracil 
B)  may alter a protein so that it no longer functions properly 
C)  is a silent mutation 
D)  causes a nonsense mutation B

Question 4

The figure below shows the flow of genetic information in a eukaryotic cell.The transfer of information from DNA into an RNA molecule is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  polypeptide 
D)  translation 
A)  DNA replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  polypeptide 
D)  translation

Question 5

Plant viruses ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  often use RNA, rather than DNA, as their genetic material 
B)  benefit plants, rather than causing disease 
C)  cause diseases that can be easily cured 
D)  do not exist-viruses only attack animals 
A)  often use RNA, rather than DNA, as their genetic material 
B)  benefit plants, rather than causing disease 
C)  cause diseases that can be easily cured 
D)  do not exist-viruses only attack animals

Question 6

How can bacteriophage DNA be spread from cell to cell without causing cell death?

Accepted Answer

A)  by altering the way a cell splices its RNA 
B)  via a lytic cycle 
C)  via a lysogenic cycle 
D)  by altering its DNA 
A)  by altering the way a cell splices its RNA 
B)  via a lytic cycle 
C)  via a lysogenic cycle 
D)  by altering its DNA

Question 7

The expressed (coding)regions of eukaryotic genes are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  caps 
B)  promoters 
C)  exons 
D)  introns 
A)  caps 
B)  promoters 
C)  exons 
D)  introns

Question 8

Please read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).
While working with cultured mouse cells, a researcher unknowingly treated the cells with a mutagen that causes the deletion or insertion of individual nucleotides in DNA. Subsequently, she isolated and cultured a single cell from this group. She noticed that the progeny of this cell were not producing a certain protein and that this affected their survival.
-The mutation that resulted from her accident was probably ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  an amino acid substitution 
B)  one that changed the triplet grouping of the genetic message 
C)  an error in translation 
D)  a loss in regulation of gene expression 
A)  an amino acid substitution 
B)  one that changed the triplet grouping of the genetic message 
C)  an error in translation 
D)  a loss in regulation of gene expression

Question 9

RNA contains the nitrogenous base ______ instead of ______,which is only found in DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  a deoxyribose sugar... a ribose sugar 
B)  uracil... thymine 
C)  uracil... guanine 
D)  thymine... uracil 
A)  a deoxyribose sugar... a ribose sugar 
B)  uracil... thymine 
C)  uracil... guanine 
D)  thymine... uracil

Question 10

A mutation within a gene that will insert a premature stop codon in mRNA would ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  result in a polypeptide that is one amino acid shorter than the one produced prior to the mutation 
B)  result in a shortened polypeptide chain 
C)  change the location at which transcription of the next gene begins 
D)  have the same effect as deleting a single nucleotide in the gene 
A)  result in a polypeptide that is one amino acid shorter than the one produced prior to the mutation 
B)  result in a shortened polypeptide chain 
C)  change the location at which transcription of the next gene begins 
D)  have the same effect as deleting a single nucleotide in the gene

Question 11

How many nucleotides make up a codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five

Question 12

Mad cow disease is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a retrovirus similar to HIV. 
B)  an enveloped virus. 
C)  small circular RNA molecules called viroids. 
D)  infectious proteins called prions. 
A)  a retrovirus similar to HIV. 
B)  an enveloped virus. 
C)  small circular RNA molecules called viroids. 
D)  infectious proteins called prions.

Question 13

What is the smallest number of nucleotides that must be added or subtracted to change the triplet grouping of the genetic message?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four

Question 14

If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence GTCCAT,what is the sequence of the other strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTTGC 
B)  TGAACG 
C)  CAGGTA 
D)  CAGGUA 
A)  ACTTGC 
B)  TGAACG 
C)  CAGGTA 
D)  CAGGUA

Question 15

Thymine and cytosine differ from adenine and guanine in that

Accepted Answer

A)  thymine and cytosine are single-ring structures, whereas adenine and guanine are double-ring structures. 
B)  thymine and cytosine are only found in DNA, whereas adenine and guanine are found in both DNA and RNA. 
C)  thymine and cytosine are only found in DNA, whereas adenine and guanine are only found in RNA. 
D)  thymine and cytosine are larger nitrogenous bases. 
A)  thymine and cytosine are single-ring structures, whereas adenine and guanine are double-ring structures. 
B)  thymine and cytosine are only found in DNA, whereas adenine and guanine are found in both DNA and RNA. 
C)  thymine and cytosine are only found in DNA, whereas adenine and guanine are only found in RNA. 
D)  thymine and cytosine are larger nitrogenous bases.

Question 16

How many amino acids are common to all living systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  100 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  100

Question 17

The DNA codon AGT codes for an amino acid carried by a tRNA with the anticodon ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  TCU 
B)  AGU 
C)  TCA 
D)  AGT 
A)  TCU 
B)  AGU 
C)  TCA 
D)  AGT

Question 18

The shared genetic code of all life on Earth is evidence that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the genetic code arose relatively late in the history of life on Earth 
B)  DNA replication is error-free 
C)  all life shares a common ancestry 
D)  bacterial cells arose earlier than eukaryotic cells 
A)  the genetic code arose relatively late in the history of life on Earth 
B)  DNA replication is error-free 
C)  all life shares a common ancestry 
D)  bacterial cells arose earlier than eukaryotic cells

Question 19

Translation converts the information stored in ______ to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA... RNA 
B)  RNA... a polypeptide 
C)  DNA... a polypeptide 
D)  RNA... DNA 
A)  DNA... RNA 
B)  RNA... a polypeptide 
C)  DNA... a polypeptide 
D)  RNA... DNA

Question 20

What name is given to the collection of traits exhibited by an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  holotype 
B)  genotype 
C)  phenotype 
D)  morphology 
A)  holotype 
B)  genotype 
C)  phenotype 
D)  morphology

Exam 10: The Structure and Function of DNA

What type of chemical bond joins the bases of complementary DNA strands?

Peptide bonds form between ______.

Consider the following figure.It indicates that a single amino acid substitution ______.

The figure below shows the flow of genetic information in a eukaryotic cell.The transfer of information from DNA into an RNA molecule is known as ______.

Plant viruses ______.

How can bacteriophage DNA be spread from cell to cell without causing cell death?

The expressed (coding)regions of eukaryotic genes are called ______.

RNA contains the nitrogenous base ______ instead of ______,which is only found in DNA.

A mutation within a gene that will insert a premature stop codon in mRNA would ______.

How many nucleotides make up a codon?

Mad cow disease is caused by

What is the smallest number of nucleotides that must be added or subtracted to change the triplet grouping of the genetic message?

If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence GTCCAT,what is the sequence of the other strand?

Thymine and cytosine differ from adenine and guanine in that

How many amino acids are common to all living systems?

The DNA codon AGT codes for an amino acid carried by a tRNA with the anticodon ______.

The shared genetic code of all life on Earth is evidence that ______.

Translation converts the information stored in ______ to ______.

What name is given to the collection of traits exhibited by an organism?

Introduction- Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

Plants, Fungi, and the Move onto Land

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Body's Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters

RNA contains the nitrogenous base instead of ,which is only found in DNA.

Translation converts the information stored in to .