Exam 5: Socialization

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Conflict theorists view the socialization process as a way for those in power to maintain their dominance and control over the less powerful. They see socialization as a tool used by the ruling class to perpetuate inequality and maintain the status quo. Conflict theorists believe that socialization teaches individuals to accept and internalize the norms and values of the dominant group, leading to the reproduction of social inequalities.

On the other hand, functionalists view the socialization process as a way for society to ensure its stability and cohesion. They see socialization as a means of transmitting shared values, norms, and beliefs to individuals, which in turn helps to maintain social order and harmony. Functionalists believe that socialization is essential for creating well-adjusted and productive members of society.

While conflict theorists and functionalists both recognize the importance of socialization in shaping individuals and maintaining social order, they differ in their perspectives. Conflict theorists emphasize the role of power and inequality in the socialization process, while functionalists focus on the role of shared values and norms in maintaining social stability. Both perspectives highlight the impact of socialization on individuals and society, but they approach the subject from different angles, with conflict theorists focusing on power dynamics and functionalists focusing on social cohesion.

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Social norms are the unwritten rules and expectations that govern behavior within a society. They dictate how individuals should behave in various social situations and are often based on cultural and societal values. Social norms play a significant role in maintaining order and cohesion within a society, as they help to guide and regulate individual behavior.

We learn social norms through a process of socialization, which occurs through interactions with family, peers, schools, and the media. These influential sources help to shape our understanding of what is considered acceptable and appropriate behavior in different social contexts.

One example of a social norm is the expectation of personal space. In many cultures, it is considered rude to stand too close to someone during a conversation, and individuals are expected to maintain a certain distance to respect the other person's personal space. Another example is the norm of politeness, which includes saying "please" and "thank you" as well as using polite language and gestures when interacting with others.

The significance of social norms in society is that they help to create a sense of order and predictability in social interactions. They also serve as a form of social control, as individuals who deviate from these norms may face social consequences such as disapproval or ostracism. Overall, social norms play a crucial role in shaping and regulating behavior within a society.