Question 1

The Principle of Double Effect is used by …

Accepted Answer

A)  Utilitarians 
B)  Cultural relativists 
C)  Natural Law theorists 
D)  Kantians 
A)  Utilitarians 
B)  Cultural relativists 
C)  Natural Law theorists 
D)  Kantians C

Question 2

According to virtue ethics, the most basic question of morality is …

Accepted Answer

A)  Which values should I seek to promote? 
B)  What kind of person should I be? 
C)  Which rule should I follow? 
D)  How might my actions affect others? 
A)  Which values should I seek to promote? 
B)  What kind of person should I be? 
C)  Which rule should I follow? 
D)  How might my actions affect others? B

Question 3

According to Ross, a moral agent evaluates an action in a situation by reflecting on …

Accepted Answer

A)  Moral rules that apply to relevantly similar situations 
B)  Her prima facie duties given the action's right- and wrong-making features 
C)  What a virtuous person, acting in character, would do in relevantly similar situations 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Moral rules that apply to relevantly similar situations 
B)  Her prima facie duties given the action's right- and wrong-making features 
C)  What a virtuous person, acting in character, would do in relevantly similar situations 
D)  All of the above B

Question 4

Explain why virtue ethics might face the problems of indeterminacy, relativity of virtue, and weak evidence for the existence of moral character.

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics may face the problem of in

Question 5

State what you consider the best reason for, and the best reason against, normative cultural relativism.

Accepted Answer

The best reason for normative cultural r

Question 6

Carol Gilligan believes that rights and justice …

Accepted Answer

A)  Are not emphasized enough in ethical theory 
B)  Are overly emphasized in ethical theory 
C)  Are the key to understanding morality 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Are not emphasized enough in ethical theory 
B)  Are overly emphasized in ethical theory 
C)  Are the key to understanding morality 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

If Natural Law theory is correct, then …

Accepted Answer

A)  Morality is objective 
B)  The origin of morality is society 
C)  Knowing the right thing to do is impossible 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Morality is objective 
B)  The origin of morality is society 
C)  Knowing the right thing to do is impossible 
D)  All of the above

Question 8

Chapter 2's closing remarks argue that the moral theories can sharpen our thinking about what to do or believe morally in a situation. What does this mean? Illustrate with examples. Suggestion: use some of the cases presented in the chapter.

Accepted Answer

In Chapter 2's closing remarks, the argu

Question 9

The Divine Command theory assumes that …

Accepted Answer

A)  Nothing but God can create moral laws 
B)  God's authority is necessary for moral rectitude 
C)  God exists 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Nothing but God can create moral laws 
B)  God's authority is necessary for moral rectitude 
C)  God exists 
D)  All of the above

Question 10

Ross attempted to justify his list of seven prima facie duties by appeal to …

Accepted Answer

A)  Fundamental moral principles that imply those duties 
B)  Intuition and self-evidence 
C)  Common morality 
D)  What a virtuous agent, acting in character, does 
A)  Fundamental moral principles that imply those duties 
B)  Intuition and self-evidence 
C)  Common morality 
D)  What a virtuous agent, acting in character, does

Question 11

In Rossian ethics, a moral reason to act or abstain from acting in a certain way is one's actual duty in the case that …

Accepted Answer

A)  It is one's duty, other things being equal 
B)  It is one's duty, all things considered 
C)  It follows from an absolute moral principle 
D)  It is mandated by statute 
A)  It is one's duty, other things being equal 
B)  It is one's duty, all things considered 
C)  It follows from an absolute moral principle 
D)  It is mandated by statute

Question 12

Given consequentialism, a medical decision for a patient is right in the case that …

Accepted Answer

A)  It treats the patient as a person 
B)  It maximizes health benefits, or minimizes harms 
C)  It distributes health care resources fairly 
D)  All of the above 
A)  It treats the patient as a person 
B)  It maximizes health benefits, or minimizes harms 
C)  It distributes health care resources fairly 
D)  All of the above

Question 13

Kant calls 'maxim' …

Accepted Answer

A)  A principle of action that agrees with common morality 
B)  A principle of action that one would follow under ideal conditions 
C)  A principle of action that one gives to oneself 
D)  A principle of action that agrees with human nature 
A)  A principle of action that agrees with common morality 
B)  A principle of action that one would follow under ideal conditions 
C)  A principle of action that one gives to oneself 
D)  A principle of action that agrees with human nature

Question 14

According to moral particularism, the right thing to do for an agent in a situation depends on …

Accepted Answer

A)  A universally valid moral rule 
B)  Intuition about her actual duty in the situation 
C)  Moral discernment on the details of the situation 
D)  What the virtuous agent, acting in character, would do in a similar situation 
A)  A universally valid moral rule 
B)  Intuition about her actual duty in the situation 
C)  Moral discernment on the details of the situation 
D)  What the virtuous agent, acting in character, would do in a similar situation

Question 15

One objection to utilitarianism is that …

Accepted Answer

A)  It amounts to the rejection of morality 
B)  It may lead to treating individuals unfairly 
C)  It takes lying to be always wrong 
D)  All of the above 
A)  It amounts to the rejection of morality 
B)  It may lead to treating individuals unfairly 
C)  It takes lying to be always wrong 
D)  All of the above

Question 16

Why does classical utilitarianism amount to a position that is neither altruism nor egoism?

Accepted Answer

Classical utilitarianism is a normative

Question 17

The moral theory inspired by Carol Gilligan's In a Different Voice is known as …

Accepted Answer

A)  Care ethics 
B)  Ethical egoism 
C)  Natural law ethics 
D)  Utilitarianism 
A)  Care ethics 
B)  Ethical egoism 
C)  Natural law ethics 
D)  Utilitarianism

Question 18

An objection to normative cultural relativism is that …

Accepted Answer

A)  It can be false, even if descriptive relativism is true 
B)  It is incompatible with the Divine Command theory 
C)  It fails to capture moral diversity 
D)  All of the above 
A)  It can be false, even if descriptive relativism is true 
B)  It is incompatible with the Divine Command theory 
C)  It fails to capture moral diversity 
D)  All of the above

Question 19

Mill's ethical theory is a form of …

Accepted Answer

A)  Pluralist ethics 
B)  Act utilitarianism 
C)  Ethical relativism 
D)  Virtue ethics 
A)  Pluralist ethics 
B)  Act utilitarianism 
C)  Ethical relativism 
D)  Virtue ethics

Question 20

State the Principle of Double Effect and discuss under which circumstances, if any, the principle might justify harvesting donated organs from anencephalic newborns.

Accepted Answer

The Principle of Double Effect is a mora

The Principle of Double Effect is used by …

According to virtue ethics, the most basic question of morality is …

According to Ross, a moral agent evaluates an action in a situation by reflecting on …

Explain why virtue ethics might face the problems of indeterminacy, relativity of virtue, and weak evidence for the existence of moral character.

State what you consider the best reason for, and the best reason against, normative cultural relativism.

Carol Gilligan believes that rights and justice …

If Natural Law theory is correct, then …

Chapter 2's closing remarks argue that the moral theories can sharpen our thinking about what to do or believe morally in a situation. What does this mean? Illustrate with examples. Suggestion: use some of the cases presented in the chapter.

The Divine Command theory assumes that …

Ross attempted to justify his list of seven prima facie duties by appeal to …

In Rossian ethics, a moral reason to act or abstain from acting in a certain way is one's actual duty in the case that …

Given consequentialism, a medical decision for a patient is right in the case that …

Kant calls 'maxim' …

According to moral particularism, the right thing to do for an agent in a situation depends on …

One objection to utilitarianism is that …

Why does classical utilitarianism amount to a position that is neither altruism nor egoism?

The moral theory inspired by Carol Gilligan's In a Different Voice is known as …

An objection to normative cultural relativism is that …

Mill's ethical theory is a form of …

State the Principle of Double Effect and discuss under which circumstances, if any, the principle might justify harvesting donated organs from anencephalic newborns.

The Study of Morality

Principle-Oriented and Case-Oriented Bioethics

Managing Patient Information

Consent With Competence and Without

Death and Dying

When Life Supports Are Futile or Refused

Medically Assisted Death

End-Of-Life Measures for Severely Compromised Newborns

Personhood in the Abortion Debate

Abortion in the Typical Case

Abortion in the Hard Cases

Conflicts of Rights at Lifes Beginning

New Reproductive Technologies

Human Genetic Engineering

Biomedical Research on Animals

Biomedical Research on Humans

Justice in Healthcare

Appendix A: The Tools of Ethical Inquiry

Appendix B: Evolving Attitudes toward Ending or Preventing Human Life

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Exam 2: Philosophical Accounts of Morality

The Principle of Double Effect is used by …

According to virtue ethics, the most basic question of morality is …

According to Ross, a moral agent evaluates an action in a situation by reflecting on …

Explain why virtue ethics might face the problems of indeterminacy, relativity of virtue, and weak evidence for the existence of moral character.

State what you consider the best reason for, and the best reason against, normative cultural relativism.

Carol Gilligan believes that rights and justice …

If Natural Law theory is correct, then …

Chapter 2's closing remarks argue that the moral theories can sharpen our thinking about what to do or believe morally in a situation. What does this mean? Illustrate with examples. Suggestion: use some of the cases presented in the chapter.

The Divine Command theory assumes that …

Ross attempted to justify his list of seven prima facie duties by appeal to …

In Rossian ethics, a moral reason to act or abstain from acting in a certain way is one's actual duty in the case that …

Given consequentialism, a medical decision for a patient is right in the case that …

Kant calls 'maxim' …

According to moral particularism, the right thing to do for an agent in a situation depends on …

One objection to utilitarianism is that …

Why does classical utilitarianism amount to a position that is neither altruism nor egoism?

The moral theory inspired by Carol Gilligan's In a Different Voice is known as …

An objection to normative cultural relativism is that …

Mill's ethical theory is a form of …

State the Principle of Double Effect and discuss under which circumstances, if any, the principle might justify harvesting donated organs from anencephalic newborns.

The Study of Morality

Principle-Oriented and Case-Oriented Bioethics

Managing Patient Information

Consent With Competence and Without

Death and Dying

When Life Supports Are Futile or Refused

Medically Assisted Death

End-Of-Life Measures for Severely Compromised Newborns

Personhood in the Abortion Debate

Abortion in the Typical Case

Abortion in the Hard Cases

Conflicts of Rights at Lifes Beginning

New Reproductive Technologies

Human Genetic Engineering

Biomedical Research on Animals

Biomedical Research on Humans

Justice in Healthcare

Appendix A: The Tools of Ethical Inquiry

Appendix B: Evolving Attitudes toward Ending or Preventing Human Life

Filters