Exam 4: Emergence of the Us Racial Hierarchy

Describe the ways gender and sexuality intersect with racial/ethnic inequality to reinforce white racial domination, during slavery and through the processes of colonialism in the United States.

This refers to expectations about appropriate behavior for men and women that varies along racial lines.

The term _______________ was introduced by sociologists Oliver and Shapiro to describe how government policies have impaired the ability of blacks to accumulate wealth and facilitated white wealth accumulation, with slavery being the most blatant example.

Upon encountering Europeans, many Africans, Native Americans, and Mexicans were subjected to notions of gender and sexuality that often challenged their cultural norms.

Explain the emergence of the concept of race and the creation of a societal hierarchy that is based upon physical appearance.

Which of the following did NOT contribute to the emergence of the concept of "race" and the racial hierarchy worldview?

Initial low population estimates of the number of indigenous people in North America upon European arrival were politically motivated: it helped portray the European conquest of North America as legitimate because it was depicted as a relatively uninhabited continent.

Engaging with theoretical perspectives from both Karl Marx and Oliver Cromwell Cox, describe how capitalism, colonialism, and racism are historically linked and continually reinforce each other.

Describe the unique historical exploitation of African Americans, Native Americans and Mexican Americans. Compare and contrast the exploitation of each group.

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons Africans were originally enslaved in the New World.

Cox argues that American racism, particularly in the South, was created by _________because it benefitted them: they could exploit black workers and keep white workers from realizing their potential solidarity with the black working class. Such a "divide and conquer" strategy benefits capitalism in that a divided workforce has less power in the labor market.

Contact between different racial/ethnic groups leads inevitably to racial/ethnic inequality.

Cultural ideologies are fueled through _______, which are exaggerated and/or simplified portrayals of an entire group of people, based upon misinformation or mischaracterizations.

Which of the following racial/ethnic minority groups did NOT resist their oppression and exploitation?

Prior to World War II, unions had a long history of racial segregation that was maintained through violence and coercion, which served the interests of minority workers by keeping competition in the job market to a minimum.