Question 1

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a secondary group?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are larger and more anonymous than primary groups. 
B)  They are often formal or impersonal. 
C)  They tend to be based on specific roles or activities. 
D)  They sometimes break down into primary groups. 
E)  They depend on emotional intimacy for their existence. 
A)  They are larger and more anonymous than primary groups. 
B)  They are often formal or impersonal. 
C)  They tend to be based on specific roles or activities. 
D)  They sometimes break down into primary groups. 
E)  They depend on emotional intimacy for their existence.

Question 2

According to Robert Putnam, what does the decline in bowling leagues indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing anomie and a decline in collective bonds 
B)  a shift from secondary groups to primary groups 
C)  the increasing irrelevance of reference groups 
D)  the decline in exercise in favor of electronic media 
E)  the strength of weak ties 
A)  increasing anomie and a decline in collective bonds 
B)  a shift from secondary groups to primary groups 
C)  the increasing irrelevance of reference groups 
D)  the decline in exercise in favor of electronic media 
E)  the strength of weak ties

Question 3

The sociologist Joseph Conti studied the World Trade Organization as a social network. According to Conti, how is power measured within this sort of social network?

Accepted Answer

A)  The most powerful members are those who most often win their disputes with other members. 
B)  The most powerful members are those with the most connections to other members. 
C)  The most powerful members are those who are involved in the fewest disputes with other members. 
D)  The most powerful members are those who can most often change the minds of other members. 
E)  The most powerful members are those who most often act ethically and morally. 
A)  The most powerful members are those who most often win their disputes with other members. 
B)  The most powerful members are those with the most connections to other members. 
C)  The most powerful members are those who are involved in the fewest disputes with other members. 
D)  The most powerful members are those who can most often change the minds of other members. 
E)  The most powerful members are those who most often act ethically and morally.

Question 4

Describe the three types of conformity that can result from peer pressure.

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists argue that social i

Question 5

A producer for a cable news show is feeling insecure and complains to her boss that she isn't very smart and that she only does well because she's scared of being yelled at. Her boss tells her to stop whining and not worry about it. He says, "I'm a results-based guy, I don't care why it works as long as it works!" What leadership style do you think her boss has?

Accepted Answer

A)  traditional 
B)  charismatic 
C)  expressive 
D)  instrumental 
E)  rational-legal 
A)  traditional 
B)  charismatic 
C)  expressive 
D)  instrumental 
E)  rational-legal

Question 6

If some sociologists set out to measure group cohesion within a neighborhood, which statement would you least expect to find on their survey?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Overall, I find this neighborhood very attractive." 
B)  "I visit with my neighbors in their homes." 
C)  "If my neighbors were planning something, I would think of it as something 'we' were doing rather than something 'they' were doing." 
D)  "I feel a sense of loyalty to my neighbors." 
E)  "I feel comfortable in all sorts of neighborhoods." 
A)  "Overall, I find this neighborhood very attractive." 
B)  "I visit with my neighbors in their homes." 
C)  "If my neighbors were planning something, I would think of it as something 'we' were doing rather than something 'they' were doing." 
D)  "I feel a sense of loyalty to my neighbors." 
E)  "I feel comfortable in all sorts of neighborhoods."

Question 7

The sense of solidarity, or team spirit, that an individual feels toward her group is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  influential power 
B)  expressive leadership 
C)  group cohesion 
D)  anomie 
E)  instrumental leadership 
A)  influential power 
B)  expressive leadership 
C)  group cohesion 
D)  anomie 
E)  instrumental leadership

Question 8

Although individuals always feel loyalty toward their in-group, under what circumstances would this loyalty be particularly strong?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the in-group is particularly large 
B)  when the individual has belonged to the in-group for a short time 
C)  when the out-group is from another city than the in-group 
D)  when the out-group has a great deal of interaction with the in-group 
E)  when the differences between the in-group and the out-group are sharply defined 
A)  when the in-group is particularly large 
B)  when the individual has belonged to the in-group for a short time 
C)  when the out-group is from another city than the in-group 
D)  when the out-group has a great deal of interaction with the in-group 
E)  when the differences between the in-group and the out-group are sharply defined

Question 9

In 1978 Jim Jones, the leader of the People's Temple, forced more than 900 of his followers to commit suicide at gun point by drinking poisoned Flavor Aid. In the run-up to this event, Jones had strictly enforced discipline, mocking and ridiculing anyone who expressed doubts, at times even having doubters sedated. This extreme effort to enforce conformity is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the expressive self. 
B)  the Twenty Statements Test. 
C)  bureaucracy. 
D)  peer pressure. 
E)  an out-group. 
A)  the expressive self. 
B)  the Twenty Statements Test. 
C)  bureaucracy. 
D)  peer pressure. 
E)  an out-group.

Question 10

The Twenty Statements Test asks respondents to make twenty true statements about themselves that begin with the phrase "I am." Why is this test discussed in a chapter about social groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was developed to measure the extent to which individuals follow the norms of their primary groups. 
B)  It helps sociologists understand the extent to which group norms constrain individuals. 
C)  It measures anomie. 
D)  It helps to map social networks by establishing what social ties exist between people. 
E)  It was developed to measure the extent to which we base our identity on membership in groups. 
A)  It was developed to measure the extent to which individuals follow the norms of their primary groups. 
B)  It helps sociologists understand the extent to which group norms constrain individuals. 
C)  It measures anomie. 
D)  It helps to map social networks by establishing what social ties exist between people. 
E)  It was developed to measure the extent to which we base our identity on membership in groups.

Question 11

If an individual belongs to a group whose members are mostly anonymous to one another, then that group is almost certainly a:

Accepted Answer

A)  triad. 
B)  secondary group. 
C)  primary group. 
D)  professional group. 
E)  social network. 
A)  triad. 
B)  secondary group. 
C)  primary group. 
D)  professional group. 
E)  social network.

Question 12

What is the danger of too much group cohesion?

Accepted Answer

A)  It leads to endless rounds of discussion that tend to preclude any real action. 
B)  It makes group members more susceptible to anomie, normlessness. 
C)  It reduces the degree to which members are attracted to the group. 
D)  It can lead to groupthink, in which dissenting opinions are strongly discouraged. 
E)  It makes it much harder for the group to achieve goals. 
A)  It leads to endless rounds of discussion that tend to preclude any real action. 
B)  It makes group members more susceptible to anomie, normlessness. 
C)  It reduces the degree to which members are attracted to the group. 
D)  It can lead to groupthink, in which dissenting opinions are strongly discouraged. 
E)  It makes it much harder for the group to achieve goals.

Question 13

When group members withhold their reservations and criticisms for the sake of consensus, they are engaging in:

Accepted Answer

A)  group solidarity. 
B)  laissez-faire decision making. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  expressive leadership. 
E)  group dynamics. 
A)  group solidarity. 
B)  laissez-faire decision making. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  expressive leadership. 
E)  group dynamics.

Question 14

Simon Langlois studied government employment in Quebec. He found that even though the government had made efforts to formalize recruitment, over 40 percent of those surveyed found their jobs through personal contacts. In the majority of those cases, the personal contacts were fairly casual, not close friends. What principle is demonstrated here?

Accepted Answer

A)  the strength of weak ties 
B)  the power of strong triads 
C)  the way reference groups affect people's behavior 
D)  the role group cohesion plays in determining behavior 
E)  the power of groupthink 
A)  the strength of weak ties 
B)  the power of strong triads 
C)  the way reference groups affect people's behavior 
D)  the role group cohesion plays in determining behavior 
E)  the power of groupthink

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of McDonaldization, as George Ritzer used the term?

Accepted Answer

A)  The McLibel support campaign, created to support members of a London environmental group being sued by McDonald's for libel over the contents of a fact sheet they distributed. 
B)  A worker says, "Sometimes I felt just like a robot. You push a button and you go this way. You become a mechanical nut." 
C)  A small farmer who raises organic free-range chickens says, "Sometimes it's really hard waking up before dawn and working to keep your flocks healthy, but in the end it's very rewarding, both emotionally and financially." 
D)  An apprentice that makes guitars in a workshop says, "You would never believe the hard work, the discipline, that go into the making of a single guitar, often custom made, for a specific client. It takes hundreds of hours of hard, careful labor, every step deliberated." 
E)  A guest at a bed-and-breakfast said, "It was marvelous, the innkeepers treated us like family. It was so comfortable and friendly, and charming and romantic." 
A)  The McLibel support campaign, created to support members of a London environmental group being sued by McDonald's for libel over the contents of a fact sheet they distributed. 
B)  A worker says, "Sometimes I felt just like a robot. You push a button and you go this way. You become a mechanical nut." 
C)  A small farmer who raises organic free-range chickens says, "Sometimes it's really hard waking up before dawn and working to keep your flocks healthy, but in the end it's very rewarding, both emotionally and financially." 
D)  An apprentice that makes guitars in a workshop says, "You would never believe the hard work, the discipline, that go into the making of a single guitar, often custom made, for a specific client. It takes hundreds of hours of hard, careful labor, every step deliberated." 
E)  A guest at a bed-and-breakfast said, "It was marvelous, the innkeepers treated us like family. It was so comfortable and friendly, and charming and romantic."

Question 16

What is social loafing? How could it impact a group of college students working on a group presentation? What solutions does Chapter 5 offer for this issue?

Accepted Answer

In social loafing, as individuals are ad

Question 17

Some students at a college form an intramural softball team. They play other teams from their school and from the area every Sunday in a conveniently located park. If a sociologist wanted to determine if the team was a primary or a secondary group, which might she consider?

Accepted Answer

A)  the age of the players 
B)  the desire to win of the players 
C)  the innate skill of the players 
D)  the shared hobbies of the players 
E)  the importance of winning to the players 
A)  the age of the players 
B)  the desire to win of the players 
C)  the innate skill of the players 
D)  the shared hobbies of the players 
E)  the importance of winning to the players

Question 18

Bicycle races like the Tour de France have individual heroes but are actually team events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The Solomon Asch experiment, in which a group of subjects were asked to compare the lengths of lines, demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A)  an authoritarian leader can strongly influence group members. 
B)  groups have great power to induce conformity. 
C)  the larger the group is, the less each member has a sense of individual responsibility. 
D)  when people are given a relatively simple task, they're unlikely to conform to a larger group. 
E)  peer pressure emerges when a group's task is relatively difficult or demanding. 
A)  an authoritarian leader can strongly influence group members. 
B)  groups have great power to induce conformity. 
C)  the larger the group is, the less each member has a sense of individual responsibility. 
D)  when people are given a relatively simple task, they're unlikely to conform to a larger group. 
E)  peer pressure emerges when a group's task is relatively difficult or demanding.

Question 20

How have social networking websites affected social groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  They diminish the importance of primary groups, but not secondary, groups. 
B)  They reinforce the importance of bureaucracies. 
C)  They make primary groups expand to include many more members than before. 
D)  They minimize the importance of secondary groups, especially those associated with shared interests or education. 
E)  They help people make the most of both their primary and secondary groups. 
A)  They diminish the importance of primary groups, but not secondary, groups. 
B)  They reinforce the importance of bureaucracies. 
C)  They make primary groups expand to include many more members than before. 
D)  They minimize the importance of secondary groups, especially those associated with shared interests or education. 
E)  They help people make the most of both their primary and secondary groups.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a secondary group?

According to Robert Putnam, what does the decline in bowling leagues indicate?

The sociologist Joseph Conti studied the World Trade Organization as a social network. According to Conti, how is power measured within this sort of social network?

Describe the three types of conformity that can result from peer pressure.

If some sociologists set out to measure group cohesion within a neighborhood, which statement would you least expect to find on their survey?

The sense of solidarity, or team spirit, that an individual feels toward her group is called:

Although individuals always feel loyalty toward their in-group, under what circumstances would this loyalty be particularly strong?

The Twenty Statements Test asks respondents to make twenty true statements about themselves that begin with the phrase "I am." Why is this test discussed in a chapter about social groups?

If an individual belongs to a group whose members are mostly anonymous to one another, then that group is almost certainly a:

What is the danger of too much group cohesion?

When group members withhold their reservations and criticisms for the sake of consensus, they are engaging in:

Which of the following is an example of McDonaldization, as George Ritzer used the term?

What is social loafing? How could it impact a group of college students working on a group presentation? What solutions does Chapter 5 offer for this issue?

Some students at a college form an intramural softball team. They play other teams from their school and from the area every Sunday in a conveniently located park. If a sociologist wanted to determine if the team was a primary or a secondary group, which might she consider?

Bicycle races like the Tour de France have individual heroes but are actually team events.

The Solomon Asch experiment, in which a group of subjects were asked to compare the lengths of lines, demonstrated that:

How have social networking websites affected social groups?

Sociology and the Real World

Studying Social Life: Sociological Research Methods

Cultural Crossroads

The Self and Interaction

Deviance

Social Class: the Structure of Inequality

Race and Ethnicity As Lived Experience

Constructing Gender and Sexuality

The Macro-Micro Link in Social Institutions: Politics, Education, and Religion

The Economy, Work, and Working

Life at Home

Leisure and Media

Health and Illness

City and Country: the Social World and the Natural World

Social Change: Looking Toward Tomorrow

Filters

Exam 5: Separate and Together: Life in Groups

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a secondary group?

According to Robert Putnam, what does the decline in bowling leagues indicate?

The sociologist Joseph Conti studied the World Trade Organization as a social network. According to Conti, how is power measured within this sort of social network?

Describe the three types of conformity that can result from peer pressure.

If some sociologists set out to measure group cohesion within a neighborhood, which statement would you least expect to find on their survey?

The sense of solidarity, or team spirit, that an individual feels toward her group is called:

Although individuals always feel loyalty toward their in-group, under what circumstances would this loyalty be particularly strong?

The Twenty Statements Test asks respondents to make twenty true statements about themselves that begin with the phrase "I am." Why is this test discussed in a chapter about social groups?

If an individual belongs to a group whose members are mostly anonymous to one another, then that group is almost certainly a:

What is the danger of too much group cohesion?

When group members withhold their reservations and criticisms for the sake of consensus, they are engaging in:

Which of the following is an example of McDonaldization, as George Ritzer used the term?

What is social loafing? How could it impact a group of college students working on a group presentation? What solutions does Chapter 5 offer for this issue?

Some students at a college form an intramural softball team. They play other teams from their school and from the area every Sunday in a conveniently located park. If a sociologist wanted to determine if the team was a primary or a secondary group, which might she consider?

Bicycle races like the Tour de France have individual heroes but are actually team events.

The Solomon Asch experiment, in which a group of subjects were asked to compare the lengths of lines, demonstrated that:

How have social networking websites affected social groups?

Sociology and the Real World

Studying Social Life: Sociological Research Methods

Cultural Crossroads

The Self and Interaction

Deviance

Social Class: the Structure of Inequality

Race and Ethnicity As Lived Experience

Constructing Gender and Sexuality

The Macro-Micro Link in Social Institutions: Politics, Education, and Religion

The Economy, Work, and Working

Life at Home

Leisure and Media

Health and Illness

City and Country: the Social World and the Natural World

Social Change: Looking Toward Tomorrow

Filters