Question 1

The terms either and neither usually signal the beginning of a

Accepted Answer

A)  negation. 
B)  conditional. 
C)  conjunction. 
D)  disjunction. 
A)  negation. 
B)  conditional. 
C)  conjunction. 
D)  disjunction.

Question 2

The symbolic form of modus tollens is
p v q
~p
$\therefore$ q

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

If just one statement in a conjunction is false, the whole conjunction is false.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What are the four steps of the short method?

Accepted Answer

The "short method" can refer to various

Question 5

What is the name of the following argument form?
P $\rightarrow$ q
Q $\rightarrow$ r
$\therefore$
 p $\rightarrow$r

Accepted Answer

A)  Denying the consequent 
B)  Disjunctive syllogism 
C)  Modus tollens 
D)  Hypothetical syllogism 
A)  Denying the consequent 
B)  Disjunctive syllogism 
C)  Modus tollens 
D)  Hypothetical syllogism

Question 6

In propositional logic, the denial of a statement is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  reductio ad absurdum. 
B)  negation. 
C)  refutation. 
D)  disjunction. 
A)  reductio ad absurdum. 
B)  negation. 
C)  refutation. 
D)  disjunction.

Question 7

The following is an accurate truth table for a disjunction:
 $$\begin{array} { l c c } 
p & q & p \& q \
\hline T & T & T \
T & F & F \
F & T & F \
F & F & F
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What are truth tables? How can truth tables be used to check the validity of arguments?

Accepted Answer

Truth tables are a method used in logic

Question 9

Propositional logic is the branch of deductive reasoning that deals with the logical relationships among

Accepted Answer

A)  truth values. 
B)  arguments. 
C)  conditionals. 
D)  statements. 
A)  truth values. 
B)  arguments. 
C)  conditionals. 
D)  statements.

Question 10

What is the symbolization for denying the antecedent?

Accepted Answer

A)  p v q ~p
$\therefore$
 q 
B)  P q
$\therefore$
p & q 
C)  p v q
Q $\rightarrow$ r
$\therefore$
 p$\rightarrow$ r 
D)  p $\rightarrow$ q
~p
$\therefore$
~q 
A)  p v q ~p
$\therefore$
 q 
B)  P q
$\therefore$
p & q 
C)  p v q
Q $\rightarrow$ r
$\therefore$
 p$\rightarrow$ r 
D)  p $\rightarrow$ q
~p
$\therefore$
~q

Question 11

What argument form does this truth table illustrate?
$$\begin{array} { c c c c c } 
x & y & z  & x \rightarrow y & y \rightarrow z& x \rightarrow z \
\hline T & T & T & T & T &T\
T&T&F&T&F&F\
T&F&T&F&T&T \
T&F&F&F&T&T\
F&T&T&T&T&T\
F&T&F&T&F&T\F&F&T&T&T&T\F&F&F&T&T&T
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

A)  Affirming the consequent 
B)  Modus ponens 
C)  Hypothetical syllogism 
D)  Modus tollens 
A)  Affirming the consequent 
B)  Modus ponens 
C)  Hypothetical syllogism 
D)  Modus tollens

Question 12

Identify three of the most common rules of inference and give examples of how they are used.

Accepted Answer

Three of the most common rules of infere

Question 13

What is the name of the following rule of replacement?
~~p$ \equiv$ p
P $ \equiv$ ~~p

Accepted Answer

A)  Simplification 
B)  Tautology 
C)  Modus tollens 
D)  Double negation 
A)  Simplification 
B)  Tautology 
C)  Modus tollens 
D)  Double negation

Question 14

The truth table for a two-variable argument has eight rows.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What symbolized argument does this truth table illustrate?
$$\begin{array} { l c c c } 
a & b & a \& b & a \
\hline T & T & T & T \
T & F & F & T \
F & T & F & F \
F & F & F & F
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

A)  a & b 
$\therefore$
 a 
B)  a & b ~a
$\therefore$
 b 
C)  a & b
B & a
$\therefore$
 a 
D)  ~a & b
$\therefore$
 a 
A)  a & b 
$\therefore$
 a 
B)  a & b ~a
$\therefore$
 b 
C)  a & b
B & a
$\therefore$
 a 
D)  ~a & b
$\therefore$
 a

Question 16

What is the method of proof? When and how is it used?

Accepted Answer

The method of proof is a systematic appr

Question 17

A conditional is false only when the antecedent is _______ and the consequent is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  true; false 
B)  false; false 
C)  true; true 
D)  false; true 
A)  true; false 
B)  false; false 
C)  true; true 
D)  false; true

Question 18

"It is not the case that the car is red and the truck is blue" can be symbolized by

Accepted Answer

A)  ~p & q. 
B)  ~(p v q). 
C)  ~(p & q). 
D)  ~p & ~ q. 
A)  ~p & q. 
B)  ~(p v q). 
C)  ~(p & q). 
D)  ~p & ~ q.

Question 19

The sentence "Aaron and Robin are a team" is an example of a compound statement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Distribution and contraposition are names for two kinds of

Accepted Answer

A)  logical connective. 
B)  compound statement. 
C)  rules of replacement. 
D)  rules of inference. 
A)  logical connective. 
B)  compound statement. 
C)  rules of replacement. 
D)  rules of inference.

The terms either and neither usually signal the beginning of a

The symbolic form of modus tollens is p v q ~p $\therefore$ q

If just one statement in a conjunction is false, the whole conjunction is false.

What are the four steps of the short method?

What is the name of the following argument form? P $\rightarrow$ q Q $\rightarrow$ r $\therefore$ p $\rightarrow$ r

In propositional logic, the denial of a statement is called a

The following is an accurate truth table for a disjunction: p q p\&q T T T T F F F T F F F F

What are truth tables? How can truth tables be used to check the validity of arguments?

Propositional logic is the branch of deductive reasoning that deals with the logical relationships among

What is the symbolization for denying the antecedent?

What argument form does this truth table illustrate? x y z x\rightarrowy y\rightarrowz x\rightarrowz T T T T T T T T F T F F T F T F T T T F F F T T F T T T T T F T F T F T F F T T T T F F F T T T

Identify three of the most common rules of inference and give examples of how they are used.

What is the name of the following rule of replacement? p $\equiv$ p P $\equiv$ p

The truth table for a two-variable argument has eight rows.

What symbolized argument does this truth table illustrate? a b a\&b a T T T T T F F T F T F F F F F F

What is the method of proof? When and how is it used?

A conditional is false only when the antecedent is _ and the consequent is _.

"It is not the case that the car is red and the truck is blue" can be symbolized by

The sentence "Aaron and Robin are a team" is an example of a compound statement.

Distribution and contraposition are names for two kinds of

The Power of Critical Thinking

Obstacles to Critical Thinking

Making Sense of Arguments

Reasons for Belief and Doubt

Media Manipulation: Fake News, Bias, and Advertising

Fallacies and Persuaders

Deductive Reasoning: Categorical Logic

Inductive Reasoning

Inference to the Best Explanation

Judging Scientific Theories

Critical Thinking in Morality and the Law

Filters

Exam 7: Deductive Reasoning: Propositional Logic

The terms either and neither usually signal the beginning of a

The symbolic form of modus tollens is p v q ~p ∴\therefore∴ q

If just one statement in a conjunction is false, the whole conjunction is false.

What are the four steps of the short method?

What is the name of the following argument form? P →\rightarrow→ q Q →\rightarrow→ r ∴\therefore∴ p →\rightarrow→ r

In propositional logic, the denial of a statement is called a

The following is an accurate truth table for a disjunction: p q p\&q T T T T F F F T F F F F

What are truth tables? How can truth tables be used to check the validity of arguments?

Propositional logic is the branch of deductive reasoning that deals with the logical relationships among

What is the symbolization for denying the antecedent?

What argument form does this truth table illustrate? x y z x\rightarrowy y\rightarrowz x\rightarrowz T T T T T T T T F T F F T F T F T T T F F F T T F T T T T T F T F T F T F F T T T T F F F T T T

Identify three of the most common rules of inference and give examples of how they are used.

What is the name of the following rule of replacement? ~~p ≡ \equiv≡ p P ≡ \equiv≡ ~~p

The truth table for a two-variable argument has eight rows.

What symbolized argument does this truth table illustrate? a b a\&b a T T T T T F F T F T F F F F F F

What is the method of proof? When and how is it used?

A conditional is false only when the antecedent is _______ and the consequent is _______.

"It is not the case that the car is red and the truck is blue" can be symbolized by

The sentence "Aaron and Robin are a team" is an example of a compound statement.

Distribution and contraposition are names for two kinds of

The Power of Critical Thinking

Obstacles to Critical Thinking

Making Sense of Arguments

Reasons for Belief and Doubt

Media Manipulation: Fake News, Bias, and Advertising

Fallacies and Persuaders

Deductive Reasoning: Categorical Logic

Inductive Reasoning

Inference to the Best Explanation

Judging Scientific Theories

Critical Thinking in Morality and the Law

Filters

The symbolic form of modus tollens is p v q ~p $\therefore$ q

What is the name of the following argument form? P $\rightarrow$ q Q $\rightarrow$ r $\therefore$ p $\rightarrow$ r

What is the name of the following rule of replacement? p $\equiv$ p P $\equiv$ p

A conditional is false only when the antecedent is _ and the consequent is _.