Exam 9: The Changing Meaning of Community

Crime prevention through environmental design advocated the use of outside public places such as yards to prevent crime instead of architectural design of structures to reduce crime.

What are the two schools of thought in crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)? Explain how they differ from each other.What were the tactics?

Traditional police tactics include rapid response to crimes, routine patrol, criminal investigations, making arrests, and inspecting licensed premises.

Legislative/administrative programs are the traditional police methods aimed at reducing opportunities or arresting criminals.

A relatively new community crime prevention program is preventive patrol by uniform officers.

According to social disorganization theory, crime rates were higher in inner-city areas that were characterized as:

claims that there is a calculus, or decision-making process, that people perform when deciding to commit crime.Criminals make decisions to commit crime to fulfill some need or purpose.

Criminal behavioral change refers to making changes that discourage criminal behavior.

proposes that a crime consists of three elements: (1) a motivated criminal, (2) a target or object of a crime, and (3) the absence of guardianship.

Crime prevention programs use public media campaigns to prevent crime.Which of the following would be consider true regarding the relationship between the media and the police?

Bursik and Grasmick (1993) identified three levels of social control.Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Target hardening is where measures are taken to make it more difficult to commit a crime.

A variation of neighborhood watch is the community anti-drug campaign.

Explain the three types of social control and how they affect the community.