Exam 5: Conditioning, Reinforcement, Punishment, and Learning

If your dog was classically conditioned to run to the door when you pick up a leash to go for a walk, what might extinguish this behaviour?

The likelihood that a previous response will occur again is decreased by _________.

Along with Rosalie Rayner, _________ demonstrated the conditioning of fear in an 11-month-old infant.

Which of the following psychologists is NOT associated with the study of classical conditioning?

In Watson's experiment with Little Albert, the unconditioned stimulus was

Irrational fears called _________ are thought to be caused by classical conditioning.

Which prominent psychologist worked in advertising after leaving the university where he conducted the famous Little Albert experiment?

________ reinforcers satisfy a biological need.

By which of the following mechanisms might exposure to media violence contribute to an increase in real-life aggressive behaviour?

Studies on latent learning involving maze learning in rats found that rats acquired a mental representation of the spatial layout of the maze called a(n)

According to your text, one reason that people play slot machines so enthusiastically is because

While Watson and Raynor showed that classical conditioning can be used to evoke fear, researchers from McGill University found that classical conditioning can impact which of the following?

After Little Albert was conditioned by Watson and Rayner to fear a white rat; he also displayed fear responses to a white rabbit and a white coat. This is an example of

__________ is defined as increase in the probability of a behaviour following the delivery of astimulus.

A researcher examines the speed with which participants acquire an association between a neutral stimulus and a pleasant facial expression on the one hand or a hostile expression on the other. In such an investigation, facial expression is the _________ variable.

Which of the following reflects successful applications of behaviour modification?

Josh's paycheque is a(n) _________ reinforcer.

Melissa is afraid of needles and she also squirms when she views injections on television. This example illustrates

Amanda was trying to train her dog to sit using operant conditioning. Every time her dog sat, she immediately said "good dog." However, the dog did not sit on command. Which of the following is the best explanation for this?

Observational learning research suggests that seeing others reinforced for particular behaviours may encourage our own acquisition of similar behaviours. To what extent is exposure to media violence associated with the acquisition of aggressive behaviour? Support your answer with reference to empirical research. Describe two or three specific mechanisms by which exposure to media violence might increase the likelihood of aggressive behaviour.