Exam 8: Order Management and Customer Service
Explain how order management and customer service are related.
How an organization receives an order (electronically versus manually), how it fills an order (inventory policy and number and location of warehouses), and how it ships an order (mode choice and its impacts on delivery times) are all dictated by how an organization manages an order.
Customer service, on the other hand, is anything that touches the customer. This includes all activities that impact information flow, product flow, and cash flow between the organization and its customers. Customer service can be described as a philosophy, as performance measures, or as an activity. Customer service as a philosophy elevates customer service to an organization-wide commitment to providing customer satisfaction through superior customer service. This view of customer service is entirely consistent with many organizations' emphasis on value management, elevates it to the strategic level within an organization, and makes it visible to top executives.
Most organizations employ all three definitions of customer service in their order management process. Figure 8-1 (in the text)?shows one way in which order management and customer service are related. As this figure shows, customer service is involved in both influencing a customer's order as well as in executing the customer's order. The topics in this figure will be discussed in more detail in this chapter.
Customer service is often viewed as the primary interface between logistics and marketing. Discuss the nature of this interface and how it might be changing.
Customer service is often the key link between logistics and marketing within an organization. If the logistics system, particularly outbound logistics, is not functioning properly and a customer does not receive a delivery as promised, the organization could lose both current and future revenue. Manufacturing can produce a quality product at the right cost and marketing can sell it, but if logistics does not deliver it when and where promised, the customer will not be satisfied.
The traditional role of customer service is at the interface between marketing and logistics. This relationship manifests itself in this perspective through the "place" dimension of the marketing mix, which is often used synonymously with channel-of-distribution decisions and the associated customer service levels provided. In this context, logistics plays a static role that is based upon minimizing the total cost of the various logistics activities within a given set of service levels, most likely determined by marketing.
However, logistics today is taking on a more dynamic role in influencing customer service levels as well as in impacting an organization's financial position. Again, appropriate examples here would include both Dell and Walmart that have both used logistics and customer service to reduce product prices, increase product availability, and reduce lead times to customers. These two organizations have gained an appreciation for the impact of dynamic logistics systems on their financial positions.
Reserve Inventory and Determine Delivery Date has traditionally been referred to as order processing.
True
Activity-based costing works well in warehouse-type environments but does not work for customer service applications.
Explain the impacts of order cycle time length and variability on both buyers and sellers.
There are two parts to the order management process. The first is _____ and the second is _____.
With the proper information on how a customer's interaction with the shipper drives the firm's costs, the firm can then segment its customers by profitability.
A driving force behind the attention to OTC cycle variability is safety stock. The absolute length of the order cycle will influence demand inventory.
From a marketing perspective, logistics customer service can be thought of as a feature of the augmented product that adds value for the customer.
Traditional customer profitability analyses would start with _____ less returns and allowances (net sales) and subtract the cost of goods sold.
Order management system represents the principal means by which:
As the level of substitutability for a product increases, its stockout costs to the manufacturer:
Customer relationship management is a new concept only recently receiving attention.
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