Exam 8: Epidemiological Methods in Sport and Exercise Science

The web of causation can be defined such that the effect may be the result of a complex interaction of causes, so that the main cause can be isolated.

The term that is defined as the ratio of the rate in a population subgroup exposed to an agent that is believed to cause a disease, injury, or death to the rate in a population subgroup not exposed is called ________________________.

Which is the measure defined as number of exposed cases/number of unexposed cases divided by number of exposed controls/number of unexposed controls?

Which is NOT true of temporality?

Community-based or clinic-based interventions are based on the presumption that the associations found in epidemiological studies are causal rather than occurring by chance or through some bias.

The study design that follows a group of similar cohorts, who differ with respect to certain factors under study, to determine how these factors affect rates of a particular outcome is called ________________________.

Consistency of association is the ability to explain the association between death and disease and a proposed cause.

Coherence is the association between a proposed cause and the known biology and natural history of a disease.

Which is NOT one of the factors cited as the checklist for causality in epidemiological studies?

The term that is defined as the measure of the number of new cases of disease or injury during a defined period of time, divided by the product of the number of persons monitored during the same time, is called ________________________.

What is true of the web of causation? Select all that apply.

The term that is defined as a cause-and effect relationship in which the effect of one exposure on disease risk is modified by the presence of another exposure is called _________________________.

What is true of cross-sectional studies? Select all that apply.

The term which is defined as a cause-and-effect relationship in which two events are very common and therefore are associated, but not in a causal way is called ________________________.

The study design that compares subjects with the disease with those absent of the disease and for differences between those two groups is called ________________________.

What is true of bias? Select all that apply.

In the epidemiological triad model, the factors associated with the host are age, gender, or race/ethnicity.

Which is NOT true of the cross-sectional study design?

What is true of the odds ratio? Select all that apply.

Which is the measure defined as number of persons who have an attribute/disease at a particular time divided by the population at risk of having an attribute/disease at this point in time?