Question 1

Which of the following statements is a criticism of Robert Martinson's work:

Accepted Answer

A)  he was looking for evidence that rehabilitation worked 
B)  he did not use modern statistical techniques 
C)  he reviewed too many studies to have accurate results 
D)  about half of the studies he reviewed showed that interventions actually reduced recidivism 
A)  he was looking for evidence that rehabilitation worked 
B)  he did not use modern statistical techniques 
C)  he reviewed too many studies to have accurate results 
D)  about half of the studies he reviewed showed that interventions actually reduced recidivism D

Question 2

Today, American correctional policy has moved in which direction?

Accepted Answer

A)  punitive 
B)  rehabilitative 
C)  restorative justice 
D)  reentry 
A)  punitive 
B)  rehabilitative 
C)  restorative justice 
D)  reentry A

Question 3

Martinson's results and conclusions received widespread support because which of the following:

Accepted Answer

A)  there was little research available aside from Martinson's work 
B)  the results provided overwhelming support 
C)  given the prevailing social context people were ready to hear what they already "knew to be true" 
D)  the high quality study ensured that the results were true 
A)  there was little research available aside from Martinson's work 
B)  the results provided overwhelming support 
C)  given the prevailing social context people were ready to hear what they already "knew to be true" 
D)  the high quality study ensured that the results were true C

Question 4

Compare and contrast conservative and liberal views on why rehabilitation does not reduce recidivism. Do they share similarities? What are the differences?

Accepted Answer

Conservative and liberal views on why re

Question 5

Which of the following theories is not fundamentally different from rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

A)  retribution 
B)  early intervention 
C)  deterrence 
D)  incapacitation 
A)  retribution 
B)  early intervention 
C)  deterrence 
D)  incapacitation

Question 6

Beginning in the mid-1970s, what change occurred to the correctional system?

Accepted Answer

A)  states began to see that rehabilitation was successful and called for increased interventions 
B)  states began to question indeterminate sentencing and to call for sentencing in which judicial and parole board discretion was eliminated or curtailed 
C)  states ran out of money and rehabilitation was no longer a viable option 
D)  states allowed criminal justice officials to have more discretion in their treatment and punishment decisions 
A)  states began to see that rehabilitation was successful and called for increased interventions 
B)  states began to question indeterminate sentencing and to call for sentencing in which judicial and parole board discretion was eliminated or curtailed 
C)  states ran out of money and rehabilitation was no longer a viable option 
D)  states allowed criminal justice officials to have more discretion in their treatment and punishment decisions

Question 7

Correctional theories that are implemented are most affected by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  existing policies 
B)  the prevailing social context 
C)  the number of incarcerated criminals 
D)  the efficiency of the theory 
A)  existing policies 
B)  the prevailing social context 
C)  the number of incarcerated criminals 
D)  the efficiency of the theory

Question 8

Describe what rehabilitation is and how it proposes to reduce recidivism. What are the underlying assumptions of this perspective?

Accepted Answer

Rehabilitation is a process that aims to

Question 9

The word penitentiary is important because it represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the view that prisons might be used to morally reform offenders 
B)  the view that prisons should have maximum security measures in place 
C)  the view that prisons are needed to hold offenders in a confined area to protect society 
D)  the view that prisons are not necessary to protect society and should be minimally used 
A)  the view that prisons might be used to morally reform offenders 
B)  the view that prisons should have maximum security measures in place 
C)  the view that prisons are needed to hold offenders in a confined area to protect society 
D)  the view that prisons are not necessary to protect society and should be minimally used

Question 10

According to Taxman, Perdoni, and Harrison (2007), why are correctional treatment programs not always effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  rehabilitation does not work 
B)  only a small percentage of inmates are enrolled in them 
C)  there are not enough programs available in correctional institutions 
D)  treatment is too inconsistent to meet each offender's needs 
A)  rehabilitation does not work 
B)  only a small percentage of inmates are enrolled in them 
C)  there are not enough programs available in correctional institutions 
D)  treatment is too inconsistent to meet each offender's needs

Question 11

Which of the following is not a consequence of mass incarceration?

Accepted Answer

A)  it is no longer sustainable to incarcerate so many people 
B)  many Americans are concerned about the number of people locked up 
C)  a disproportionate number of minorities are incarcerated 
D)  states have collectively determined how to effectively incarcerate a large number of people 
A)  it is no longer sustainable to incarcerate so many people 
B)  many Americans are concerned about the number of people locked up 
C)  a disproportionate number of minorities are incarcerated 
D)  states have collectively determined how to effectively incarcerate a large number of people

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of indeterminate sentencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  offenders know how much time they will serve behind bars at the time of sentencing 
B)  offenders are given a range of sentencing possibilities and serve their time in prison within that timeframe 
C)  offenders are retained in prison until they are reformed 
D)  offenders are not initially sent to prison but will be if they commit another offense 
A)  offenders know how much time they will serve behind bars at the time of sentencing 
B)  offenders are given a range of sentencing possibilities and serve their time in prison within that timeframe 
C)  offenders are retained in prison until they are reformed 
D)  offenders are not initially sent to prison but will be if they commit another offense

Question 13

Which of the following statements is not true about the concept of rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

A)  assumes that criminal behavior is caused by some factor 
B)  the decision to commit crime is heavily influenced by social surroundings, psychological development, or biological makeup 
C)  asserts that the choice to break the law is not a matter of "free will" but does not deny that people make choices 
D)  completely denies the role of choice when offenders break the law 
A)  assumes that criminal behavior is caused by some factor 
B)  the decision to commit crime is heavily influenced by social surroundings, psychological development, or biological makeup 
C)  asserts that the choice to break the law is not a matter of "free will" but does not deny that people make choices 
D)  completely denies the role of choice when offenders break the law

Question 14

Explain why Martinson's (1974) work was so widely accepted. How did this work affect correctional policy and what are its limitations?

Accepted Answer

Martinson's (1974) work, often referred

Question 15

According to Robert Martinson's published essay in 1974:

Accepted Answer

A)  he concluded that rehabilitation had no effect on recidivism 
B)  he concluded that rehabilitation was somewhat effective at reducing recidivism, but needed more evidence 
C)  he concluded that rehabilitation was effective at reducing recidivism 
D)  he concluded that there was not enough research to determine the effects of rehabilitation on recidivism 
A)  he concluded that rehabilitation had no effect on recidivism 
B)  he concluded that rehabilitation was somewhat effective at reducing recidivism, but needed more evidence 
C)  he concluded that rehabilitation was effective at reducing recidivism 
D)  he concluded that there was not enough research to determine the effects of rehabilitation on recidivism

Question 16

Rehabilitation embraces which of the following models?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional 
B)  psychological 
C)  medical 
D)  behavioral 
A)  emotional 
B)  psychological 
C)  medical 
D)  behavioral

Question 17

Individualized treatment or rehabilitation advocates believed the correctional system should include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  determinate sentencing 
B)  discretion for criminal justice officials 
C)  indeterminate sentencing 
D)  a parole board 
A)  determinate sentencing 
B)  discretion for criminal justice officials 
C)  indeterminate sentencing 
D)  a parole board

Question 18

During the reforms between the 1950s to the late 1960s, which of the following was not made to the correctional system?

Accepted Answer

A)  a range of treatment programs were introduced to institutions 
B)  prisons were relabeled correctional institutions 
C)  offenders received the same treatments and were not classified by their treatment needs 
D)  community corrections emerged to reintegrate inmates into society 
A)  a range of treatment programs were introduced to institutions 
B)  prisons were relabeled correctional institutions 
C)  offenders received the same treatments and were not classified by their treatment needs 
D)  community corrections emerged to reintegrate inmates into society

Question 19

Which era was known as the "age of reform" because of the diverse social and governmental reforms undertaken:

Accepted Answer

A)  Colonial Era 
B)  Modern Era 
C)  Gilded Age Era 
D)  Progressive Era 
A)  Colonial Era 
B)  Modern Era 
C)  Gilded Age Era 
D)  Progressive Era

Question 20

Which of the following statements is an example of a criminogenic risk factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  hanging out with friends who do drugs and participate in shenanigans 
B)  playing sports in school 
C)  quietly doing your homework in your room 
D)  participating in family game night instead of going out on the weekend 
A)  hanging out with friends who do drugs and participate in shenanigans 
B)  playing sports in school 
C)  quietly doing your homework in your room 
D)  participating in family game night instead of going out on the weekend

Which of the following statements is a criticism of Robert Martinson's work:

Today, American correctional policy has moved in which direction?

Martinson's results and conclusions received widespread support because which of the following:

Compare and contrast conservative and liberal views on why rehabilitation does not reduce recidivism. Do they share similarities? What are the differences?

Which of the following theories is not fundamentally different from rehabilitation?

Beginning in the mid-1970s, what change occurred to the correctional system?

Correctional theories that are implemented are most affected by which of the following?

Describe what rehabilitation is and how it proposes to reduce recidivism. What are the underlying assumptions of this perspective?

The word penitentiary is important because it represents which of the following?

According to Taxman, Perdoni, and Harrison (2007), why are correctional treatment programs not always effective?

Which of the following is not a consequence of mass incarceration?

Which of the following is an example of indeterminate sentencing?

Which of the following statements is not true about the concept of rehabilitation?

Explain why Martinson's (1974) work was so widely accepted. How did this work affect correctional policy and what are its limitations?

According to Robert Martinson's published essay in 1974:

Rehabilitation embraces which of the following models?

Individualized treatment or rehabilitation advocates believed the correctional system should include all of the following except:

During the reforms between the 1950s to the late 1960s, which of the following was not made to the correctional system?

Which era was known as the "age of reform" because of the diverse social and governmental reforms undertaken:

Which of the following statements is an example of a criminogenic risk factor?

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

Correctional Theory in Crisis: Americas Changing Context

Just Deserts: Doing Justice or Getting Tough

Just Deserts: Doing Justice or Getting Tough

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

Filters

Exam 2: Correctional Theory in Crisis: Americas Changing Context

Which of the following statements is a criticism of Robert Martinson's work:

Today, American correctional policy has moved in which direction?

Martinson's results and conclusions received widespread support because which of the following:

Compare and contrast conservative and liberal views on why rehabilitation does not reduce recidivism. Do they share similarities? What are the differences?

Which of the following theories is not fundamentally different from rehabilitation?

Beginning in the mid-1970s, what change occurred to the correctional system?

Correctional theories that are implemented are most affected by which of the following?

Describe what rehabilitation is and how it proposes to reduce recidivism. What are the underlying assumptions of this perspective?

The word penitentiary is important because it represents which of the following?

According to Taxman, Perdoni, and Harrison (2007), why are correctional treatment programs not always effective?

Which of the following is not a consequence of mass incarceration?

Which of the following is an example of indeterminate sentencing?

Which of the following statements is not true about the concept of rehabilitation?

Explain why Martinson's (1974) work was so widely accepted. How did this work affect correctional policy and what are its limitations?

According to Robert Martinson's published essay in 1974:

Rehabilitation embraces which of the following models?

Individualized treatment or rehabilitation advocates believed the correctional system should include all of the following except:

During the reforms between the 1950s to the late 1960s, which of the following was not made to the correctional system?

Which era was known as the "age of reform" because of the diverse social and governmental reforms undertaken:

Which of the following statements is an example of a criminogenic risk factor?

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

Correctional Theory in Crisis: Americas Changing Context

Just Deserts: Doing Justice or Getting Tough

Just Deserts: Doing Justice or Getting Tough

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

Filters