Question 1

Briefly outline and describe the six major ideas of retribution. What would correctional policy look like if it used a purely retributive theory?

Accepted Answer

Retribution is a theory of punishment that focuses on the idea that individuals who have committed a crime deserve to suffer in proportion to the harm they have caused. The six major ideas of retribution include:

1. Just Deserts: Offenders should receive a punishment that is proportionate to the harm they have caused.

2. Moral Balance: Punishment restores the moral balance that was disrupted by the offender's actions.

3. Social Order: Punishment serves as a deterrent to others and helps maintain social order.

4. Victim Restoration: Punishment provides a sense of justice and closure for the victim and their loved ones.

5. Personal Responsibility: Offenders are held accountable for their actions and must face the consequences.

6. Community Values: Punishment reflects the values and norms of the community in which the crime occurred.

If correctional policy used a purely retributive theory, it would prioritize the punishment of offenders over rehabilitation or other forms of intervention. This could result in longer prison sentences, harsher conditions of confinement, and a focus on inflicting suffering on the offender as a form of retribution. There would likely be less emphasis on addressing the root causes of criminal behavior or providing opportunities for offenders to reform and reintegrate into society. Overall, correctional policy based on a purely retributive theory would prioritize punishment and retribution over rehabilitation and reintegration.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a major idea of retribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  offenders have the right to break the law 
B)  society needs punishment 
C)  offenders have the right to receive treatment 
D)  society has the right to punish offenders who choose to break the law 
A)  offenders have the right to break the law 
B)  society needs punishment 
C)  offenders have the right to receive treatment 
D)  society has the right to punish offenders who choose to break the law C

Question 3

Liberals grew deeply concerned about state-enforced therapy after which published author's study?

Accepted Answer

A)  David Rosenhan 
B)  Philip Zimbardo 
C)  Francis Cullen 
D)  Travis Hirschi 
A)  David Rosenhan 
B)  Philip Zimbardo 
C)  Francis Cullen 
D)  Travis Hirschi B

Question 4

Just deserts or retribution is a non-utilitarian theory of corrections, which means which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the main focus is on crime control 
B)  by inflicting harm the criminal reforms and never commits crime again 
C)  inflicting harm is what achieves justice 
D)  the main focus is to remove the offender from society 
A)  the main focus is on crime control 
B)  by inflicting harm the criminal reforms and never commits crime again 
C)  inflicting harm is what achieves justice 
D)  the main focus is to remove the offender from society

Question 5

Which of the following is not a positive recommendation about retribution or just deserts?

Accepted Answer

A)  the approach works to reduce the likelihood that offenders will commit new crimes 
B)  the punishments are written out where everyone can see them 
C)  everyone who is incarcerated serves the same sentence for the same crime 
D)  the public is pretty clear on which crimes are more serious than other crimes 
A)  the approach works to reduce the likelihood that offenders will commit new crimes 
B)  the punishments are written out where everyone can see them 
C)  everyone who is incarcerated serves the same sentence for the same crime 
D)  the public is pretty clear on which crimes are more serious than other crimes

Question 6

According to the justice model for corrections, the goal of the correctional system should be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  to ensure that criminals receive adequate, mandatory treatment while serving out their sentence 
B)  to promote justice by publicly posting penalties for everyone to see the consequences of their criminal behavior 
C)  to give all criminals the exact same sentence regardless of the offense type 
D)  not to rehabilitate offenders but to ensure they receive penalties that are fair and not excessive 
A)  to ensure that criminals receive adequate, mandatory treatment while serving out their sentence 
B)  to promote justice by publicly posting penalties for everyone to see the consequences of their criminal behavior 
C)  to give all criminals the exact same sentence regardless of the offense type 
D)  not to rehabilitate offenders but to ensure they receive penalties that are fair and not excessive

Question 7

The statement that "retribution hinges on the reality that human behavior is a product of free will" refers to which problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  the prison problem 
B)  the criminology problem 
C)  the inequality problem 
D)  the utility problem 
A)  the prison problem 
B)  the criminology problem 
C)  the inequality problem 
D)  the utility problem

Question 8

Explain what retribution or just deserts theory is and how it differs for conservatives and liberals. What are the similarities and difference?

Accepted Answer

Retribution or just deserts theory is a

Question 9

Retribution believes in which of the following perspectives?

Accepted Answer

A)  restore the community 
B)  rehabilitate offenders 
C)  do no harm 
D)  an eye for an eye 
A)  restore the community 
B)  rehabilitate offenders 
C)  do no harm 
D)  an eye for an eye

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of retribution or just deserts?

Accepted Answer

A)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given a makeup exam 
B)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given a zero 
C)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given an alternative assignment 
D)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given a pass on taking the exam 
A)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given a makeup exam 
B)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given a zero 
C)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given an alternative assignment 
D)  a student misses an exam because a dog runs away and they are given a pass on taking the exam

Question 11

Which of the following statements about proportionality in sentencing is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  punishment should be proportionate to the type of crime committed 
B)  punishment should be proportionate to the seriousness of the crime committed 
C)  punishment should be proportionate to the history of the criminal record 
D)  punishment should be proportionate to other offenders in prison 
A)  punishment should be proportionate to the type of crime committed 
B)  punishment should be proportionate to the seriousness of the crime committed 
C)  punishment should be proportionate to the history of the criminal record 
D)  punishment should be proportionate to other offenders in prison

Question 12

The experiment by David Rosenhan found which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  patients that were faking illnesses were not let into psychiatric facilities 
B)  untrained staff at psychiatric facilities are just as capable of determining which patients were ill and which were cured 
C)  separating the cured patients from the ill patients was a daunting task even for trained physicians and clinicians 
D)  physicians and clinicians were excellent judges in determining which patients were ill and which were cured 
A)  patients that were faking illnesses were not let into psychiatric facilities 
B)  untrained staff at psychiatric facilities are just as capable of determining which patients were ill and which were cured 
C)  separating the cured patients from the ill patients was a daunting task even for trained physicians and clinicians 
D)  physicians and clinicians were excellent judges in determining which patients were ill and which were cured

Question 13

The experiment by Philip Zimbardo in 1971 was believed to support the notion that:

Accepted Answer

A)  prisons have little effect on how inmates or guards react 
B)  prisons are capable of creating a therapeutic environment 
C)  unhealthy guards create hostile prison environments 
D)  prisons are inherently corrupt 
A)  prisons have little effect on how inmates or guards react 
B)  prisons are capable of creating a therapeutic environment 
C)  unhealthy guards create hostile prison environments 
D)  prisons are inherently corrupt

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of determinate sentencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  two offenders commit the same crime and are given the exact same sentence but can be let out early if they are rehabilitated 
B)  two offenders commit the same crime but are given different sentences based on extenuating circumstances 
C)  two offenders commit the same crime but are given different sentences based on the day of the week 
D)  two offenders commit the same crime and are given the exact same sentence to serve in its entirety 
A)  two offenders commit the same crime and are given the exact same sentence but can be let out early if they are rehabilitated 
B)  two offenders commit the same crime but are given different sentences based on extenuating circumstances 
C)  two offenders commit the same crime but are given different sentences based on the day of the week 
D)  two offenders commit the same crime and are given the exact same sentence to serve in its entirety

Question 15

Describe a major challenge for the just deserts/retribution theory of corrections. How does this challenge affect correctional policy and public perception?

Accepted Answer

A major challenge for the just deserts/r

Question 16

Which of the following statements explain why a purely retributive or just deserts theory of corrections is not plausible?

Accepted Answer

A)  there are not enough criminals to make the theory effective 
B)  people expect the legal system not only to do justice but also to control crime 
C)  people do not know how the theory is supposed to work in order to support it 
D)  the theory does not focus on restoring victim-offender relationships 
A)  there are not enough criminals to make the theory effective 
B)  people expect the legal system not only to do justice but also to control crime 
C)  people do not know how the theory is supposed to work in order to support it 
D)  the theory does not focus on restoring victim-offender relationships

Question 17

What other purpose do people often want the correctional system to serve aside from imposing just deserts?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce crime and make society safer 
B)  lock up as many criminals as possible 
C)  create more jobs by building more prisons 
D)  reduce tax payers financial responsibility to imprison criminals 
A)  reduce crime and make society safer 
B)  lock up as many criminals as possible 
C)  create more jobs by building more prisons 
D)  reduce tax payers financial responsibility to imprison criminals

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true about the effects of the Attica prison riot?

Accepted Answer

A)  it created distrust in state powers to rehabilitate offenders 
B)  it reinforced the need for more state oversight in prisons 
C)  it had no effect on the rehabilitation movement 
D)  it reinforced rehabilitation as a necessary component in prisons 
A)  it created distrust in state powers to rehabilitate offenders 
B)  it reinforced the need for more state oversight in prisons 
C)  it had no effect on the rehabilitation movement 
D)  it reinforced rehabilitation as a necessary component in prisons

Question 19

All of the following statements are true regarding why the liberal justice model was not successful except for:

Accepted Answer

A)  the advocates had no response for how to reduce crime 
B)  removing discretion from sentencing and corrections created concentrated power with legislators 
C)  the US was no longer in a prolonged liberal era 
D)  the advocates did not listen to the public who wanted more rehabilitation in prisons 
A)  the advocates had no response for how to reduce crime 
B)  removing discretion from sentencing and corrections created concentrated power with legislators 
C)  the US was no longer in a prolonged liberal era 
D)  the advocates did not listen to the public who wanted more rehabilitation in prisons

Question 20

Briefly outline the Stanford Prison Experiment. What effects did the results of this study have on rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

The Stanford Prison Experiment was a psy

Briefly outline and describe the six major ideas of retribution. What would correctional policy look like if it used a purely retributive theory?

Which of the following is not a major idea of retribution?

Liberals grew deeply concerned about state-enforced therapy after which published author's study?

Just deserts or retribution is a non-utilitarian theory of corrections, which means which of the following?

Which of the following is not a positive recommendation about retribution or just deserts?

According to the justice model for corrections, the goal of the correctional system should be which of the following?

The statement that "retribution hinges on the reality that human behavior is a product of free will" refers to which problem?

Explain what retribution or just deserts theory is and how it differs for conservatives and liberals. What are the similarities and difference?

Retribution believes in which of the following perspectives?

Which of the following is an example of retribution or just deserts?

Which of the following statements about proportionality in sentencing is true?

The experiment by David Rosenhan found which of the following?

The experiment by Philip Zimbardo in 1971 was believed to support the notion that:

Which of the following is an example of determinate sentencing?

Describe a major challenge for the just deserts/retribution theory of corrections. How does this challenge affect correctional policy and public perception?

Which of the following statements explain why a purely retributive or just deserts theory of corrections is not plausible?

What other purpose do people often want the correctional system to serve aside from imposing just deserts?

Which of the following statements is true about the effects of the Attica prison riot?

All of the following statements are true regarding why the liberal justice model was not successful except for:

Briefly outline the Stanford Prison Experiment. What effects did the results of this study have on rehabilitation?

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

Correctional Theory in Crisis: Americas Changing Context

Correctional Theory in Crisis: Americas Changing Context

Just Deserts: Doing Justice or Getting Tough

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

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Exam 3: Just Deserts: Doing Justice or Getting Tough

Briefly outline and describe the six major ideas of retribution. What would correctional policy look like if it used a purely retributive theory?

Which of the following is not a major idea of retribution?

Liberals grew deeply concerned about state-enforced therapy after which published author's study?

Just deserts or retribution is a non-utilitarian theory of corrections, which means which of the following?

Which of the following is not a positive recommendation about retribution or just deserts?

According to the justice model for corrections, the goal of the correctional system should be which of the following?

The statement that "retribution hinges on the reality that human behavior is a product of free will" refers to which problem?

Explain what retribution or just deserts theory is and how it differs for conservatives and liberals. What are the similarities and difference?

Retribution believes in which of the following perspectives?

Which of the following is an example of retribution or just deserts?

Which of the following statements about proportionality in sentencing is true?

The experiment by David Rosenhan found which of the following?

The experiment by Philip Zimbardo in 1971 was believed to support the notion that:

Which of the following is an example of determinate sentencing?

Describe a major challenge for the just deserts/retribution theory of corrections. How does this challenge affect correctional policy and public perception?

Which of the following statements explain why a purely retributive or just deserts theory of corrections is not plausible?

What other purpose do people often want the correctional system to serve aside from imposing just deserts?

Which of the following statements is true about the effects of the Attica prison riot?

All of the following statements are true regarding why the liberal justice model was not successful except for:

Briefly outline the Stanford Prison Experiment. What effects did the results of this study have on rehabilitation?

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections

Correctional Theory in Crisis: Americas Changing Context

Correctional Theory in Crisis: Americas Changing Context

Just Deserts: Doing Justice or Getting Tough

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Deterrence: Scaring Offenders Straight

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Incapacitation: Locking up the Wicked

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Restorative Justice: Reintegrative Shaming

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Rehabilitation: What Works to Change Offenders

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Reentry: Saving Offenders From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Early Intervention: Saving Children From a Life in Crime

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

Six Correctional Lessons: Choosing Our Future

Filters