Exam 5: Macronutrient Metabolism

A complete protein contains all of the essential amino acids in the proportions required for optimal bodily function and growth.

Aerobically trained muscle has a(n) __________ capacity for carbohydrate metabolism.

During the first hour of prolonged exercise, lipid supplies about __________ of the energy, whereas during the third hour, lipid contributes up to __________ of the total energy requirement.

The contribution of lipids is greater than carbohydrates for energy metabolism during intense exercise.

During light exercise, lipid is the macronutrient that provides the main energy substrate.

During submaximal exercise, women derive __________ proportion of total energy from carbohydrate oxidation than men.

A lipid molecule is dense in terms of water content.

During submaximal exercise, the endurance-trained muscle exhibits a(n) __________.

A typical 80-kilogram person stores approximately 200 grams of carbohydrate.

Forty minutes into intense activity glucose uptake by the active muscle increases between __________ the resting uptake.

__________ tissue releases more free fatty acids (FFAs) to active muscle as blood flow increases with exercise.

Adult humans must consume six different amino acids on a regular basis.

The contribution of lipid to the energy requirements of physical activity depends upon the level of creatine kinase in active muscle.

In the body, glucose can be converted to lipid for energy storage.

Research reveals __________ gender differences in carbohydrate metabolism in exercise.

Saturated fatty acids occur predominantly in foods from the animal kingdom.

The condition of metabolic syndrome is defined by factors that include bulimia nervosa.

The two main macronutrient sources that provide energy for ATP resynthesis during physical activity include liver and muscle glycogen and amino acids.

Toward the end of prolonged exercise, when glycogen reserves are low, __________.

The action of the enzyme __________ stimulates glycogen breakdown in the liver and active muscles.