Question 1

Sentient means capable of

Accepted Answer

A)  feeling. 
B)  none of these 
C)  breathing. 
D)  reasoning. 
E)  reproducing. 
A)  feeling. 
B)  none of these 
C)  breathing. 
D)  reasoning. 
E)  reproducing.

Question 2

Justifying cultural relativism by an appeal to tolerance is self-refuting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Equals should be treated equally according to the principle of

Accepted Answer

A)  justice 
B)  mercy 
C)  parsimony 
D)  compassion 
E)  conservatism 
A)  justice 
B)  mercy 
C)  parsimony 
D)  compassion 
E)  conservatism

Question 4

Brandt's Utilitarian Heir thought experiment is intended to show that act-utilitarianism is an untenable moral theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Mill believes some pleasures are higher than others, whereas Bentham thinks pleasures differ only in quantity, not quality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is a formulation of the categorical imperative

Accepted Answer

A)  Never cause harm to another. 
B)  Love your neighbor as yourself. 
C)  Treat others as ends in themselves and never merely as a means. 
D)  Never lie. 
A)  Never cause harm to another. 
B)  Love your neighbor as yourself. 
C)  Treat others as ends in themselves and never merely as a means. 
D)  Never lie.

Question 7

According to Rawls, a just society could permit inequalities in wealth or status as long as they

Accepted Answer

A)  produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number. 
B)  maximize the position of the least well-off group. 
C)  benefit those in authority. 
D)  prevent the tyranny of the majority. 
A)  produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number. 
B)  maximize the position of the least well-off group. 
C)  benefit those in authority. 
D)  prevent the tyranny of the majority.

Question 8

According to Mill, the rightness of an action is determined solely by the quantity of happiness produced regardless of its quality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Some cultural relativists claim that once we recognize that there are no universal moral standards, we should tolerate the behavior of those who were raised in a different culture than we were. This view is inconsistent with cultural relativism, however, because

Accepted Answer

A)  it suggests that tolerance only applies to relativists, not objectivists. 
B)  it suggests that tolerance is a value only for consequentialists, not formalists. 
C)  it assumes that tolerance is a universal value that should be recognized by everyone. 
D)  it assumes that tolerance is a value that no one should adopt. 
A)  it suggests that tolerance only applies to relativists, not objectivists. 
B)  it suggests that tolerance is a value only for consequentialists, not formalists. 
C)  it assumes that tolerance is a universal value that should be recognized by everyone. 
D)  it assumes that tolerance is a value that no one should adopt.

Question 10

According to Rawls, in an ideal contract making situation, all parties to the negotiations should meet as equals around the bargaining table.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What makes an action right is that it falls under a rule that, if generally followed, would maximize the happiness of everyone considered.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethical egoism 
B)  categorical imperative 
C)  subjective relativism 
D)  virtue theory 
E)  rule-utilitarianism 
A)  ethical egoism 
B)  categorical imperative 
C)  subjective relativism 
D)  virtue theory 
E)  rule-utilitarianism

Question 12

If goodness is not a defining attribute of God, then Divine Command Theory is

Accepted Answer

A)  plausible. 
B)  FALSE. 
C)  absolute. 
D)  scientific. 
E)  none of these 
A)  plausible. 
B)  FALSE. 
C)  absolute. 
D)  scientific. 
E)  none of these

Question 13

Thomson's Transplant Problem thought experiment shows us an uncontroversial way to deal with a lack of transplant organs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Broad's Typhoid Man thought experiment is intended to show that Kant's second formulation is flawed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Is the fact that an action falls under a rule that would be approved by people in the original position enough to make it right? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The fact that an action falls under a ru

Question 16

Ewing's Innocent Criminal thought experiment is intended to show that utilitarianism conflicts with our notions of justice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Thomson's Trolley Problem thought experiment reveals the impotence of all moral theories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is not a category in Bentham's "hedonic calculus."

Accepted Answer

A)  sanctity 
B)  propinquity 
C)  fecundity 
D)  impurity 
E)  intensity 
A)  sanctity 
B)  propinquity 
C)  fecundity 
D)  impurity 
E)  intensity

Question 19

Stoics claim that a good life requires a rational understanding of nature because understanding nature allows us to

Accepted Answer

A)  get pleasure out of knowing the truth. 
B)  limit our desires to things within our control. 
C)  change nature to do our bidding. 
D)  remain indifferent to our choices. 
A)  get pleasure out of knowing the truth. 
B)  limit our desires to things within our control. 
C)  change nature to do our bidding. 
D)  remain indifferent to our choices.

Question 20

Ewing's Utilitarian Torture thought experiment is intended to show that

Accepted Answer

A)  torture is bad. 
B)  utilitarian calculations are always just. 
C)  act-utilitarianism is inconsistent with our notions of justice. 
D)  act-utilitarianism is consistent with our notions of justice. 
A)  torture is bad. 
B)  utilitarian calculations are always just. 
C)  act-utilitarianism is inconsistent with our notions of justice. 
D)  act-utilitarianism is consistent with our notions of justice.

Sentient means capable of

Justifying cultural relativism by an appeal to tolerance is self-refuting.

Equals should be treated equally according to the principle of

Brandt's Utilitarian Heir thought experiment is intended to show that act-utilitarianism is an untenable moral theory.

Mill believes some pleasures are higher than others, whereas Bentham thinks pleasures differ only in quantity, not quality.

Which of the following is a formulation of the categorical imperative

According to Rawls, a just society could permit inequalities in wealth or status as long as they

According to Mill, the rightness of an action is determined solely by the quantity of happiness produced regardless of its quality.

Some cultural relativists claim that once we recognize that there are no universal moral standards, we should tolerate the behavior of those who were raised in a different culture than we were. This view is inconsistent with cultural relativism, however, because

According to Rawls, in an ideal contract making situation, all parties to the negotiations should meet as equals around the bargaining table.

What makes an action right is that it falls under a rule that, if generally followed, would maximize the happiness of everyone considered.

If goodness is not a defining attribute of God, then Divine Command Theory is

Thomson's Transplant Problem thought experiment shows us an uncontroversial way to deal with a lack of transplant organs.

Broad's Typhoid Man thought experiment is intended to show that Kant's second formulation is flawed.

Is the fact that an action falls under a rule that would be approved by people in the original position enough to make it right? Why or why not?

Ewing's Innocent Criminal thought experiment is intended to show that utilitarianism conflicts with our notions of justice.

Thomson's Trolley Problem thought experiment reveals the impotence of all moral theories.

Which of the following is not a category in Bentham's "hedonic calculus."

Stoics claim that a good life requires a rational understanding of nature because understanding nature allows us to

Ewing's Utilitarian Torture thought experiment is intended to show that

The Philosophical Enterprise

The Mind-Body Problem

Free Will and Determinism

The Problem of Personal Identity

The Problem of Evil and the Existence of God

The Problem of Skepticism and Knowledge

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Exam 5: The Problem of Relativism and Morality

Sentient means capable of

Justifying cultural relativism by an appeal to tolerance is self-refuting.

Equals should be treated equally according to the principle of

Brandt's Utilitarian Heir thought experiment is intended to show that act-utilitarianism is an untenable moral theory.

Mill believes some pleasures are higher than others, whereas Bentham thinks pleasures differ only in quantity, not quality.

Which of the following is a formulation of the categorical imperative

According to Rawls, a just society could permit inequalities in wealth or status as long as they

According to Mill, the rightness of an action is determined solely by the quantity of happiness produced regardless of its quality.

Some cultural relativists claim that once we recognize that there are no universal moral standards, we should tolerate the behavior of those who were raised in a different culture than we were. This view is inconsistent with cultural relativism, however, because

According to Rawls, in an ideal contract making situation, all parties to the negotiations should meet as equals around the bargaining table.

What makes an action right is that it falls under a rule that, if generally followed, would maximize the happiness of everyone considered.

If goodness is not a defining attribute of God, then Divine Command Theory is

Thomson's Transplant Problem thought experiment shows us an uncontroversial way to deal with a lack of transplant organs.

Broad's Typhoid Man thought experiment is intended to show that Kant's second formulation is flawed.

Is the fact that an action falls under a rule that would be approved by people in the original position enough to make it right? Why or why not?

Ewing's Innocent Criminal thought experiment is intended to show that utilitarianism conflicts with our notions of justice.

Thomson's Trolley Problem thought experiment reveals the impotence of all moral theories.

Which of the following is not a category in Bentham's "hedonic calculus."

Stoics claim that a good life requires a rational understanding of nature because understanding nature allows us to

Ewing's Utilitarian Torture thought experiment is intended to show that

The Philosophical Enterprise

The Mind-Body Problem

Free Will and Determinism

The Problem of Personal Identity

The Problem of Evil and the Existence of God

The Problem of Skepticism and Knowledge

Filters