Question 1

Which is the odd one out in the list below?

Accepted Answer

A)  St Kilda 
B)  Soay sheep 
C)  endophytic fungus 
D)  mycorrhizae 
E)  Acremonium 
A)  St Kilda 
B)  Soay sheep 
C)  endophytic fungus 
D)  mycorrhizae 
E)  Acremonium D

Question 2

When one species cannot live without another, we use the term

Accepted Answer

A)  Facultative mutualism 
B)  Dispersive mutualism 
C)  Defensive mutualism 
D)  Resource-based mutualism 
E)  Obligate mututualism 
A)  Facultative mutualism 
B)  Dispersive mutualism 
C)  Defensive mutualism 
D)  Resource-based mutualism 
E)  Obligate mututualism E

Question 3

The tiny protein-rich food nodules at the end of Acacia leaves were named after

Accepted Answer

A)  Dan Janzen 
B)  Joe Connell 
C)  Thomas Belt 
D)  Jacobus Biesmeijer 
E)  Felix Rosumek 
A)  Dan Janzen 
B)  Joe Connell 
C)  Thomas Belt 
D)  Jacobus Biesmeijer 
E)  Felix Rosumek C

Question 4

Which is not a type of commensalism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phoresy 
B)  Inquilinism 
C)  Metabiosis 
D)  Epiphytism 
A)  Phoresy 
B)  Inquilinism 
C)  Metabiosis 
D)  Epiphytism

Question 5

What are the benefits to each species in commensalism?

Accepted Answer

A)  +/+ 
B)  +/- 
C)  +/0 
D)  0/- 
E)  -/- 
A)  +/+ 
B)  +/- 
C)  +/0 
D)  0/- 
E)  -/-

Question 6

Bee orchids and bumblebees are an example of commensalism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The effects of ant removal in ant-plant mutualisms are usually stronger in temperate environments than in tropical ones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Flower inhabiting mites travel between flowers in the nostrils of hummingbirds. We term this

Accepted Answer

A)  Associational resistance 
B)  Mutualism 
C)  Parasitism 
D)  Phoresy 
E)  Metabiosis 
A)  Associational resistance 
B)  Mutualism 
C)  Parasitism 
D)  Phoresy 
E)  Metabiosis

Question 9

Which is an example of an obligate mutualism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blackbirds and mistletoe. 
B)  Ants and aphids. 
C)  Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and deep sea worms. 
D)  Monarch butterflies and milkweed plants. 
E)  Cows and cattle egrets. 
A)  Blackbirds and mistletoe. 
B)  Ants and aphids. 
C)  Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and deep sea worms. 
D)  Monarch butterflies and milkweed plants. 
E)  Cows and cattle egrets.

Question 10

Which taxa are not endosymbiotic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tapeworms 
B)  Ox-peckers 
C)  Bioluminescent bacteria 
D)  Algae associated with corals 
E)  Bacteria 
A)  Tapeworms 
B)  Ox-peckers 
C)  Bioluminescent bacteria 
D)  Algae associated with corals 
E)  Bacteria

Question 11

In salt marshes, black needlerush shades the soil, and decreases evapotranspiration and soil salinity, permitting marsh elder plants to grow. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  phoresy. 
B)  associational susceptibility. 
C)  facilitation. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  metabiosis. 
A)  phoresy. 
B)  associational susceptibility. 
C)  facilitation. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  metabiosis.

Question 12

Which is an example of a facultative mutualism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leaf cutter ants and fungi. 
B)  Carpenter ants and aphids. 
C)  Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and deep sea worms. 
D)  Lichens. 
A)  Leaf cutter ants and fungi. 
B)  Carpenter ants and aphids. 
C)  Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and deep sea worms. 
D)  Lichens.

Question 13

Plants pollinated by bats tend to have________ flower colors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Red 
B)  Blue 
C)  Orange 
D)  Yellow 
E)  White 
A)  Red 
B)  Blue 
C)  Orange 
D)  Yellow 
E)  White

Question 14

In the bogs of Maine, the grass pink orchid

Accepted Answer

A)  Is visited by bats 
B)  Has nectar pilfered by bumble bees 
C)  Mimics the rose pogonia 
D)  Has red flowers 
E)  Mimics the bee orchid 
A)  Is visited by bats 
B)  Has nectar pilfered by bumble bees 
C)  Mimics the rose pogonia 
D)  Has red flowers 
E)  Mimics the bee orchid

Question 15

Which is NOT an example of commensalism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxpecker and large mammals. 
B)  Cattle and cattle egrets. 
C)  Orchids and orchid bees. 
D)  Coral and dinoflagellates. 
E)  Bears and hooked seeds. 
A)  Oxpecker and large mammals. 
B)  Cattle and cattle egrets. 
C)  Orchids and orchid bees. 
D)  Coral and dinoflagellates. 
E)  Bears and hooked seeds.

Question 16

What is not an hypothesis to explain why seed dispersal is so advantageous to plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Competition avoidance 
B)  Predator escape 
C)  Colonization 
D)  Indirect dispersal 
E)  Directed dispersal 
A)  Competition avoidance 
B)  Predator escape 
C)  Colonization 
D)  Indirect dispersal 
E)  Directed dispersal

Question 17

In Ragan Calloway's experiments when competitors were removed, plants at high elevation survived better and produced more flowers or fruit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which is an example of commensalism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monkeys and fruit. 
B)  Corals and dinoflagellates. 
C)  Orchids and orchid bees. 
D)  Mychorrhizae. 
E)  Leaf cutter ants and fungi. 
A)  Monkeys and fruit. 
B)  Corals and dinoflagellates. 
C)  Orchids and orchid bees. 
D)  Mychorrhizae. 
E)  Leaf cutter ants and fungi.

Question 19

Which is the odd one out in the list below?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leaf cutter ant 
B)  Underground fungus garden 
C)  Gongylidia 
D)  Symbiodinium 
E)  Escovopsis 
A)  Leaf cutter ant 
B)  Underground fungus garden 
C)  Gongylidia 
D)  Symbiodinium 
E)  Escovopsis

Question 20

Which is the odd one out in the list below?

Accepted Answer

A)  Africa 
B)  Honey badger 
C)  Ox-pecker 
D)  Bees nest 
E)  Honeyguide 
A)  Africa 
B)  Honey badger 
C)  Ox-pecker 
D)  Bees nest 
E)  Honeyguide

Exam 12: Facilitation

Which is the odd one out in the list below?

When one species cannot live without another, we use the term

The tiny protein-rich food nodules at the end of Acacia leaves were named after

Which is not a type of commensalism?

What are the benefits to each species in commensalism?

Bee orchids and bumblebees are an example of commensalism.

The effects of ant removal in ant-plant mutualisms are usually stronger in temperate environments than in tropical ones.

Flower inhabiting mites travel between flowers in the nostrils of hummingbirds. We term this

Which is an example of an obligate mutualism?

Which taxa are not endosymbiotic?

In salt marshes, black needlerush shades the soil, and decreases evapotranspiration and soil salinity, permitting marsh elder plants to grow. This is an example of

Which is an example of a facultative mutualism?

Plants pollinated by bats tend to have________ flower colors.

In the bogs of Maine, the grass pink orchid

Which is NOT an example of commensalism?

What is not an hypothesis to explain why seed dispersal is so advantageous to plants?

In Ragan Calloway's experiments when competitors were removed, plants at high elevation survived better and produced more flowers or fruit.

Which is an example of commensalism?

Which is the odd one out in the list below?

Which is the odd one out in the list below?

An Introduction to Ecology

Population Genetics

Natural Selection, Speciation, and Extinction

Behavioral Ecology

Temperature

Water

Nutrients

Demographic Techniques and Population Patterns

Life Tables and Demography

Population Growth

Competition and Coexistence

Predation

Herbivory

Parasitism

Population Regulation

Species Diversity

Species Richness Patterns

Species Richness and Community Services

Succession

Island Biogeography

Terrestrial Biomes

Marine Biomes

Freshwater Biomes

Food Webs and Energy Flow

Biomass Production

Biogeochemical Cycles

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