Question 1

Scaffolding refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  using punishment to help children learn 
B)  a teacher's changing support as children learn 
C)  social learning theory's main thesis 
D)  family systems theory 
E)  A and D 
A)  using punishment to help children learn 
B)  a teacher's changing support as children learn 
C)  social learning theory's main thesis 
D)  family systems theory 
E)  A and D B

Question 2

What is the appropriate strategy to use when an adult owns a problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  active listening 
B)  a you-message 
C)  an I-message 
D)  type 8 conflict resolution 
A)  active listening 
B)  a you-message 
C)  an I-message 
D)  type 8 conflict resolution C

Question 3

Explain why the theories in the chapter oppose the use of punishment in guiding children.

Accepted Answer

The theories in the chapter oppose the use of punishment in guiding children for several reasons. Firstly, punishment can create fear and resentment in children, leading to a breakdown in the parent-child relationship. This can hinder the child's emotional development and lead to long-term negative effects on their behavior and mental health.

Additionally, punishment does not teach children the appropriate behavior or provide them with the skills to make better choices in the future. Instead, it only serves to suppress their behavior temporarily without addressing the underlying issues or teaching them how to manage their emotions and impulses.

Furthermore, punishment can be ineffective in changing behavior and may even lead to an escalation of negative behaviors as children seek to rebel against the punishment. It also does not address the root causes of the child's behavior, such as unmet needs or emotional distress.

Instead of punishment, the theories in the chapter advocate for positive discipline techniques that focus on teaching and guiding children towards appropriate behavior through positive reinforcement, setting clear expectations, and providing support and guidance. These approaches are more effective in promoting long-term positive behavior and fostering a healthy parent-child relationship.

Question 4

According to Erickson, a caregiver who meets the needs of an infant by feeding him when he is hungry, changing his diaper regularly, and comforting him in times of distress is most likely helping resolve which of the following crises?

Accepted Answer

A)  industry versus inferiority 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
C)  intimacy versus isolation 
D)  integrity versus despair 
E)  none are correct 
A)  industry versus inferiority 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
C)  intimacy versus isolation 
D)  integrity versus despair 
E)  none are correct

Question 5

A boy in your class says, "Only girls clean things up."You respond, "In our classroom, everyone puts things away and cleans things."By saying this, you will help this child:

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilate to this new information 
B)  accommodate to this new information 
C)  ignore this new information 
D)  rely on adherence 
E)  all are correct 
A)  assimilate to this new information 
B)  accommodate to this new information 
C)  ignore this new information 
D)  rely on adherence 
E)  all are correct

Question 6

Jack said, "My mom said that in our family, we help older people."Jack has told us about one of his family:

Accepted Answer

A)  boundaries 
B)  rules 
C)  roles 
D)  gender biases 
E)  economic beliefs 
A)  boundaries 
B)  rules 
C)  roles 
D)  gender biases 
E)  economic beliefs

Question 7

One of the most significant changes in cognition from ages 2 to 6 years is the ability to:

Accepted Answer

A)  represent experiences 
B)  mediate experiences 
C)  abrogate experiences 
D)  excoriate experiences 
E)  B, C, and D 
A)  represent experiences 
B)  mediate experiences 
C)  abrogate experiences 
D)  excoriate experiences 
E)  B, C, and D

Question 8

A child's family is a part of which of these systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  chronosystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  exosystem 
D)  mesosystem 
E)  microsystem 
A)  chronosystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  exosystem 
D)  mesosystem 
E)  microsystem

Question 9

What does active listening involve?

Accepted Answer

A)  interrupting the other person to ask questions 
B)  listening for feelings 
C)  judging what the other person says 
D)  giving advice 
E)  A and D 
A)  interrupting the other person to ask questions 
B)  listening for feelings 
C)  judging what the other person says 
D)  giving advice 
E)  A and D

Question 10

One of your third-graders is upset! She accused you of liking one child the best. Gordon would advise you to use this strategy:

Accepted Answer

A)  I-message 
B)  you-message 
C)  active listening 
D)  type 4 conflict resolution 
E)  A and D 
A)  I-message 
B)  you-message 
C)  active listening 
D)  type 4 conflict resolution 
E)  A and D

Question 11

Which of the following did John Dewey see as the primary interests of children?

Accepted Answer

A)  respect for the law 
B)  pleasure in building things 
C)  the need to talk with others 
D)  A and C 
E)  B and C 
A)  respect for the law 
B)  pleasure in building things 
C)  the need to talk with others 
D)  A and C 
E)  B and C

Question 12

Bronfenbrenner's theory put forward the idea that:

Accepted Answer

A)  children develop in one system 
B)  children develop in two systems nested within each other 
C)  children develop in several systems nested within each other 
D)  children develop in several systems nested within each other but only for the first five years of life 
E)  none of these 
A)  children develop in one system 
B)  children develop in two systems nested within each other 
C)  children develop in several systems nested within each other 
D)  children develop in several systems nested within each other but only for the first five years of life 
E)  none of these

Question 13

Social learning theorists believe that:

Accepted Answer

A)  children contribute to their own development by contributing to their environment 
B)  children are affected by their environment 
C)  children develop in several systems nested within each other 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B, but not C 
A)  children contribute to their own development by contributing to their environment 
B)  children are affected by their environment 
C)  children develop in several systems nested within each other 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B, but not C

Question 14

All of the following statements about praise are true except:

Accepted Answer

A)  a child can never be given too much praise 
B)  praise should be specific and descriptive 
C)  praise in an intangible form of reinforcement 
D)  praise can be used ineffectively 
A)  a child can never be given too much praise 
B)  praise should be specific and descriptive 
C)  praise in an intangible form of reinforcement 
D)  praise can be used ineffectively

Question 15

John Dewey believed that education should start with:

Accepted Answer

A)  the State Learning Standards 
B)  results of standardized tests 
C)  a child's curiosity 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these 
A)  the State Learning Standards 
B)  results of standardized tests 
C)  a child's curiosity 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these

Question 16

Piaget's theory teaches that children learn about getting along with others:

Accepted Answer

A)  by working with them 
B)  hear a lecture about getting along with others 
C)  by playing with them 
D)  A and C 
E)  B and C 
A)  by working with them 
B)  hear a lecture about getting along with others 
C)  by playing with them 
D)  A and C 
E)  B and C

Question 17

Her kindergartners chatted and talked as Mrs. Kaminski tried to get started with a story. Who "owns"this problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  teacher 
B)  child 
C)  There is no problem. 
D)  the parents 
A)  teacher 
B)  child 
C)  There is no problem. 
D)  the parents

Question 18

One of the best ways for teachers to help children successfully resolve the crises named by Erik Erikson is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  give in to every one of a child's demands 
B)  develop a warm relationship with children 
C)  model ecstatic behavior 
D)  develop a caustic relationship with children 
E)  B and C 
A)  give in to every one of a child's demands 
B)  develop a warm relationship with children 
C)  model ecstatic behavior 
D)  develop a caustic relationship with children 
E)  B and C

Question 19

What do Piaget's, Vygotsky's, and Dewey's theories all have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are useful in helping teachers guide children effectively. 
B)  The theories all focus on systems. 
C)  The theories all are constructivist. 
D)  A and B 
E)  A and C 
A)  They are useful in helping teachers guide children effectively. 
B)  The theories all focus on systems. 
C)  The theories all are constructivist. 
D)  A and B 
E)  A and C

Question 20

Explain why it is important for teachers to understand theories of child development in order to effectively guide children.

Accepted Answer

It is important for teachers to understa

Scaffolding refers to:

What is the appropriate strategy to use when an adult owns a problem?

Explain why the theories in the chapter oppose the use of punishment in guiding children.

According to Erickson, a caregiver who meets the needs of an infant by feeding him when he is hungry, changing his diaper regularly, and comforting him in times of distress is most likely helping resolve which of the following crises?

A boy in your class says, "Only girls clean things up."You respond, "In our classroom, everyone puts things away and cleans things."By saying this, you will help this child:

Jack said, "My mom said that in our family, we help older people."Jack has told us about one of his family:

One of the most significant changes in cognition from ages 2 to 6 years is the ability to:

A child's family is a part of which of these systems?

What does active listening involve?

One of your third-graders is upset! She accused you of liking one child the best. Gordon would advise you to use this strategy:

Which of the following did John Dewey see as the primary interests of children?

Bronfenbrenner's theory put forward the idea that:

Social learning theorists believe that:

All of the following statements about praise are true except:

John Dewey believed that education should start with:

Piaget's theory teaches that children learn about getting along with others:

Her kindergartners chatted and talked as Mrs. Kaminski tried to get started with a story. Who "owns"this problem?

One of the best ways for teachers to help children successfully resolve the crises named by Erik Erikson is to:

What do Piaget's, Vygotsky's, and Dewey's theories all have in common?

Explain why it is important for teachers to understand theories of child development in order to effectively guide children.

A Teachers Role in Guiding Children

Understand Child Development: A Key to Guiding Children Effectively

Supportive Physical Environments: Indirect Guidance

Positive Guidance and Discipline Strategies: Direct Guidance

Using Observation in Guiding Children

Self-Esteem and the Moral Self

Feelings and Friends: Emotional and Social Competence

Resilience and Stress in Childhood

Aggression and Bullying in Young Children

Minimizing Challenging Behavior

Apply Your Knowledge: Guiding Children During Routines and Transitions

Apply Your Knowledge: Use the Decision-Making Model of Child Guidance

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Exam 2: Theoretical Foundations of Child Guidance

Scaffolding refers to:

What is the appropriate strategy to use when an adult owns a problem?

Explain why the theories in the chapter oppose the use of punishment in guiding children.

According to Erickson, a caregiver who meets the needs of an infant by feeding him when he is hungry, changing his diaper regularly, and comforting him in times of distress is most likely helping resolve which of the following crises?

A boy in your class says, "Only girls clean things up."You respond, "In our classroom, everyone puts things away and cleans things."By saying this, you will help this child:

Jack said, "My mom said that in our family, we help older people."Jack has told us about one of his family:

One of the most significant changes in cognition from ages 2 to 6 years is the ability to:

A child's family is a part of which of these systems?

What does active listening involve?

One of your third-graders is upset! She accused you of liking one child the best. Gordon would advise you to use this strategy:

Which of the following did John Dewey see as the primary interests of children?

Bronfenbrenner's theory put forward the idea that:

Social learning theorists believe that:

All of the following statements about praise are true except:

John Dewey believed that education should start with:

Piaget's theory teaches that children learn about getting along with others:

Her kindergartners chatted and talked as Mrs. Kaminski tried to get started with a story. Who "owns"this problem?

One of the best ways for teachers to help children successfully resolve the crises named by Erik Erikson is to:

What do Piaget's, Vygotsky's, and Dewey's theories all have in common?

Explain why it is important for teachers to understand theories of child development in order to effectively guide children.

A Teachers Role in Guiding Children

Understand Child Development: A Key to Guiding Children Effectively

Supportive Physical Environments: Indirect Guidance

Positive Guidance and Discipline Strategies: Direct Guidance

Using Observation in Guiding Children

Self-Esteem and the Moral Self

Feelings and Friends: Emotional and Social Competence

Resilience and Stress in Childhood

Aggression and Bullying in Young Children

Minimizing Challenging Behavior

Apply Your Knowledge: Guiding Children During Routines and Transitions

Apply Your Knowledge: Use the Decision-Making Model of Child Guidance

Filters