Exam 2: Drug Use As a Social Problem

In an annual study done by the U.S. Justice Department, people arrested for various crimes are administered urine tests to detect the presence of drugs. In 2013, about ________ percent of the adult male arrestees tested positive for at least one illicit drug.

Jonathan had tried cocaine when he was a school student and slowly started to use it regularly. He does odd jobs to earn money for buying cocaine. When he is unable to find jobs, he even robs people. Which of the following characteristics does Jonathan exhibit in this scenario?

In the context of substance use, ________ is defined as a procedure in which a behavioral event is followed by a consequent event such that the behavior is then more likely to be repeated.

To receive a diagnosis of substance use disorder, an individual must satisfy at least two diagnostic criteria, one of which has to be a symptom of physical dependence (tolerance or withdrawal).

In 2008 it was reported that the incidence of new HIV infections associated with intravenous drug use had declined by 80 percent in the past 20 years. According to the text, which of these factors led to this decrease?

Which of the following statements best describes the term "drug toxicity"?

In the context of substance use, which of the following is the significance of the animal research that led to the positive reinforcement model?

Which of the following statements best describes a drug recognition expert (DRE)?

Reports from various brain-scanning experiments done on drug users indicate that drug dependence is caused by an underlying biological abnormality.

Which of the following statements is true of psychological dependence as a characteristic of substance use?

The commission of crimes to obtain money for expensive illicit drugs is due to the artificially high cost of the drugs, not primarily to a pharmacological effect of the drug.

In the United States, the ________ compiles data from death certificates and in most of these a cause of death is recorded.