Question 1

Which of the following best describe the following base pair?

Accepted Answer

A)  a typical G-C base pair 
B)  a typical A-U base pair 
C)  a nonstandard C-A base pair 
D)  a nonstandard G-U base pair 
E)  a nonstandard G-C base pair 
A)  a typical G-C base pair 
B)  a typical A-U base pair 
C)  a nonstandard C-A base pair 
D)  a nonstandard G-U base pair 
E)  a nonstandard G-C base pair D

Question 2

Which of the following bases is not present in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  
  
B)  
  
C)  
  
D)  
  
E)  
  
A)  
  
B)  
  
C)  
  
D)  
  
E)  
  D

Question 3

RNA polymerase is said to have high _____, meaning that it can catalyze thousands to millions of reactions without releasing the DNA template

Accepted Answer

A)  processivity 
B)  continuity 
C)  fidelity 
D)  stability 
E)  connectivity 
A)  processivity 
B)  continuity 
C)  fidelity 
D)  stability 
E)  connectivity A

Question 4

What DNA sequence is found on the template strand at the termination of prokaryotic transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  series of CG repeats followed by string of 10-12 U 
B)  section of Z-DNA followed by repetitive CAT sequence 
C)  palindromic sequence followed by poly(
A)  region 
D)  series of TATA boxes 
E)  series of CpG islands 
A)  series of CG repeats followed by string of 10-12 U 
B)  section of Z-DNA followed by repetitive CAT sequence 
C)  palindromic sequence followed by poly(
A)  region 
D)  series of TATA boxes 
E)  series of CpG islands

Question 5

Which of the following is a common modification seen in rRNA and tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  dihydrouridine 
B)  N2,N2-dimethylguanosine 
C)  3-methylcytidine 
D)  pseudouridine 
E)  all of the above 
A)  dihydrouridine 
B)  N2,N2-dimethylguanosine 
C)  3-methylcytidine 
D)  pseudouridine 
E)  all of the above

Question 6

In a typical gene, what percentage of the bases represents introns?

Accepted Answer

A)  5% 
B)  10% 
C)  25% 
D)  50% 
E)  90% 
A)  5% 
B)  10% 
C)  25% 
D)  50% 
E)  90%

Question 7

In terms of histone modification enzymes, a(n) ___ is an example of an eraser while a ___ is an example of a writer

Accepted Answer

The answer of In terms of histone modification enzymes, a(n)...

Question 8

Eukaryotic enhancers are located up to _____ base pairs upstream from the promoter.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  120 
C)  500 
D)  1,500 
E)  120,000 
A)  50 
B)  120 
C)  500 
D)  1,500 
E)  120,000

Question 9

The protein that is responsible for bringing together proteins bound to enhancers with proteins bound to promoters is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  TAF1 
B)  chromatin remodeling enhancer 
C)  mediator complex 
D)   $\sigma$  subunit of RNA polymerase 
E)  none of the above 
A)  TAF1 
B)  chromatin remodeling enhancer 
C)  mediator complex 
D)   $\sigma$  subunit of RNA polymerase 
E)  none of the above

Question 10

Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of eukaryotic RNA polymerase inhibits interaction with what protein, thus allowing the polymerase to leave the promoter?

Accepted Answer

A)  mediator complex 
B)  all transcription factors 
C)  TFIIF and TFIIH 
D)  TFIIS 
E)  none of the above 
A)  mediator complex 
B)  all transcription factors 
C)  TFIIF and TFIIH 
D)  TFIIS 
E)  none of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is seen in the following figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  a standard G-C base pair with a nonstandard A-G base pair 
B)  a standard A-U base pair with a nonstandard A-G base pair 
C)  a standard G-U base pair with a nonstandard A-C base pair 
D)  a standard A-C base pair with a nonstandard U-G base pair 
E)  a standard G-U base pair with a nonstandard G-G base pair 
A)  a standard G-C base pair with a nonstandard A-G base pair 
B)  a standard A-U base pair with a nonstandard A-G base pair 
C)  a standard G-U base pair with a nonstandard A-C base pair 
D)  a standard A-C base pair with a nonstandard U-G base pair 
E)  a standard G-U base pair with a nonstandard G-G base pair

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the functioning of the lac repressor protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the presence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription 
B)  in the presence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription 
C)  in the absence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription 
D)  in the absence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription 
E)  none of the above 
A)  in the presence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription 
B)  in the presence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription 
C)  in the absence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription 
D)  in the absence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription 
E)  none of the above

Question 13

Histone proteins that bind to areas of DNA that are highly transcribed are often _____ on _____ residues.

Accepted Answer

A)  methylated; lysine 
B)  phosphorylated; serine 
C)  phosphorylated; tyrosine 
D)  acetylated; histidine 
E)  acetylated; lysine 
A)  methylated; lysine 
B)  phosphorylated; serine 
C)  phosphorylated; tyrosine 
D)  acetylated; histidine 
E)  acetylated; lysine

Question 14

What modified base is seen in the following figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  3-methyluridine 
B)  3-methylcytidine 
C)  3-methyladenosine 
D)  3-methylguanosine 
E)  none of the above 
A)  3-methyluridine 
B)  3-methylcytidine 
C)  3-methyladenosine 
D)  3-methylguanosine 
E)  none of the above

Question 15

Genomic DNA that encodes proteins undergoes the process of _____ to produce _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription; mRNA 
B)  transcription; tRNA 
C)  translation; rRNA 
D)  translation; proteins 
E)  transcription; proteins 
A)  transcription; mRNA 
B)  transcription; tRNA 
C)  translation; rRNA 
D)  translation; proteins 
E)  transcription; proteins

Question 16

Which subunit of the E. coli RNA polymerase recognizes the promoter region?

Accepted Answer

A)   $\alpha$ 
B)   $\beta$ 
C)     
D)     
E)   $\sigma$ 
A)   $\alpha$ 
B)   $\beta$ 
C)     
D)     
E)   $\sigma$

Question 17

Eukaryotic transcription termination generally occurs at _____ sites in the DNA sequence.

Accepted Answer

A)  stop 
B)  pause 
C)  disconnect 
D)  exonuclease binding 
E)  CpG island 
A)  stop 
B)  pause 
C)  disconnect 
D)  exonuclease binding 
E)  CpG island

Question 18

Which of the following details the correct sequence of events for RNA interference mediated by siRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  degradation of passenger RNA strand, binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, cleavage by dicer, binding to RISC, cleavage of mRNA 
B)  binding to RISC, binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, degradation of passenger RNA strand, cleavage by dicer, cleavage of mRNA 
C)  formation of double-stranded RNA, cleavage by dicer, binding to RISC, degradation of passenger RNA strand, binding of mRNA, cleavage of mRNA 
D)  binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, degradation of passenger RNA strand, cleavage by dicer, binding to RISC, cleavage of mRNA 
E)  binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, cleavage by dicer, degradation of passenger RNA strand, binding to RISC, cleavage of mRNA, 
A)  degradation of passenger RNA strand, binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, cleavage by dicer, binding to RISC, cleavage of mRNA 
B)  binding to RISC, binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, degradation of passenger RNA strand, cleavage by dicer, cleavage of mRNA 
C)  formation of double-stranded RNA, cleavage by dicer, binding to RISC, degradation of passenger RNA strand, binding of mRNA, cleavage of mRNA 
D)  binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, degradation of passenger RNA strand, cleavage by dicer, binding to RISC, cleavage of mRNA 
E)  binding of mRNA, formation of double-stranded RNA, cleavage by dicer, degradation of passenger RNA strand, binding to RISC, cleavage of mRNA,

Question 19

During mRNA synthesis, _____ are removed and the _____ are spliced together to create the mature mRNA

Accepted Answer

A)  introns; exons 
B)  exons; introns 
C)  snRNAs; miRNAs 
D)  miRNAs; snRNAs 
E)  none of the above 
A)  introns; exons 
B)  exons; introns 
C)  snRNAs; miRNAs 
D)  miRNAs; snRNAs 
E)  none of the above

Question 20

Genes that are not often transcribed generally have _____ sequences that bind to _____ proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibitor; mediator 
B)  interrupter; regulatory 
C)  obstruction; restraint 
D)  silencer; repressor 
E)  negative control; arrestor 
A)  inhibitor; mediator 
B)  interrupter; regulatory 
C)  obstruction; restraint 
D)  silencer; repressor 
E)  negative control; arrestor

Exam 21: Transcription and RNA

Which of the following best describe the following base pair?

Which of the following bases is not present in RNA?

RNA polymerase is said to have high _____, meaning that it can catalyze thousands to millions of reactions without releasing the DNA template

What DNA sequence is found on the template strand at the termination of prokaryotic transcription?

Which of the following is a common modification seen in rRNA and tRNA?

In a typical gene, what percentage of the bases represents introns?

In terms of histone modification enzymes, a(n) ___ is an example of an eraser while a ___ is an example of a writer

Eukaryotic enhancers are located up to _____ base pairs upstream from the promoter.

The protein that is responsible for bringing together proteins bound to enhancers with proteins bound to promoters is called _____.

Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of eukaryotic RNA polymerase inhibits interaction with what protein, thus allowing the polymerase to leave the promoter?

Which of the following is seen in the following figure?

Which of the following best describes the functioning of the lac repressor protein?

Histone proteins that bind to areas of DNA that are highly transcribed are often _____ on _____ residues.

What modified base is seen in the following figure?

Genomic DNA that encodes proteins undergoes the process of _____ to produce _____.

Which subunit of the E. coli RNA polymerase recognizes the promoter region?

Eukaryotic transcription termination generally occurs at _____ sites in the DNA sequence.

Which of the following details the correct sequence of events for RNA interference mediated by siRNA?

During mRNA synthesis, _____ are removed and the _____ are spliced together to create the mature mRNA

Genes that are not often transcribed generally have _____ sequences that bind to _____ proteins.

The Chemical Basis of Life

Aqueous Chemistry

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Protein Function

How Enzymes Work

Enzyme Kinetics and Inhibition

Lipids and Membranes

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Metabolism and Bioenergetics

Glucose Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

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Regulation of Mammalian Fuel Metabolism

DNA Replication and Repair

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Filters

In terms of histone modification enzymes, a(n) _ is an example of an eraser while a _ is an example of a writer

Histone proteins that bind to areas of DNA that are highly transcribed are often _ on _ residues.

Genomic DNA that encodes proteins undergoes the process of _ to produce _.

During mRNA synthesis, _ are removed and the _ are spliced together to create the mature mRNA

Genes that are not often transcribed generally have _ sequences that bind to _ proteins.