Question 1

When using the elaboration paradigm,you should always begin with an observed relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In conducting a project to study the relationship between number of criminal offenses committed and education,a researcher introduces the variable of age.When this was done,the relationship between education and crime disappeared.What type of research was conducted?

Accepted Answer

A)  replication 
B)  spurious relationship. 
C)  explanation. 
D)  interpretation. 
E)  descriptive. 
A)  replication 
B)  spurious relationship. 
C)  explanation. 
D)  interpretation. 
E)  descriptive.

Question 3

A relationship between IQ and shoe size,with no other variables measured is the example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) elaborated relationship. 
B) partial relationship. 
C) zero-order relationship. 
D) first-order relationship. 
E) perfect relationship. 
A) elaborated relationship. 
B) partial relationship. 
C) zero-order relationship. 
D) first-order relationship. 
E) perfect relationship.

Question 4

A variable that reverses the direction of a zero-order relationship when it is introduced is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) suppressor variable. 
B) test variable. 
C) distorter variable. 
D) control variable. 
E) inversion variable. 
A) suppressor variable. 
B) test variable. 
C) distorter variable. 
D) control variable. 
E) inversion variable.

Question 5

A relationship was found between variables A and B.Variable C was introduced,and the relationship between A and B was still strong in the partials.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) that the relationship between A and B is nonspurious. 
B) that the relationship between A and B is spurious. 
C) replication. 
D) that the relationship between A and B is nonspurious and replication took place. 
E) that the relationship between A and B is spurious and that replication took place. 
A) that the relationship between A and B is nonspurious. 
B) that the relationship between A and B is spurious. 
C) replication. 
D) that the relationship between A and B is nonspurious and replication took place. 
E) that the relationship between A and B is spurious and that replication took place.

Question 6

When Roland introduced a measure of poverty to his study of drug use and chances of being arrested,it changed from a positive to a negative relationship.Poverty then is an example of a distorter variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A zero-order relationship means that

Accepted Answer

A) there is no relationship between the variables. 
B) the partials have been reduced. 
C) no test factors have been controlled for. 
D) the partials have remained the same as the original relationship. 
E) there is one independent variable. 
A) there is no relationship between the variables. 
B) the partials have been reduced. 
C) no test factors have been controlled for. 
D) the partials have remained the same as the original relationship. 
E) there is one independent variable.

Question 8

The variable held constant in the elaboration model to determine the relationship between others is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) test variable. 
B) experimental variable. 
C) multivariate variable. 
D) elaboration variable. 
E) regression variable. 
A) test variable. 
B) experimental variable. 
C) multivariate variable. 
D) elaboration variable. 
E) regression variable.

Question 9

Suppose there is a relationship between variables A and B.You introduce variable C as a control variable,and the relationship between A and B disappears in the partials.Then

Accepted Answer

A) the relationship between A and B was clearly spurious. 
B) this is clearly an example of explanation. 
C) variable C is clearly an antecedent variable. 
D) variable C is clearly a distorter variable. 
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A) the relationship between A and B was clearly spurious. 
B) this is clearly an example of explanation. 
C) variable C is clearly an antecedent variable. 
D) variable C is clearly a distorter variable. 
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 10

The key to making ex post facto hypothesizing legitimate is that

Accepted Answer

A) a large enough sample must be used. 
B) enough variables are used. 
C) the researcher is up-front about saying so. 
D) such hypotheses are themselves subject to testing. 
E) the research must be replicable 
A) a large enough sample must be used. 
B) enough variables are used. 
C) the researcher is up-front about saying so. 
D) such hypotheses are themselves subject to testing. 
E) the research must be replicable

Question 11

The term specification is used in the elaboration model regardless of whether the test variable is antecedent or intervening.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The difference between interpretation and explanation is

Accepted Answer

A) the time placement of the test variable. 
B) a statistical difference. 
C) that the partials are reduced in explanation but not in interpretation. 
D) that the partials are reduced in interpretation but not in explanation. 
E) the level of measurement used. 
A) the time placement of the test variable. 
B) a statistical difference. 
C) that the partials are reduced in explanation but not in interpretation. 
D) that the partials are reduced in interpretation but not in explanation. 
E) the level of measurement used.

Question 13

Which one of the following is the term used to describe a spurious relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) replication 
B) explanation 
C) interpretation 
D) specification 
E) extension 
A) replication 
B) explanation 
C) interpretation 
D) specification 
E) extension

Question 14

The origins of the Elaboration Model dates back to World War II.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Professor Rumpler found a relationship between age at marriage and marital happiness.Rumpler introduced sex,race,number of years married,and income as test variables.In all partials,the relationship between age at marriage and marital happiness held.Rumpler probably

Accepted Answer

A) concluded that the relationship between age and marital happiness was most likely a genuine one. 
B) decided that replication had increased his confidence that there was a relationship between age and marital happiness. 
C) now knew why age and marital happiness were related. 
D) decided that it was a spurious relationship between age and marital happiness. 
E) concluded that the relationship between age and marital happiness was most likely a genuine one and that replication increased his confidence that there was a relationship between age and marital happiness. 
A) concluded that the relationship between age and marital happiness was most likely a genuine one. 
B) decided that replication had increased his confidence that there was a relationship between age and marital happiness. 
C) now knew why age and marital happiness were related. 
D) decided that it was a spurious relationship between age and marital happiness. 
E) concluded that the relationship between age and marital happiness was most likely a genuine one and that replication increased his confidence that there was a relationship between age and marital happiness.

Question 16

Forrester found a strong positive relationship between participation in high school extracurricular activities and community involvement as adults.He controlled for gender and the relationship between high school extracurricular activities and community involvement was nonexistent for both men and women.Which type of elaboration analysis is this?

Accepted Answer

A) replication 
B) explanation 
C) interpretation 
D) specification 
E) extension 
A) replication 
B) explanation 
C) interpretation 
D) specification 
E) extension

Question 17

Walter discovered a strong positive relationship between parental engagement with their children and subsequent college success.He controlled for the educational level of parents and found the same relationship in all three partial tables for parental education level.Which type of elaboration analysis did he perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  explanation. 
B)  replication. 
C)  interpretation. 
D)  extension. 
E)  specification. 
A)  explanation. 
B)  replication. 
C)  interpretation. 
D)  extension. 
E)  specification.

Question 18

Caitlin studied the relationship between gender and adjustment to retirement.She controlled for type of job before retirement and set up tables relating gender to retirement adjustment for each of her three categories of job type before retirement.The relationships displayed in these tables are known as

Accepted Answer

A) test relationships. 
B) zero-order relationships. 
C) primary relationships. 
D) partial relationships. 
E) extensive relationships 
A) test relationships. 
B) zero-order relationships. 
C) primary relationships. 
D) partial relationships. 
E) extensive relationships

Question 19

A variable that prevents a genuine relationship to be observed at the zero-order level is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) control variable. 
B) inversion variable. 
C) test variable. 
D) suppressor variable. 
E) unobserved variable. 
A) control variable. 
B) inversion variable. 
C) test variable. 
D) suppressor variable. 
E) unobserved variable.

Question 20

We say that a(n)_____ variable is at work when a test variable reverses the direction of a zero-order relationship

Accepted Answer

A) suppressor 
B) distorter 
C) ex post facto 
D) antecedent 
E) intervening 
A) suppressor 
B) distorter 
C) ex post facto 
D) antecedent 
E) intervening

When using the elaboration paradigm,you should always begin with an observed relationship.

In conducting a project to study the relationship between number of criminal offenses committed and education,a researcher introduces the variable of age.When this was done,the relationship between education and crime disappeared.What type of research was conducted?

A relationship between IQ and shoe size,with no other variables measured is the example of a(n)

A variable that reverses the direction of a zero-order relationship when it is introduced is an example of a(n):

A relationship was found between variables A and B.Variable C was introduced,and the relationship between A and B was still strong in the partials.This illustrates

When Roland introduced a measure of poverty to his study of drug use and chances of being arrested,it changed from a positive to a negative relationship.Poverty then is an example of a distorter variable.

A zero-order relationship means that

The variable held constant in the elaboration model to determine the relationship between others is a(n)

Suppose there is a relationship between variables A and B.You introduce variable C as a control variable,and the relationship between A and B disappears in the partials.Then

The key to making ex post facto hypothesizing legitimate is that

The term specification is used in the elaboration model regardless of whether the test variable is antecedent or intervening.

The difference between interpretation and explanation is

Which one of the following is the term used to describe a spurious relationship?

The origins of the Elaboration Model dates back to World War II.

Professor Rumpler found a relationship between age at marriage and marital happiness.Rumpler introduced sex,race,number of years married,and income as test variables.In all partials,the relationship between age at marriage and marital happiness held.Rumpler probably

A variable that prevents a genuine relationship to be observed at the zero-order level is a(n)

We say that a(n)_____ variable is at work when a test variable reverses the direction of a zero-order relationship

Human Inquiry and Science

Paradigms,theory,and Social Research

The Ethics and Politics of Social Research

Research Design

Conceptualization, operationalization, and Measurement

Indexes, scales, and Typologies

The Logic of Sampling

Experiments

Survey Research

Qualitative Field Research

Unobtrusive Research

Evaluation Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Statistical Analyses

Reading and Writing Social Research

Filters

Exam 15: The Logic of Multivariate Analysis

When using the elaboration paradigm,you should always begin with an observed relationship.

In conducting a project to study the relationship between number of criminal offenses committed and education,a researcher introduces the variable of age.When this was done,the relationship between education and crime disappeared.What type of research was conducted?

A relationship between IQ and shoe size,with no other variables measured is the example of a(n)

A variable that reverses the direction of a zero-order relationship when it is introduced is an example of a(n):

A relationship was found between variables A and B.Variable C was introduced,and the relationship between A and B was still strong in the partials.This illustrates

When Roland introduced a measure of poverty to his study of drug use and chances of being arrested,it changed from a positive to a negative relationship.Poverty then is an example of a distorter variable.

A zero-order relationship means that

The variable held constant in the elaboration model to determine the relationship between others is a(n)

Suppose there is a relationship between variables A and B.You introduce variable C as a control variable,and the relationship between A and B disappears in the partials.Then

The key to making ex post facto hypothesizing legitimate is that

The term specification is used in the elaboration model regardless of whether the test variable is antecedent or intervening.

The difference between interpretation and explanation is

Which one of the following is the term used to describe a spurious relationship?

The origins of the Elaboration Model dates back to World War II.

Professor Rumpler found a relationship between age at marriage and marital happiness.Rumpler introduced sex,race,number of years married,and income as test variables.In all partials,the relationship between age at marriage and marital happiness held.Rumpler probably

A variable that prevents a genuine relationship to be observed at the zero-order level is a(n)

We say that a(n)_____ variable is at work when a test variable reverses the direction of a zero-order relationship

Human Inquiry and Science

Paradigms,theory,and Social Research

The Ethics and Politics of Social Research

Research Design

Conceptualization, operationalization, and Measurement

Indexes, scales, and Typologies

The Logic of Sampling

Experiments

Survey Research

Qualitative Field Research

Unobtrusive Research

Evaluation Research

Qualitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis

Statistical Analyses

Reading and Writing Social Research

Filters