Exam 5: Metrics, Tools, and Reporting: The Role of Finance and Accounting

Transparency means that those affected by corporate conduct, whether investors, regulators, customers, or communities impacted by business activities, are able to ______ such conduct.

Reporting on sustainability performance is ______ at providing benefits in the form of customer access, public image, stakeholder relations, competitive positioning, preferred supplier status, and employee morale.

PUMA developed the ______ metric to put the environmental performance of products into financial terms.

The most common reason companies disclose environmental, health, and safety information is ______.

The analytical tool that assesses the impacts of groundwater withdraws is called groundwater footprint, defined as the area required to sustain groundwater use and groundwater-dependent ______.

Internal reporting on sustainability ______ reach the CEO or Board-level committees.

According to the International Federation of Accountants' Sustainability Framework 2.0, sustainable performance can be promoted through accountancy by integrating environmental and social values into the ______ of a firm.

______ assessment discloses the full gambit of adverse social and environmental impacts associated with a product, from raw material sourcing, to processing, manufacture, distribution, sale, consumption, and disposal.

How does the Corporate Knight's Global 100 List use the Global Reporting Initiative to rank companies by sustainable performance?

The Carbon ______ is a non-profit that collects climate change information from voluntary business disclosures, including emissions amounts and associated risks, on behalf of institutional investors.

______ verification provides objective assessment and validation of the accuracy of sustainability reporting.

It is ______ that reporting on sustainability performance provides increased access to capital.

Describe groundwater footprinting and the state of global groundwater resources.

A retail company decides to report its greenhouse has footprint. The emissions caused by suppliers of the manufacturing company that fabricates the products the retailer sells, are an example of ______ Emissions.

A factory that emits carbon dioxide decides to report its greenhouse gas footprint. Their direct emissions from internal operations are an example of ______ Emissions.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was designed to protect ______ by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures, requiring senior managers to certify the accuracy of financial reports, and empowering the Securities and Exchange Commission to develop and enforce rules.

Reporting sustainability performance is now ______ of large companies.

______ is the forthright disclosure of relevant information regarding corporate conduct to affected stakeholders.

Companies monitor sustainability performance for several purposes, including organizational learning, improved decision-making, regulatory compliance, ______, and demonstration.

Environmental externalities related to biodiversity impacts and reliance on ecosystem services are ______ issues and should be included in risk assessments, financial accounts, and reporting cycles.