Exam 4: Algorithms

The simplest element of logical structure in an algorithm is a ____, in which one instruction follows another as if in a straight line.

The path through an algorithm each time it is executed is determined by the state of the true or false conditions in the algorithm at that time.

A count-controlled loop is a special case of a sentinel loop, in which the sentinel involves a counter, but the term "sentinel loop" is generally used to refer only to loops that are not count-controlled.

In a branching routine, each path is called a ____.

A programmer who is familiar with the design patterns of logical structure can more easily create and edit software.

Usually terminators are labeled with the words "start" or "stop," or sometimes "begin" or "end."

Alice's LOOP instruction allows us to use a negative increment.

There should only be one terminator at the beginning of an algorithm and one terminator at the end of an algorithm.

The question "Which pair of shoes would you like?", is an example of a binary question.

Algorithms are sequential in nature, forming a kind of sequential logic.

Whenever a more sophisticated loop is called for, such as one that counts backward, it is best to create your own version of a count-controlled loop with a FOR instruction.

In a ____, one of two instructions is chosen.

A ____ occurs when an algorithm branches backward to a previous instruction, and then repeats part of the algorithm.

To say that one thing is "predicated" on another means that one thing is determined by another.

Böhm and Jacopini used a system they called ____ to describe their work.

In a count-controlled loop, the control variable is a called a ____.

A(n) ____ is a diagram that shows the structure of an algorithm.

In a ____, an instruction is either executed or bypassed.

Böhm and Jacopini used a simple system of flowcharting with two symbols: ovals to show each step in an algorithm, and diamond-shaped boxes to show what they called a logical predicative.

In a posttest loop, the test to determine whether or not to continue executing the loop comes before any other instructions that are to be repeated.