Question 1

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s,there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B) The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers rose substantially between 1980 and 2010. 
C) The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D) In 2010,only about 42 percent of those completing college degrees were women. 
A) Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s,there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B) The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers rose substantially between 1980 and 2010. 
C) The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D) In 2010,only about 42 percent of those completing college degrees were women.

Question 2

If a firm refuses to hire any females due to a personal prejudice,its profits will

Accepted Answer

A) increase markedly. 
B) decrease. 
C) not be affected. 
D) increase slightly. 
A) increase markedly. 
B) decrease. 
C) not be affected. 
D) increase slightly.

Question 3

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,economic theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) employers who discriminate will have lower production costs. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) employers who discriminate will have the same production costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D) employers who discriminate will have lower profits. 
A) employers who discriminate will have lower production costs. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) employers who discriminate will have the same production costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D) employers who discriminate will have lower profits.

Question 4

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,economic theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) it is costless for employers to discriminate against groups they do not like. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) an employer who discriminates will experience higher costs. 
D) discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages. 
A) it is costless for employers to discriminate against groups they do not like. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) an employer who discriminates will experience higher costs. 
D) discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages.

Question 5

In 1961,____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

Accepted Answer

A) 19 
B) 29 
C) 39 
D) 51 
A) 19 
B) 29 
C) 39 
D) 51

Question 6

In 2007,the labor force participation rate of women was

Accepted Answer

A) 20.6 percent. 
B) 40.6 percent. 
C) 60.6 percent. 
D) 80.6 percent. 
A) 20.6 percent. 
B) 40.6 percent. 
C) 60.6 percent. 
D) 80.6 percent.

Question 7

As a result of the educational and career choices of women becoming more like those of men during the last two decades,the earnings of women have

Accepted Answer

A) risen toward those of men. 
B) fallen relative to those of men. 
C) remained relatively unchanged relative to those of men. 
D) fallen in clerical occupations,but risen in business careers. 
A) risen toward those of men. 
B) fallen relative to those of men. 
C) remained relatively unchanged relative to those of men. 
D) fallen in clerical occupations,but risen in business careers.

Question 8

Between 1960 and 1980,the labor force participation rate of women ____.Between 1980 and 2009,the labor force participation rate of women ____.

Accepted Answer

A) fell;fell 
B) rose;rose 
C) fell;rose 
D) rose;fell 
A) fell;fell 
B) rose;rose 
C) fell;rose 
D) rose;fell

Question 9

The earnings difference between men who have never been married and women is

Accepted Answer

A) significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B) about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C) significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D) modestly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
A) significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B) about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C) significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D) modestly more than the earnings difference between married men and women.

Question 10

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B) If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males,the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C) The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D) Both a and c are true. 
A) Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B) If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males,the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C) The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D) Both a and c are true.

Question 11

Traditionally,men have been more willing to accept jobs that

Accepted Answer

A) required continuous employment in the labor force. 
B) require relocation if necessary to get a higher paying job. 
C) have long working hours. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) required continuous employment in the labor force. 
B) require relocation if necessary to get a higher paying job. 
C) have long working hours. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 12

During the last two decades,the number of women preparing for careers as professionals has ____,and the proportion of those completing college degrees has ____.

Accepted Answer

A) increased;decreased 
B) increased;increased 
C) decreased;decreased 
D) decreased;increased 
A) increased;decreased 
B) increased;increased 
C) decreased;decreased 
D) decreased;increased

Question 13

Given the traditional responsibility for monetary earnings in the family,men were more likely than women to

Accepted Answer

A) have continuous labor force participation. 
B) move in order to get a higher-paying job. 
C) accept jobs with long hours,uncertain schedules,and out-of-town travel. 
D) do all of the above. 
A) have continuous labor force participation. 
B) move in order to get a higher-paying job. 
C) accept jobs with long hours,uncertain schedules,and out-of-town travel. 
D) do all of the above.

Question 14

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,

Accepted Answer

A) only legal requirements will be able to reduce the amount of employment discrimination. 
B) competitive markets will generally tend to promote discrimination as firms try to lower their costs to increase their profits. 
C) competitive markets will tend to make it costly for employers to discriminate,reducing the amount of discrimination. 
D) none of the above will be true. 
A) only legal requirements will be able to reduce the amount of employment discrimination. 
B) competitive markets will generally tend to promote discrimination as firms try to lower their costs to increase their profits. 
C) competitive markets will tend to make it costly for employers to discriminate,reducing the amount of discrimination. 
D) none of the above will be true.

Question 15

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,economic theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) competitive forces will tend to reduce discrimination. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) an employer who discriminates will have the same costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D) discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages. 
A) competitive forces will tend to reduce discrimination. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) an employer who discriminates will have the same costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D) discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages.

Question 16

In 2010,____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

Accepted Answer

A) 27 
B) 37 
C) 47 
D) 57 
A) 27 
B) 37 
C) 47 
D) 57

Question 17

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s,there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B) The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers has been virtually constant since 1980. 
C) The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has increased substantially since the 1980s. 
D) In recent years only about 40 percent of those completing college degrees were women. 
A) Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s,there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B) The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers has been virtually constant since 1980. 
C) The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has increased substantially since the 1980s. 
D) In recent years only about 40 percent of those completing college degrees were women.

Question 18

Why is it NOT surprising that men make up the minority of college graduates?

Accepted Answer

A) Because of discrimination against women,men are able to get good jobs with only a high school degree. 
B) Men are smarter than women and they do not need a higher education to be attractive to employers. 
C) Given their greater physical strength,many men accept high-paying but physically demanding jobs instead of going to college. 
D) Many men decide to pursue jobs in professional sports and this significantly reduces the number of males who go to college. 
A) Because of discrimination against women,men are able to get good jobs with only a high school degree. 
B) Men are smarter than women and they do not need a higher education to be attractive to employers. 
C) Given their greater physical strength,many men accept high-paying but physically demanding jobs instead of going to college. 
D) Many men decide to pursue jobs in professional sports and this significantly reduces the number of males who go to college.

Question 19

Since the 1970s,the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been ____,while the female/male earnings ratio has been ____ during this same period.

Accepted Answer

A) rising;declining 
B) rising;increasing 
C) falling;increasing 
D) falling;declining 
A) rising;declining 
B) rising;increasing 
C) falling;increasing 
D) falling;declining

Question 20

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B) If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males,the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C) The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D) Both a and c are true. 
A) Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B) If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males,the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C) The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D) Both a and c are true.

Exam 39: Earnings Differences Between Men and Women

Which of the following is true?

If a firm refuses to hire any females due to a personal prejudice,its profits will

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,economic theory suggests that

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,economic theory suggests that

In 1961,____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

In 2007,the labor force participation rate of women was

As a result of the educational and career choices of women becoming more like those of men during the last two decades,the earnings of women have

Between 1960 and 1980,the labor force participation rate of women ____.Between 1980 and 2009,the labor force participation rate of women ____.

The earnings difference between men who have never been married and women is

Which of the following is true?

Traditionally,men have been more willing to accept jobs that

During the last two decades,the number of women preparing for careers as professionals has ____,and the proportion of those completing college degrees has ____.

Given the traditional responsibility for monetary earnings in the family,men were more likely than women to

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers,economic theory suggests that

In 2010,____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

Which of the following is true?

Why is it NOT surprising that men make up the minority of college graduates?

Since the 1970s,the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been ____,while the female/male earnings ratio has been ____ during this same period.

Which of the following is true?

The Economic Approach

Asome Tools of the Economist

Asupply,demand,and the Market Process

Asupply and Demand: Applications and Extensions

Difficult Cases for the Market and the Role of Government

The Economics of Collective Decision-Making

Ataking the Nations Economic Pulse

Economic Fluctuations, unemployment, and Inflation

Aan Introduction to Basic Macroeconomic Markets

Dynamic Change, economic Fluctuations, and the Ad-As Model

Fiscal Policy: the Keynesian View and Historical Perspective

Fiscal Policy, incentives, and Secondary Effects

Amoney and the Banking System

Modern Macroeconomics and Monetary Policy

Stabilization Policy, output, and Employment

Creating an Environment for Growth and Prosperity

Institutions,policies,and Cross-Country Differences in Income and Growth

Gaining From International Trade

International Finance and the Foreign Exchange Market

Consumer Choice and Elasticity

Acosts and the Supply of Goods

Aprice Takers and the Competitive Process

Price-Searcher Markets With Low Entry Barriers

Aprice-Searcher Markets With High Entry Barriers

The Supply of and Demand for Productive Resources

Earnings, productivity, and the Job Market

Investment, the Capital Market, and the Wealth of Nations

Income Inequality and Poverty

Government Spending and Taxation

The Economics of Social Security

The Stock Market: Its Function, Performance, and Potential As an Investment Opportunity

Great Debates in Economics: Keynes Versus Hayek

The Crisis of 2008: Causes and Lessons for the Future

Lessons From the Great Depression

Lessons From Japan and Canada

The Federal Budget and the National Debt

The Economics of Healthcare

Education: Problems and Performance

Do Labor Unions Increase the Wages of Workers

The Question of Resource Exhaustion

Difficult Environmental Cases and the Role of Government

Filters

Between 1960 and 1980,the labor force participation rate of women .Between 1980 and 2009,the labor force participation rate of women .

During the last two decades,the number of women preparing for careers as professionals has ,and the proportion of those completing college degrees has .

Since the 1970s,the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been ,while the female/male earnings ratio has been during this same period.