Question 1

Which of the following is True regarding female use of drugs and alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Female high school seniors are less likely than male high school students to smoke cigarettes. 
B)  Comparative studies reveal an increase in gender differences among adolescent drug users in the past decade and a half. 
C)  Female and male high school seniors use alcohol and marijuana at about the same rates. 
D)  Presented with the opportunity to do drugs, females tended to use at higher rates than males. 
A)  Female high school seniors are less likely than male high school students to smoke cigarettes. 
B)  Comparative studies reveal an increase in gender differences among adolescent drug users in the past decade and a half. 
C)  Female and male high school seniors use alcohol and marijuana at about the same rates. 
D)  Presented with the opportunity to do drugs, females tended to use at higher rates than males. C

Question 2

The theory of cognitive transformation to explain desistance, or the dropping out of committing crime, was developed by whom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brown and Stein 
B)  Silbert and Pines 
C)  Chesney-Lind and Rodriguez 
D)  Peggy C. Giordano and her colleagues 
A)  Brown and Stein 
B)  Silbert and Pines 
C)  Chesney-Lind and Rodriguez 
D)  Peggy C. Giordano and her colleagues D

Question 3

Several studies have indicated that juvenile males are treated more harshly than females because of their sexual history.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Match each term with its description.
-Social Learning Theory

Accepted Answer

A)  Females have more social bonds and less delinquency 
B)  Females accept that have less aspirations than males 
C)  Females tend to associate with are influenced by delinquents 
D)  High aspirations not attainable could cause delinquency 
A)  Females have more social bonds and less delinquency 
B)  Females accept that have less aspirations than males 
C)  Females tend to associate with are influenced by delinquents 
D)  High aspirations not attainable could cause delinquency

Question 5

Match each term with its description.
-Meda Chesney-Lind

Accepted Answer

A)  Founded Interactionist Theory of Delinquency 
B)  Formed the Girls Study Group 
C)  Proposed the power-control theory 
D)  Proposed a feminist theory of delinquency 
A)  Founded Interactionist Theory of Delinquency 
B)  Formed the Girls Study Group 
C)  Proposed the power-control theory 
D)  Proposed a feminist theory of delinquency

Question 6

Match each term with its description.
-Class oppression

Accepted Answer

A)  A book by Peggy Orenstein 
B)  A form of female exploitation 
C)  Changing status offenses to criminal charges 
D)  A theoretical approach by Freda Adler 
A)  A book by Peggy Orenstein 
B)  A form of female exploitation 
C)  Changing status offenses to criminal charges 
D)  A theoretical approach by Freda Adler

Question 7

Class ________ is a form of exploitation experienced by an adolescent female.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Class ________ is a form of exploitation...

Question 8

Which of the following did Phelps and colleagues determine through a survey of almost 200 female youths in the Wisconsin juvenile justice system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Juvenile females were 16 percent less likely than boys to be arrested for a status offense. 
B)  A high percentage of inmates were street prostitutes who had been abused sexually as juveniles. 
C)  A direct link exists between female youths living in poverty and later criminal careers. 
D)  Approximately 79 percent had been subjected to physical abuse that resulted in some form of injury. 
A)  Juvenile females were 16 percent less likely than boys to be arrested for a status offense. 
B)  A high percentage of inmates were street prostitutes who had been abused sexually as juveniles. 
C)  A direct link exists between female youths living in poverty and later criminal careers. 
D)  Approximately 79 percent had been subjected to physical abuse that resulted in some form of injury.

Question 9

Which of the following is atypical of a female juvenile offender?

Accepted Answer

A)  from an unstable family background 
B)  a history of healthy relationships with her parents, especially her father 
C)  13 to 18 years old 
D)  mental health issues 
A)  from an unstable family background 
B)  a history of healthy relationships with her parents, especially her father 
C)  13 to 18 years old 
D)  mental health issues

Question 10

Lower-class adolescent females tend to confront higher ________ than middle- and upper-class adolescent females.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lower-class adolescent females tend to confront higher...

Question 11

Which of the following would be accurate regarding the risks confronted by lower-class adolescent females, compared to middle and upper class adolescent females?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lower-class females are more likely to attend college. 
B)  Lower-class females tend to have strong and supportive networks at home. 
C)  Lower-class females tend to have more unsatisfactory experiences at school. 
D)  Lower-class females tend to experience lower rates of sexual abuse. 
A)  Lower-class females are more likely to attend college. 
B)  Lower-class females tend to have strong and supportive networks at home. 
C)  Lower-class females tend to have more unsatisfactory experiences at school. 
D)  Lower-class females tend to experience lower rates of sexual abuse.

Question 12

Match each term with its description.
-Karen Heimer

Accepted Answer

A)  Founded Interactionist Theory of Delinquency 
B)  Formed the Girls Study Group 
C)  Proposed the power-control theory 
D)  Proposed a feminist theory of delinquency 
A)  Founded Interactionist Theory of Delinquency 
B)  Formed the Girls Study Group 
C)  Proposed the power-control theory 
D)  Proposed a feminist theory of delinquency

Question 13

Which of the following theories explains why offenders who experience stresses from high aspirations and lack of opportunity may commit crimes?

Accepted Answer

A)  interactionist theory 
B)  routine activities theory 
C)  power-control theory 
D)  general strain theory 
A)  interactionist theory 
B)  routine activities theory 
C)  power-control theory 
D)  general strain theory

Question 14

According to Meda Chesney-Lind, a major reason for girls' presence in juvenile court is their parents' insistence on their arrest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match each term with its description.
-John Hagan

Accepted Answer

A)  Founded Interactionist Theory of Delinquency 
B)  Formed the Girls Study Group 
C)  Proposed the power-control theory 
D)  Proposed a feminist theory of delinquency 
A)  Founded Interactionist Theory of Delinquency 
B)  Formed the Girls Study Group 
C)  Proposed the power-control theory 
D)  Proposed a feminist theory of delinquency

Question 16

Match each term with its description.
-General Strain Theory

Accepted Answer

A)  Females have more social bonds and less delinquency 
B)  Females accept that have less aspirations than males 
C)  Females tend to associate with are influenced by delinquents 
D)  High aspirations not attainable could cause delinquency 
A)  Females have more social bonds and less delinquency 
B)  Females accept that have less aspirations than males 
C)  Females tend to associate with are influenced by delinquents 
D)  High aspirations not attainable could cause delinquency

Question 17

Which of the following is a form of exploitation by adolescent females?

Accepted Answer

A)  medium institution 
B)  gender selection 
C)  class oppression 
D)  survival reaction 
A)  medium institution 
B)  gender selection 
C)  class oppression 
D)  survival reaction

Question 18

Match each term with its description.
-Bootstrapping

Accepted Answer

A)  A book by Peggy Orenstein 
B)  A form of female exploitation 
C)  Changing status offenses to criminal charges 
D)  A theoretical approach by Freda Adler 
A)  A book by Peggy Orenstein 
B)  A form of female exploitation 
C)  Changing status offenses to criminal charges 
D)  A theoretical approach by Freda Adler

Question 19

Biological and constitutional explanations of female delinquency focus on biopsychological vulnerability factors related to girls' delinquency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Match each term with its description.
-Blocked Opportunity Theory

Accepted Answer

A)  Females have more social bonds and less delinquency 
B)  Females accept that have less aspirations than males 
C)  Females tend to associate with are influenced by delinquents 
D)  High aspirations not attainable could cause delinquency 
A)  Females have more social bonds and less delinquency 
B)  Females accept that have less aspirations than males 
C)  Females tend to associate with are influenced by delinquents 
D)  High aspirations not attainable could cause delinquency

Which of the following is True regarding female use of drugs and alcohol?

The theory of cognitive transformation to explain desistance, or the dropping out of committing crime, was developed by whom?

Several studies have indicated that juvenile males are treated more harshly than females because of their sexual history.

Match each term with its description. -Social Learning Theory

Match each term with its description. -Meda Chesney-Lind

Match each term with its description. -Class oppression

Class ________ is a form of exploitation experienced by an adolescent female.

Which of the following did Phelps and colleagues determine through a survey of almost 200 female youths in the Wisconsin juvenile justice system?

Which of the following is atypical of a female juvenile offender?

Lower-class adolescent females tend to confront higher ________ than middle- and upper-class adolescent females.

Which of the following would be accurate regarding the risks confronted by lower-class adolescent females, compared to middle and upper class adolescent females?

Match each term with its description. -Karen Heimer

Which of the following theories explains why offenders who experience stresses from high aspirations and lack of opportunity may commit crimes?

According to Meda Chesney-Lind, a major reason for girls' presence in juvenile court is their parents' insistence on their arrest.

Match each term with its description. -John Hagan

Match each term with its description. -General Strain Theory

Which of the following is a form of exploitation by adolescent females?

Match each term with its description. -Bootstrapping

Biological and constitutional explanations of female delinquency focus on biopsychological vulnerability factors related to girls' delinquency.

Match each term with its description. -Blocked Opportunity Theory

Juvenile Justice: An Overview

Measurement and Nature of Juvenile Crime

Causes of Juvenile Crime

The Police

The Juvenile Court

Juveniles in Adult Court

Juvenile Probation

Community-Based Programs

Juvenile Institutionalization

Juvenile Aftercare

Treatment Technologies

Juvenile Gangs

Special Juvenile Offender Populations

Juvenile Justice in the Twenty-First Century

Filters

Exam 4: Gender and Juvenile Justice

Which of the following is True regarding female use of drugs and alcohol?

The theory of cognitive transformation to explain desistance, or the dropping out of committing crime, was developed by whom?

Several studies have indicated that juvenile males are treated more harshly than females because of their sexual history.

Match each term with its description. -Social Learning Theory

Match each term with its description. -Meda Chesney-Lind

Match each term with its description. -Class oppression

Class ________ is a form of exploitation experienced by an adolescent female.

Which of the following did Phelps and colleagues determine through a survey of almost 200 female youths in the Wisconsin juvenile justice system?

Which of the following is atypical of a female juvenile offender?

Lower-class adolescent females tend to confront higher ________ than middle- and upper-class adolescent females.

Which of the following would be accurate regarding the risks confronted by lower-class adolescent females, compared to middle and upper class adolescent females?

Match each term with its description. -Karen Heimer

Which of the following theories explains why offenders who experience stresses from high aspirations and lack of opportunity may commit crimes?

According to Meda Chesney-Lind, a major reason for girls' presence in juvenile court is their parents' insistence on their arrest.

Match each term with its description. -John Hagan

Match each term with its description. -General Strain Theory

Which of the following is a form of exploitation by adolescent females?

Match each term with its description. -Bootstrapping

Biological and constitutional explanations of female delinquency focus on biopsychological vulnerability factors related to girls' delinquency.

Match each term with its description. -Blocked Opportunity Theory

Juvenile Justice: An Overview

Measurement and Nature of Juvenile Crime

Causes of Juvenile Crime

The Police

The Juvenile Court

Juveniles in Adult Court

Juvenile Probation

Community-Based Programs

Juvenile Institutionalization

Juvenile Aftercare

Treatment Technologies

Juvenile Gangs

Special Juvenile Offender Populations

Juvenile Justice in the Twenty-First Century

Filters